History Final Vocab

Question 1

neolithic

Answer 1

The period of the Stone Age associated with the ancient Agricultural Revolution(s). It follows the Paleolithic period.

Question 2

paleolithic

Answer 2

The period of the Stone Age associated with the evolution of humans. It predates the Neolithic period.

Question 3

Ozymandias

Answer 3

Poem/sonnet written in 1817 by English romantic poet Percy Bysshe Shelley that illustrates the eventual futility of a great king’s proud boast that time and history has ironically disproved

Question 4

Hammurabi Code

Answer 4

Set of laws established by Mesopotamian ruler in 1700s B.C. It is the most important document to survive from ancient Mesopotamia.

Question 5

Hammurabi

Answer 5

Mesopotamian ruler who established a uniform set of laws and created the Old Babylonian Empire

Question 6

ziggurat

Answer 6

Step-shaped pyramid serving as the main temple in Mesopotamian cities.

Question 7

Epic of Gilgamesh

Answer 7

Perhaps, the oldest written story on Earth. It comes to us from Ancient Sumeria, and was originally written on 12 clay tablets in cunieform script. It covers the adventures of the King of Uruk

Question 8

polytheism

Answer 8

Belief in more than one god or in many gods

Question 9

Zoroaster

Answer 9

A Persian prophet who said that there were not many deities as the Persians thought, but only Ahura Mazda (good) and Ahriman (darkness) and that someday Ahura Mazda would beat Ahriman.

Question 10

monotheism

Answer 10

The belief that there is only one god

Question 11

satrap

Answer 11

Official who ruled a state in the Persian empire under Darius

Question 12

Hieroglyphics

Answer 12

Pictographic script, particularly that of ancient Egypt.

Question 13

cuneiform

Answer 13

Writing of early Mesopotamian civilizations composed of slim triangular or wedge-shaped elements.

Question 14

Joshua

Answer 14

Early Hebrew leader who succeeded Moses and led the conquest of Canaan.

Question 15

Moses

Answer 15

Leader of Hebrews who led the nation of Egyptian slaves through 40 years of wandering in the desert in route to the Promised Land. He received the 10 Commandments from God on Mt. Sinai.

Question 16

King David

Answer 16

He defeated Goliath and became the second king of the Hebrew nation. Expanded the borders of the Hebrew nation. Father of Solomon.

Question 17

King Solomon

Answer 17

Third king of Hebrew nation; builder of the first temple; known for wisdom and the writer of many Old Testament writings.

Question 18

King Saul

Answer 18

First king of the Hebrew nation. Was killed by Philistines.

Question 19

Persian Empire

Answer 19

Empire created under Cyrus the Great and lasted from 550 B.C. until defeated by Alexander the Great in 331 B.C.

Question 20

Hittite Empire

Answer 20

An empire of Anatolia that lasted from 1340 to 1200 B.C. Advanced the use of chariots in warfare.

Question 21

Cyrus the Great

Answer 21

Founder of the Persian Empire and famous for permitting the Jewish captives to return home.

Question 22

Xerxes

Answer 22

Persian king and son and successor of Darius I. Led a failed military campaign against Greece that included the battles of Thermopylae and Salamis.

Question 23

Homer

Answer 23

Greek blind poet and author of the Illiad and The Odyssey.

Question 24

Bablyonia

Answer 24

Empire developed in Mesopotamia around 2000 B.C. Established the first documented law code, 60 numbered code, 360 day calendar, and advanced astrology.

Question 25

Delian League

Answer 25

Delian League Anti-Persian alliance of Greek cities organized by Athens in 481 B.C.

Question 26

Peloponnesian War

Answer 26

27-year war between Athens and Sparta.

Question 27

Herodotus

Answer 27

Author during the 440s B.C., of a history of the Persian Wars, known as the Father of History.