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History Final Flashcards

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0
Q

Constitution

A

September 17 1788
States the rights and privileges Americans have
Arranges the government’s privileges
States the rules of America’s democracy

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1
Q

Revolutionary war

A

1776-1783
A war between America and Britain
Fought to gain America’s independence from Britain’s rule

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2
Q

Powers of each branch

A

Executive branch- president makes federal laws, in charge of foreign policies, commands armed forces, chief law enforcement officer
Legislative Branch- Congress- House of Representatives and senate. The two pass laws, impeach officials, and approve treaties
Judicial Branch- Supreme Court- reviews laws, and decides cases involving states’ rights

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3
Q

Bill of rights

A

First 10 amendments of the constitution (1791).

Limit the powers of the federal government

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4
Q

Preamble

A

We the people in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare and secure the blessings of liberty, to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish the constitution, for the United States of America.

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5
Q

Industrial Revolution- positive and negative effects

A

Positive- Economic boom, created more jobs for poor people

Negative- factory conditions were awful, small companies lost their work

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6
Q

Vertical integration

A

A company owns all different businesses it depends on for operation

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7
Q

Horizontal Integration

A

Combining money firms doing the same type of business

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8
Q

Factory conditions during. The industrial revolution

A

Dangerous, lost limbs, long hours, low pay

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9
Q

Patent

A

An exclusive right to sell inventions

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10
Q

Separate but equal

A

Plessy vs. ferguson case 1896
Homer Plessy was 1/8 black. He refused to give up his seat to a white person and was arrested. The case reached supreme the court and they ruled that segregation was okay, as long as all are equal

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11
Q

Ellis Island

A

1892-1954
Island in NY by the statue if liberty
Receiving and processing center for immigrants
Interviewed, examined, and sometimes deported immigrants
2% of immigrants were deported
12 million went through

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12
Q

19th amendment

A

1900- women gained the right to vote

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13
Q

Spanish American war

A

US and Cuba against Spain
1898-1901
Cuba fighting for their independence

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14
Q

Teddy Roosevelt

A

Leader of the rough riders (American troops who charged up San Juan hill and defeated he Spanish in war
26th president
Trust buster
Created the Panama Canal

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15
Q

Muckrakers

A

Journalists who wrote about the corrupt side of businesses and public life

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16
Q

Zimmerman note

A

January 19 1917
Tipping point for US- telegram from Germany to Mexico
British intercepted it and decoded
It said: if Mexico joined the war on Germany’s side, Germany will give you back the land that US took from mexico

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17
Q

Airplanes in WWI

A

Mostly scouting airplanes

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18
Q

Civilians’ roles during WWI

A

Gasless Sundays, Lightless nights
Food administration: Hoover ran it: meatless day, sweet less day, wheat less day, etc- tripled the food to allies
US completely about supporting the troops

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19
Q

Amendment 1

A

Petition
Religion
Assembly
Press speech

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20
Q

Amendment 2

A

Right bear arms

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21
Q

Amendment 3

A

The right to protect from quartering soldiers

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22
Q

Amendment 4

A

Search and seizure

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23
Q

No man’s land

A

The area between trenches where no soldier wanted to be

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24
Causes of WWI
``` Secret Alliances/rivalries Nationalism Growth of military War was glorified Competition between European countries over global colonies Resource issues ```
25
Big four
Woodrow Wilson- USA George Clemenceau- France David Lloyd George- Britain Vittorio Orlando- Italy
26
League of Nations
Wilson's 14th point Made treaties and peace 42 countries joined righty away
27
Treaty of Versailles
Treaty that officially ended WWI Demilitarized Germany Established 9 new nations that split up the Ottoman Empire Germany could only have 100,000 soldiers Guilt-war clause Signed on June 28 1919
28
The great migration
More than 6 million African Americans moved from rural southern places to the north for a better life which created a lot of riots and uncomfort
29
Years of WWI
1914-1919
30
Lusitania
May 7 1915 German U-boat sunk a British liner 1198 people died- 128 Americans Americans protested but still didn't want to go to war
31
"The Jungle"
Written by Upton Sinclair A book about immigrant's lives and the working conditions during the progressive area What really was going on in factories in the 1920s
32
John T Scopes
"Scopes trial" Tested the law- July 1925 William Jennings Brian- against scopes Clarence Darrow- for scopes Scopes was a teacher and taught his students about evolution Found guilty and was found guilty withs fine of $100
33
Flappers
``` 20's women Embraced new fashion and attitudes Close-fitting felt hats, short hair, lipstick, pumps, beads Smoke and drank in public Charleston, fox trot, tango Started working more Brith control ```
34
The Harlem Renaissance
Harlem, New York "capital of Black America" Cultural movement starting in 1919 Jazz music, art, etc
35
Black Tuesday
October 29 1929 | U.S. Stock Market crashes and causes the Great Depression
36
Great Depression years
1939-1939
37
Unemployment during the Great Depression
Unemployment reached 25% | People created shanty towns and Hoovervilles
38
Dust bowl
1930-1936- severe drought Large dark clouds of dust everywhere Millions of acres were affected A major factor to the Great Depression
39
Fireside chats
Franklin Roosevelt would sit and talk through the radio once a week and in a way comfort American citizens He would make citizens feel like he was talking directly to them
40
The new deal
Programs to help pull America out of the Great Depression Job creation for the unemployed through public work projects Federal assistance to people who had lost houses, jobs, etc Agricultural and manufacturing assistance for troubled factories and farmers Stricter banking regulations Investments
41
FDR
32nd president Created the New Deal Fireside chats President during Great Depression
42
WWII causes
Treaty of Versailles Balkan Peninsula Hitler broke the Munich pact The non-Agression pact between USSR and Germany
43
D-DAY and the 5 beaches of Normandy
June 6 1944 5:30 AM Navy bombarded coast of France Hitler was prepared at another spot (Calais) Greatest achievement of war 5 beaches: Omaha, Sword, Gold, Utah, Juno
44
Holocaust
"Slaughter on a mass scale" Started with Kristallnacht- night of broken glass Mass genocide of Jews and other minorities at death and concentration camps 11 million people were killed 6 million jews killed
45
Final solution
Extermination of all Jews | Hitler
46
Josef Mengele
Twin scientist during the | holocaust
47
Baby boom
After all the soldiers came home from WWII they had children and it was the biggest generation in American history
48
Civil Rights act
March on Washington | July 2 1964- LBJ signs the civil rights act
49
Little rock
Little Rock, Arkansas Governed Orval Faubus supported segregation 9 African Americans volunteered to desegregate Central High School Trailed by an angry mob 1957- Faubus sent in the national guard then closed the school for the rest of the year Televised
50
March on Washington
August 28 1963 250,000 people marched from the Washington monument to the Lincoln monument- wanted to pass civil rights act MLK gave "I have a dream" speech
51
MLK
January 15 1929-April 4 1968 Became a pastor and a civil rights leader Youngest man to win the Nobel peace prize Arrested over 20 times Symbolic leader for equality Shot and killed April 4 1968 in Memphis Tennessee by James Earl Ray
52
Rosa parks
December 1 1955 Rosa parks sat in the front of a segregated bus and refused to give up her seat to a white man She was arrested Outrage
53
Korean War
North Korea: communist, supported by USSR, industrial based South Korea: democratic, agriculturally based, US supported June 25 1950- North Korea invaded South Korea- Eisenhower sends aircraft and naval support to South July 1953- armistice signed
54
Bay of Pigs
JFK used fleeing exiles (from Fidel castro's dictatorship in Cuba) to attack Cuba and stop communism Cuba was ready and captured or killed all exiles Huge embarrassment to US
55
Cuban missile crisis
October 1962- US realized that Cuba had missiles pointed straight at them America put a quarantine down so that USSR couldn't get their supplies to Cuba, so Cuba removes the missiles
56
Sputnik
First spacecraft sent into space by USSR
57
Red scare
Americans afraid of communism | People started to be investigated for communist ways
58
Berlin blockade
Separates east and West Berlin | People risked their lives to get over the wall to prosperity
59
Harry Truman
33rd president | During Korean War
60
Dwight Eisenhower
first a commander for d-day | Then became 34th president
61
JFK
35 president | Shot and killed November 22 1963
62
Joseph McCarthy
Republican senator- not popular Began accusing people of being communist Bullied people on trial but had no real evidence Public lost respect for him
63
Lee Harvey oswald
Murdered JFK
64
Iron Curtain
Barrier by USSR to separate not communist countries from them
65
China
Mao Ze Dong-leader of the communists- won | After WWII the Cold War started up again
66
Robert McNamara
Leader of the Vietnam war | Secretary of defense
67
Fidel Castro
Communist Leader of Cuba | Became leader in 1959
68
Vietnam war years
1964-1973
69
Gulf of Tonkin resolution
August 4 1964 LBJ asks congress to pass it Have president more power
70
Vietcong
Group of communists in South Korea hiding who supported the north
71
Richard Nixon
Wanted to turn US more conservative | Wanted support from southern whites so he tried to slow down desegregation of schools
72
Election if 1980
Republicans: Ronald Reagan-40th Democrats: jimmy carter
73
Ronald Reagan
Wanted to lower taxes, traditional values, and strengthen national defense Large tax cuts Unemployment went down and stock market went up 69 days into presidency he was shot but not killed
74
Sandra Day O'Connor
First woman to Supreme Court-1981
75
Sally ride
1st woman in space- 1983
76
Rodney king
``` March 3 1991 Fleeing officers in speeding car Beaten brutally- taped by a bystander Only two of the cops were convicted Riots broke out in anger- 51 killed ```
77
Challenger explosion
January 28 1986 NASA mission Christa Mcauliffe- teacher that died
78
Berlin Wall opening
November 9 1989 | Separated for 28 years
79
Mikhail Gorbachev
1985 | Overthrown in 1991
80
AIDS
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome | No cure
81
Election of 1992
Republicans: George H.W. bush- 168 votes Democrats: Bill Clinton-357 votes
82
Columbine high school
Tuesday April 20 1999 | 12 students killed and 1 teacher
83
World Trade Center bombing
February 26 1993 Car bomb went off Killed 6, 1042 injured, By al-Quadea
84
Oklahoma City bombing
April 19 1995 Federal building first 2 floors was a daycare 168 killed, 18 kids Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols
85
Operation desert storm
1990-1991 August 22 1990- Iraq invades Kuwait Jan 16 1991- Air Force attack on Iraq Feb 23 1991- ground attacks on Iraq
86
Watergate
June 17 1972 5 men caught trying to break into the democratic headquarters Wanted to take democratic info and bug the area Nixon was responsible
87
Bob Woodard and Carl Bernstein-
Washington post reporters that revealed info on watergate
88
William Mark Felt
Secret person telling newspeople info about watergate
89
Election of 2000
Democrats- Al gore | Republicans- George W Bush
90
Lloyd benson
Senator | "Senator, you're no jack Kennedy."
91
William McKinley
25 | 1887-1901
92
Theodore Roosevelt
26 | 1901-1909
93
William Taft
27 | 1909-1913
94
Woodrow Wilson
28 | 1913-1921
95
Warren Harding
29 | 1921-1923
96
Calvin Coolidge
30 | 1923-1929
97
Herbert Hoover
31 | 1929-1933
98
Franklin Roosevelt
32 | 1933-1945
99
Harry Truman
33 | 1945-1953
100
Dwight D Eisenhower
34 | 1953-1961
101
John Kennedy
35 | 1961-1963
102
Lyndon Johnson
36 | 1963-1969
103
Richard Nixon
37 | 1969-1974
104
Gerald Ford
38 | 1974-1977
105
Jimmy carter
39 | 1977-1981
106
Ronald Reagan
40 | 1981-1989
107
George HW Bush
41 | 1989-1993
108
Bill Clinton
42 | 1993-2001
109
George W Bush
43 | 2001-2009
110
Barack Obama
2009-present
111
Amendment 5
No one has to answer for a capital unless they are In legal process No one can be killed, injured, or have their land/freedom taken away without government involvement
112
Amendment 6
If someone commits a crime, the will have a trial where the crime was committed but he/she is allowed to have a witness and a lawyer in his/her defense
113
Amendment 7
When the "value In controversy" goes passed $20 the case is closed and nothing can be reexamined or charged.
114
Amendment 8
No huge bails, fines, or extremely bad punishments are allowed
115
Amendment 9
The government can't say that the Bill of Rights people have.
116
Amendment 10
The thing that doesn't belong to the national government and that isn't prohibited by the constitution in the states are given to the people

History Final (1 decks)

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