History final exam trimester 3 Flashcards
inventor of the steam engine
James Watt
as the industrial revolution took hold, ___ industries, in which people made goods in their homes, declined
cottage
true/false: cities became very crowded during the Industrial Revolution
true
new class that arose during the Industrial Revolution
working / middle class
five things a factory needs
1) workers
2) machinery
3) investors
4) export goods to market
5) power source
scientist who came up with the theory of natural selection
Charles Darwin
“capital” refers to…
money
As the Industrial Revolution, __ was needed to build railroad tracks and machinery
iron
aggressive preparation for war
militarism
a friendly agreement between two countries
alliance
a feeling that people have of being loyal to and proud of their country
nationalism
occurs when a government uses its colonies to make goods, and then sells those goods
imperialism
group that assassinated Archduke Ferdinand
Black Hand
type of war in which one side tries to wear the other side down with constant attacks
war of attrition
war in which opposing sides attack and defend from permanent systems dug into the ground
trench warfare
a war that involves an entire population and country
total war
the act of getting troops ready for war
mobilization
his plan was for Britain to fight a two-front war
Schlieffen
occurred when European armies attacked US trade ships during World War I –> led the US to join the war
unrestricted submarine warfare
why Russia fell out of World War I
Russian Revolution
peace treaty between Russia and Germany, allowing Russia out of World War I
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
treaty that ended World War I
Treaty of Versailles
two countries that took the blame for World War I
Germany and Austria
occurs when a group or government uses communication to influence the opinions of the people
propaganda
Russian communists
Bolsheviks
type of government that controls every aspect of a country and its economy and society
totalitarian
allowing a country to officially rule another country without owning it
mandate
Italian fascist leader
Mussolini
German fascist leader
Hitler
Russian communist leader during World War II
Stalin
agreement between Mussolini and the Church, giving Italy official recognition, and giving the Church land and independence
Lateran Accords
Mussolini’s armed militia
Blackshirts
Hitler’s armed secret police
SS
Stalin’s armed secret police
Gestapo
German law that gave Hitler extra power as the leader
Enabling Act
a night of violence and broken glass from the windows of synagogues, homes, and Jewish-owned businesses
Kristallnacht
Hitler was trusted by the Germans because he helped to end an ___ ___
economic depression
period of time when economics are suffering
depression
a plan to reduce the amount of money Germany had to pay as war reparations
Dawes plan
forcing private farmers to give their land to the government
collectivization
Russian leader after World War I who strongly influenced Communism
Lenin
living space that Germans believed they needed for their people
lebensraum
Nazi leisure activities, German for “Strength through Joy”
Kraft durch Freude
