History Medicine (part 1 Ancient Greece+ Rome - Renaissance)

Question 1

Who came up with the Four Humours?

Answer 1

Hippocrates

Question 2

What were the Four Humors?

Answer 2

Blood, Yellow bile, Black bile and Phlegm

Question 3

If you are healthy what does that suggest?

Answer 3

That all the humors are balanced

Question 4

What is the Hippocratic oath?

Answer 4

All doctors had to: doctors are not magicians, keep high standards, work for the patient, keep secrets and not to make themselves wealthy

Question 5

What were the four clinical observations?

Answer 5

Record, observe, diagnose, prognose

Question 6

What was the healthy regime?

Answer 6

Diet, excise, sleep and if it didn’t wok they would purge you to release access humour

Question 7

How did Galen expand on Hippocrates theory?

Answer 7

Galen believed that the humours had to be balanced in order to prove you are healthy. Treatment of Opposites.

Question 8

How would you balance the humors

Answer 8

e.g. if you had too much phlegm then you must take something hot= pepper

Question 9

Galen disagreed with Hippocrates about what?

Answer 9

Galen believed in surgery whereas

Question 10

What did Galen prove when he operated on a pig

Answer 10

He proved that the brain controls our body by cutting the nerves in its back and the pig stopped squealing

Question 11

What did Galen say about surgery?

Answer 11

“Physicians should find out as much as possible from the human body”

Question 12

When did the Black Death strike in Medieval England

Answer 12

1348

Question 13

What were 2 symptoms for the Black Death

Answer 13

Nose Bleeds, Buboes-humps on groin and armpit

Question 14

2 ways people tried to treat the Black Death were?

Answer 14

Herbal remedies and Head in foul smelling bucket of waste.

Question 15

2 Impacts on the Black Death

Answer 15

1) mass graves, plague pits

2) Priests attempting to heal people

Question 16

How much of Europe was covered by this plague

Answer 16

1/3

Question 17

2 cause of the Black Death were?

Answer 17

1) Jews were blamed

2) Humors were unbalanced

Question 18

What was the period of the Renaissance

Answer 18

1500-1700

Question 19

What was focused on during this period

Answer 19

Science- the royal society set up in 1660

Question 20

What was the main medical treatment during the Renaissance

Answer 20

The Four Humors and Bloodletting

Question 21

What was the understanding of the human body before Vesalius

Answer 21

Basic understanding knowledge which Galen left

Question 22

Who did Vesalius support

Answer 22

He supported Galen

Question 23

What did Vesalius prove wrong

Answer 23

Galen’s theory of the blood flowing through invisible holes in the heart

Question 24

What did Vesalius discover about the human body

Answer 24

organs

Question 25

What was Vesalius book called

Answer 25

The Fabric of the Human body published- 1543

Question 26

How many mistakes of Galens did Vesalius correct

Answer 26

200

Question 27

What was one of the mistakes Galen had made

Answer 27

the Jaw bone is 1 bone not 2

Question 28

How did Vesalius teach people about anatomy

Answer 28

He did public showcases to teach people anatomy for free

Question 29

What was the date of the second plague during the Renaissance

Answer 29

1665

Question 30

one way people tried to stop the disease from spreading was?

Answer 30

putting them into quarantine

Question 31

How many people died from this plague

Answer 31

100,00

Question 32

Who discovered about the circulation of the blood

Answer 32

William Harvey

Question 33

Due to Harvey finding out about the circulation of blood and the heart. whose idea did this go against?

Answer 33

Galens theory of the brain being in control of the body

Question 34

What date was Harvey’s book written and what was it name

Answer 34

1628, it was called: “An Anatomical account of the motion of the heart and blood”

Question 35

Who was the physician who treated smallpox

Answer 35

Edward Jennar

Question 36

What did Jennar call his discovery

Answer 36

Vaccination

Question 37

What did Jennar observe in order to stop small pox

Answer 37

he observed milkmaids and how they got cowpox, which meant that they wouldn’t get smallpox

Question 38

Who did Jennar test his theory on

Answer 38

James Phipps

Question 39

How did Jennar prove his theory

Answer 39

By taking some cowpox out of a milk maids arm, called and inserted it into James Phipps arm

Question 40

What happened when Jennar inserted the smallpox into James Phipps

Answer 40

He did not develop the illness, he developed immunity to Smallpox

Question 41

Impact of vaccination

Answer 41

This was a way of stopping diseases like smallpox which took 100 years too get rid off

Question 42

Why did some people refused the idea of vaccination

Answer 42

Jennar did not now how vaccination worked and didn’t know what else it could do, hence side effects could be turning you into a cow.