History Final Semester 2 Flashcards
1
Q
franklin delano roosevelt
A
32nd president one of the most productive presidents helped the US through Great Depression
2
Q
flapper
A
rebellious woman who dresses untriditionally
3
Q
hoovervilles
A
makeshift shanty towns that sprung up during the great depression
4
Q
red scare
A
widespread fear of communism
5
Q
fundmentalism
A
people who believe the bible word for word
6
Q
eighteenth amendment
A
prohibited the manufacturing and selling of alcohol
7
Q
speakeasy
A
illegal bars
8
Q
dust bowl
A
dust storm that went through texas, oklahoma,
9
Q
sacco and venzetti
A
arrested for armed robbery and murder but found innocent
10
Q
henry ford
A
maker of ford company made the first car company was big after great depression
11
Q
scopes trial
A
teacher from tennessee that got put on trial for teaching biology
12
Q
dw griffith
A
filmmaker who made birth of a nation created a new art form
13
Q
economic causes of great depression
A
the stock market crash of 1929; the collapse of world trade due to the Smoot-Hawley Tariff; government policies; bank failures and panics; and the collapse of the money supply
14
Q
financial causes of the great depression
A
stock market collapse, waves of bankruptcy and bank failure, and contractions in the money stock
15
Q
long-term response of hoover
A
Hoover requested that the Federal Reserve increase credit, and he persuaded Congress to transfer agricultural surpluses from the Federal Farm Board to the Red Cross for distribution to relief agencies. Hoover asked Congress for even more spending on public works
16
Q
effects of the great depression
A
drastic declines in output, severe unemployment, and acute deflation in almost every country of the world
17
Q
new deal
A
relief: for people suffering from depression
reform: to prevent serious economic crises in the future
recovery: reform a better economy
18
Q
fdr’s hundred days
A
100 days of FDR’s presidency
FDR placed key parts of program
19
Q
al capone
A
joined johnny torrio’s gang the colosimo gang
1920 moved to chicago
became influential lieutenant
created the fbi and international stuff
20
Q
lucky luciano
A
gangster helped naval intelligence
21
Q
court packing
A
the idea of adding justices to the supreme court or lower courts to shift the balance in a liberal, conservative or other direction
22
Q
adolf hitler
A
leader of nazi germany
23
Q
joesph stalin
A
leader of soviet union
24
Q
winston churchill
A
great britian’s prime minster during ww2
25
hideki tojo
served as tokyo's prime minister
26
benito mussolini
leader of fascist italy
27
robert oppenheimer
responsible for building the first atomic bomb
28
blizkrieg
lighting war, combination of air attacks and fast moving armored strikes deep into territories
29
truman doctorine
established that the United States would provide political, military and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from external or internal authoritarian forces.
30
axis powers
germany italy and japan
31
allied powers
great britian
france
russia (USA replaces them)
italy
32
appeasement
giving into aggressive demands to maintain peace
33
totalitarian
form of government in which a person or party in charge has absolute power
34
manchuria
area that japan takes from china prior to ww2 to have resources and territory
35
rhineland
hitler wanted control of rhineland
industrial capital he wanted it
1936 germans cross into the rhineland and reoccupy the territory
36
anschluss
austria and germany create union
37
sudetenland
area of German speaking territory in Germany
38
which describes the government in the ww2
totaltarian
39
battle of britain
great britain was alone by germany
nation was led by churchill
people were inspired by him
never once thought about surrendering
german plan was to destroy RAF (Royal Air Force)
thanks to radar, british forces were to see when germany was going to attack
battle wore on the Luftwaffe German Air Force began bombing Britain
stopped targeting the RAF
britain wins the battle
40
operation overload
planned invasion of france
41
battle of the bulge
last german offensive of the war
42
pearl harbor
complete surprise
4 battleships sunk 4 more damaged
more than 200 planes destroyed
2,400 Americans killed
⭐ results in america joining WWII
43
baatan death march
forcing filipino and americans to march through the philippines
44
battle of midway
Japan’s Plan
Lure the rest of the U.S. navy out to sea then destroy it
U.S. Advantage
Broken Japanese codes
Knew date of Japanese attack and direction of attack
U.S. met Japanese planes before they attacked the island
Japanese planes went back to the aircraft carriers
U.S. destroyed the carriers
Significance
Japanese loses Naval advantage
45
battle of leyte
u.s. destroy the remaining Japanese navy
46
battle of okinawa
350 miles from Tokyo
Would be launching pad for invasion of Japanese mainland
Japanese tactics
Hide in caves and launch assaults
Outcome: U.S. Victory
47
manhattan project
code name for the creation on the atomic bomb
48
holocaust
destruction or slaughter on a mass scale
mass execution of jews by hitler during ww2
49
yalta conference
met to discuss what to do with Germany
50
george f kennan
former us director of policy planning
51
fidel castro
captured havana capital of Cuba became dictator
52
rosenburgs
american couple executed for passing atomic secrets to soviet agents
53
nikita khrushchev
replaced stalin
54
joesph mccarthy
u.s. senator who falsely accused Americans having communist ties
55
alger hiss
u.s. government official accused of being a communist
56
john f kennedy
a democrat won a close presidential election in 1960 defeating republican richard nixon
57
great siocety
In the 1964 presidential election with barry goldwater lbj was re-elected
johnson used his popularity to call a great society that would end poverty and injustice
58
new frontier
a term for Kennedy’s proposals to resolve economic, educational, healthcare, and civil rights issues and to explore states
59
massive retaliation
us willingness to use nuclear force
60
eisenhower doctorine
us declared it would help to request any nation in the middle east trying to resist armed communist nation
61
johnson doctrine
the formal declaration of the intention of the united states to intervene in such affairs
62
programs for better world
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), the Works Progress Administration (WPA), the Civil Works Administration (CWA), the Farm Security Administration (FSA), the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 (NIRA) and the Social Security Administration (SSA)
63
roots of cold war
ww2
64
korean war
A conflict between north korea and south korea in which the united states along with other un countries, fought on the side of the south koreans while china fought on the side of the north koreans
65
effect of soviet hydrogen bomb
effect of the hydrogen bomb was that death was highly likely and radiation poisoning it wiped out cities and populations
66
cuban missile crisis
together leaked over 5,000 classified documents to british and us intelligence forces
american intelligence agency photographed the soviet nuclear missile installations in cuba
missiles threatened major cities in the us
67
warren commission
to investigate the assassination of president john fitzgerald kennedy
68
douglas mcaurthur
in charge of allied powers
69
sputnik one
October 4, 1957 184 lbs steel ball with transmitter launched into space
70
alliance for progress
economic cooperation between north and south america, particularly aimed at countering the perceived communist threat from cuba
71
hot spots for the cold war
germany, poland, greece, czechoslovakia, china, korea, vietnam, cuba
72
nasa
organization that coordinates the space related efforts and the military
73
medicare
grandparents help with drugs
74
martin luthur king jr
civil rights activist inspiring speech at a boycott meeting propelled him into the leadership of nonviolent civil rights movement
75
malcom x
a minster in the nation of islam which called for african americans to break from white society
he led the nation of islam until 1964. he was assassinated in 1965
76
medgar evers
who was instrumental in helping meredith gain admittance to “Ole Miss” was murdered in June 1969
77
earl warren
chief justice during brown vs board decision
78
thurgood marshall
led the NAACP legal team in Brown v.s. Board of Education
79
richard nixon
jfk defeated him in election race repaced lbj in office first president to resign from office
80
vietnamization
of the war which would transfer front-line fighting to South Vietnamese
81
pacification
“win the hearts and minds” of the south vietnamese people by calming or pacifying them
82
geneva conference
are four treaties, and three additional protocols, that establish international legal standards for humanitarian treatment in war.
83
little rock nine
when nine African American students tried to enter Central High the governor had the National Guard stop them
84
rosa parks
was arrested for giving up her seat to a white person
This sparked a boycott to integrate public transportation
The black community walked or carpooled to rather take public transport
85
24th amendment
prohibiting any poll tax in elections for federal officials.
86
black panthers
was a militant group organized to protect blacks from police abuse
87
freedom rides
to protest segregation on the interstate transportation system
88
freedom summer
the summer of 1954 the SNCC enlisted 1,000 volunteers to help african americans in the south to vote
Three campaign volunteers were murdered but other volunteers were not deterred
From this effort the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP) was formed as an alternative to the all white state democratic party
88
de jure segeration
in south segregation required by law
89
de facto segeration
In the north
Discrimination in housing
Discrimination in employment
Only low-paying jobs were available
90
domino theory
which said that if Vietnam became communist it’s closest neighbors would follow
91
gulf of tonkin
North Vietnam attacked a US destroyer in the Gulf of Tonkin
92
operation rolling thunder
was to Americanize the war effort
The US would use it’s superior war technology to win conflict quickly
93
ho chi minh trail
suppy trail between north and south vietnam
94
tet offensive
a coordinated series of North Vietnamese attacks on more than 100 cities and outposts in South Vietnam
95
search and destroy
inserting ground forces into hostile territory, searching out the enemy, destroying them, and withdrawing immediately afterward
96
vietcong strategies in vietnam
retreating when the enemy attacked; raiding enemy camps; attacking the enemy when they were tired and pursuing the enemy when they retreated
97
nixon vietnam strategies
Publicly Nixon advocated the Vietnamization of the war which would transfer front-line fighting to South Vietnamese
Secretly Nixon ordered the bombing of the Ho Chi Minh Trail in Cambodia to reduce flow of supplies
Extended the war with a ground attack by U.S. soldiers on North Vietnamese bases in Cambodia
98
my lai massacre
U.S. soldiers searching for Vietcong in the village of My Lai had killed hundreds of unarmed civilians
99
pentagon papers
The report revealed that American leaders had lied to Congress and failed to inform the public fully about the American involvement in Vietnam
