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history finale Flashcards

1
Q

Hunting + gathering

A

Status Quo

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2
Q

Nomadic Bands (20-ish people)

A

SQ

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3
Q

Use of tools (made of stone or bone)

A

SQ

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4
Q

Oral tradition and simple social structure

A

SQ

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5
Q

Domestication of plants and animals

A

MIT

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6
Q

People began to live in small villages

A

MIT

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7
Q

male + female roles become more distinct; some general division of labour

A

MIT

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8
Q

Early farming villages appear in Europe, Asia, Mesopotamia, Mesoamerica

A

MIT

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9
Q

Systematic Agriculture: Growing crops on a large scale

A

A or R

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10
Q

Surplus of Food

A

A or R

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11
Q

Population Growth and Development of cities

A

A or R

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12
Q

Specialization develops

A

A or R

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13
Q

Rise of civilization (cities, government, religion, social structure, writing, art)

A

Assim

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14
Q

Population growth increases further

A

Assim

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15
Q

Technology spurs more growth and more technology

A

Assim

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16
Q

Ever increasing specialization

A

Assim

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17
Q

Oral Tradition

A

SQ

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18
Q

Knowledge is sacred

A

SQ

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19
Q

Only the initiated have access

A

SQ

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20
Q

Very small circle, face-to-face transfer

A

SQ

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21
Q

26th century BC cuneiform becomes general purpose writing system for logograms, syllables, and numbers

A

MIT

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22
Q

Texts copied by hand, making them rare and highly valued

A

MIT

23
Q

Access to religious texts and teaching tightly controlled

A

MIT

24
Q

Knowledge is the right of a select few, who disseminate their ideas/interpretations to the masses

A

MIT

25
Q

1455 - printing press and mass production; more printed in next 50 years than all prior history

A

A or R

26
Q

Book production controlled by printers/publishers

A

A or R

27
Q

Kowledge is transportable and reproducible. Greatly expanded audience. Cost declines over the centuries.

A

A or R

28
Q

Enlightenment: 18th century explosion in knowledge and learning through the printed word.

A

A or R

29
Q

Internet and digital technology: every person has their own printing press

A

Assim

30
Q

1995: 16 mil users (0.4% of pop) 2013: 2.7 bil (38.8%) 2023: 5.16 bil (64.5%)

A

Assim

31
Q

5 exabytes of data every 2 days. That’s more than all data produced prior to 2003.

A

Assim

32
Q

Printed and dissemination are virtually free. Information is common, unfiltered, unrestricted.

A

Assim

33
Q

Church Authority

A

SQ

34
Q

Geocentrism (Ptolemaic system)

A

SQ

35
Q

The Heavens, unchanging pure orbs of light

A

SQ

36
Q

Perfect circles and constant motion

A

SQ

37
Q

Secular Viewpoint (from the Renaissance)

A

MIT

38
Q

Mathematics and Reason

A

MIT

39
Q

Scientific Method

A

MIT

40
Q

Physical law

A

MIT

41
Q

Heliocentrism (Copernicus)

A

A or R

42
Q

All objects made of same substance (Galileo)

A

A or R

43
Q

Elliptical orbits of varying speed (Kepler)

A

A or R

44
Q

Universal law of Gravitation (Newton)

A

A or R

45
Q

The world is a machine

A

Assim

46
Q

Newton’s Principia 1687

A

Assim

47
Q

Dissemination of scientific findings articles, journals, books

A

Assim

48
Q

Experiments and discoveries related to the human body (Vesalius and Harvey) and to chemistry (Boyle’s law) among others

A

Assim

49
Q

East/west axis

A

Ease of species spreading

50
Q

Many suitable wild species

A

Many domesticated plants + animals

51
Q

Many domesticated plants + animals

A

Food surplus, epidemic disease

52
Q

Food surplus

A

Large, dense, stratified society

53
Q

Large, dense, stratified society

A

Epidemic disease + political, organization, writing + technology

54
Q

Technology

A

Ships, guns/better weaponry

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