History Final Flashcards
0
Q
How many years ago was Dinwiddie’s letter written?
A
260 years ago
1
Q
What was Dinwiddie (and the French king) requiring?
What does that mean?
A
Durable peace and departure
&
Leave without conflict
2
Q
How did Saint-Pierre treat G. Washington?
A
With respect
3
Q
How was the French Reply singed at the end?
Why?
A
“Very humble”
&
To show respect
4
Q
How long was the trip taken by G. Washington to get to Fort LeBoueff?
A
1 in a half months
5
Q
What did Ben. Franklin learn from the Iroquois?
A
About the Government
6
Q
What was Ben. Franklins true obsession
A
Working with electricity
7
Q
How did Ben. Franklin almost kill himself
A
Trying to electrocute a turkey
8
Q
What did Ben. Franklin do with the colonial postal system
A
Made it more efficient
9
Q
What book did Ben. Franklin publish
A
Poor Richards almanac
10
Q
How many British soldiers were killed and wounded in “Braddock”
A
500 killed & 500 wounded
11
Q
How many French and Indians died in “The Braddock Expedition”
A
528
12
Q
How many men were in Braddocks army
A
2,100 men
13
Q
Where did Braddock first cross the Mon. River at ?
A
McKeesport- Duquesne Bridge
14
Q
Where did Braddock cross the Mon. River the second time?
A
Kennywood Park
15
Q
Where was Braddock buried? (Trek To Fort Duquesne)
&
Why?
A
In here middle of the road
&
To prevent the Indians from desecrating his corpse
16
Q
What did the French do to Fort Duquesne
A
Blew it up
17
Q
What fort did the British eventually build at the forks of Ohio ?
A
Fort Pitt
18
Q
What happened to Fort Pitt in 1763
&
Why
A
It was placed under attack
&
The peace treaty ended
19
Q
Explain the Sugar Act
Year:
A
- 1764
- taxed molasses,wine,liquor,syrup,ect
- made people mad
20
Q
Explain the Stamp Act
Year:
A
- 1765
- taxed wills,diplomas,marriage papers, newspaper, birth certificate (legal papers)
- paid for extra troops on the imaginary line
21
Q
Explain the Townshend Acts
Year:
A
- 1767
- taxed glass, paper, paint, lead, and tea
- taxes were low, but colonists still objected
22
Q
Explain the Quartering Act
Year:
A
- 1767
- had to provide housing, candles, bedding, soldiers, and beating
23
Q
Explain the Tea Act
Year:
A
- 1773
- still protested
- tea cut off the trade
24
Explain the Intolerable Acts
| Year:
- 1774
- harsh
- people couldn't leave
- no tents in Boston
25
What did Ethan Allen do that was so important for the was effort against England
Ethan Allen & The Green Mountain Boys attack Fort Ticonderoga, take all their cannons and take them to Boston
26
What did the 2nd meeting of the continental congress result in
G. Washington was voted to approve him as commander
27
What was sent to the King to try and seek a peaceful resolution
Olive Branch Petition
28
What did the King so with the "Olive Branch Petition"
Rejected it
29
Who won the first battle of the revolutionary war? (Battle of Bunker Hill)
The British
30
What did Thomas Pain do?
Urged colonists to declare their independence
31
What did Thomas Paine write about in his book
Colonists didn't owe loyalty
32
Who was on the committee to draft a declaration
J. Adams, Ben. Franklin, T. Jefferson, Rob. Livingston, & Roger Sherman
33
Who wrote the declaration
&
Why
Thomas Jefferson
&
Because he wrote clearly and gracefully
34
What formally happen on 7/4/1776
Accepted Thomas Jefferson Declaration of Independence
35
Who was John Hancock
&
What did he do
President of continental congress
&
Made a few minor changes to the Declaration of Independence
36
What are the parts of the Declaration of Independence
```
Preamble
Natural Rights
British Wrongs
&
Independence
```
37
What do the "Natural Rights" stated in the declaration mean
Protect rights and liberties
38
What do the "British Wrongs" I the declaration mean
Wrongs committed by the British
39
What did the last part of the Declaration state (independence)
Colonies had become the United States Of America and we were independent
40
In the preamble of the declaration why did the Americanswant to leave England
Treated wrong
41
What were the Americans now calling their colonies (declaration)
United States of America
42
What is the constitution
A document that sets out laws and principles of a government
43
What was the first American constitution called
The article of confederation
44
Where was the constitutional convention held
Philadelphia
45
When was the confederation held
May 25,1778
46
What was the 3/5 compromise
If a state has 5,000 slaves, 3,000 would be counted as part of the population
47
What was the great compromise
Each side had to give up some demands for the good of the country
48
What is whiskey made from
Corn
49
What are 3 ways whiskey was used during the whiskey rebellion
1. to drink
2. medicine use
3. medium of exchange
50
On what day did the Whiskey Rebellion begin
March 3, 1791
51
What 3 places did the whiskey rebellion spread to besides western Pennsylvania
Virginia, Kentucky, Carolina's
52
The whiskey rebellion officially ended on _________________.
November 13, 1794
53
What happens in France in the early 1790s
King Louis XVI and his wife were beheaded
54
How many rooms did g. Washing tons mansion have
21
55
" I was Lt. Governor of Virginia in 1753"
Dinwiddie
56
" I build Fort Necessity and then surrendered it"
G. Washington
57
" Washington buried me in the road and marched my army over me "
Gen. Edward Braddock
58
"I worked for the Ohio Company and posted England's claim to lands in the Ohio River Valley using lead plates and carvings on rock"
Christopher Gist
59
Fort that the French built at the point
Fort Duquesne
60
Washington and Gist were sent to do this in 1753
Deliver a message to Saint Pierre
61
Where did Braddock first cross the Monongahela River
Where Duquesne-Mckeesport bridge is
62
What did France use it's land for (French and Indian war)
Fur trapping/trading
63
Where were the first shots of the French and Indian war fought at?
Jumonville Glen
64
Who won the battle of Fort Necessity
The French
65
This ended the French and Indian war and also gave the English and the Spanish huge areas of land
Treaty of Paris
66
This General led the British to take Fort Duquesne
John Forbes
67
Who was unanimously voted to lead the new military during the Continental Congress meeting
G. Washington
68
Wrote Common Sense which led to the creation of the US.
Thomas Paine
69
Boston Lawyer who defended the British soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre
John Adams
70
Who was the head of the Continental Congress and signed the Declaration first and foremost
John Hancock
71
A very upfront man who was the head of the "sons of liberty"
Sam Adams
72
Who made a market out of trading
Marco Polo
73
Had 3 ships (Pinta, Santa Maria, Nina)
Christopher Columbus
74
Led a Spanish fleet into the caribbean
C.Columbus
75
Created the "Columbian Exchange"
C.Columbus
76
Reached America in 1492 & thought he reached the East Indies
C. Columbus
77
Got money to sail from Queen Isabella and the King from Spain
C. Columbus
78
1607-> 105 colonists showed up in Virginia
| Named it ____________.
Jamestown
79
Jamestown->
| Finally started doing good in 1612 ...why?
Started selling tobacco
80
In 1215 they forced king john to sign the __________ __________.
Manga Carta
81
In the 1620 pilgrims sailed for Americas ......what did they want?
To practice religion freely
82
September 1620; more than 100 men, women, and children set sail on _____________________.
The Mayflower
83
Who founded the colony of Pennsylvania in 1682.
William Penn
84
Middle colonies: valleys had _______&________
Rich and fertile soils
85
Middle colonies: milder ___________ than in New England
Winters
86
Different groups who settled in the middle colonies had their own ways of build.
________ settlers introduced log cabins
________ used red bricks to build houses
_________ settlers developed wood burning stove--> heated homes better than a fireplace
1) Swedish
2) Dutch
3) German
87
1700s--> thousands of Germans and Scotch-Irish settlers arrived in _____________
Philadelphia
88
The Backcountry was very _______________.
Dangerous
89
What years wee the Middle Ages
500A.D - 1350
90
What happened at Jumonville Glen
First shots of the French and Indian war were fired
91
What fort was suppost to be build instead of Fort Pitt
Fort Mercer
92
England is in massive debt after the__________________________
French & Indian war
93
On March 5, 1770 what happened
The boston massacre
94
Who defended troops when the boston massacre happened
John Adams
95
December 16, 1773 there was a letter sent demanding ships to stay in the harbor and not deliver the tea....what is this know as
The Boston tea party
96
April 19, 1755 ...300 men fighting = ____________________
Shot heard around the world
97
Who warned troops that the British were leaving boston
Paul rivière
98
Where did the "shit heard around the world" happened
Lexington and concord
99
Loyalist=
| Patriot=
British side
| Against British
100
How many people died during the boston massacre
5 lay dead or dying
101
What did the treaty of Paris result in
United States of America = free and independent nation
102
Articles of confederation were very___________!!!
WEAAAK
103
agreement between large and small states reached during the Philadelphia Convention of 1787 is know as what?
The great compromise
104
What date was the constitution accepted & signed
9/17/1787
105
Who was in the executive branch
The president and cabinet
106
Who was in the legislative branch
Congress (House of Representatives)
107
Who is in the judicial branch
All courts
108
John Adams was the ______ president
2nd
109
T. Jefferson was a D___________ R__________
Democratic Republican
110
Lewis and Clark's expedition took _______ months
28
111
Andrew Jackson was known as a __________ __________ _________.
Native American killer
112
1814 ...England defeats France in the war of_________.
1812
113
Anything made out of cloth is called _________
Textile
114
Cotton is very popular in the _______
South
115
A lot of factories were being build in the _________
North
116
What did Ellie Whitney do?
Made machines to to harvest cotton
117
The Erie Canal was _______ miles long
350
118
The Erie cancel connected the Hudson River to ________________, the Great Lakes connected to _______________, & Hudson River connects to ________________.
Lake Erie
Hudson River
Atlantic Ocean
119
What year was the national road built
1806
120
The nation road went through ___________________, through ________________, and take you very far west
Cumberland Maryland
&
Pittsburgh
121
What was the spoils system
Gave jobs in the government to friends / family
122
Mexicans said no more American settler....what was this called?
ALAMO
123
During the civil war...
North=
South=
No slaves
| Slaves!
124
How many people did you need to become a state
60,000
125
Who fires the first shots of the civil war
The confederates
126
What were the 4 states in the north that were aloud slavery
Montana, Kentucky, Maryland, Delaware
127
What happened in July of 1861
Battle of bull run
128
If you were drafted to fighting in the civil war.. How could you get out of it?
By paying $300.00 and having a replacement to fight for you
129
Where was the biggest battle fought at in the civil war
Gettysburg Pennsylvania
130
Who wins at the battle in Gettysburg
The union
131
How many dead/wounded at the battle in Gettysburg
50,000
132
"I was leading my men to to find G. Washington when we fell asleep in the woods outside Uniontown and were attacked by G.Washington the next morning"
Jumonville
133
Spain=___________________
French=_______________
English=________________
Gold
Furs
Farming
134
What was the northwest passage
A water way through/around North America
135
" I was the road that first led Europeans to Asia where they would discover silk, spices, and gold"
Silk Road
136
How many parts did the Declaration of Independence have?
4
137
Who won the battle of Saratoga
The Americans
138
What treaty made the United States an independent nation
Treaty of Paris
139
How many branches must agree for something to go through
2
140
What does "2 out of 3 must agree" mean?
2 branches out of 3 must agree
141
Where was Fort McHenry located
Baltimore
142
Who bombed Fort McHenry?
The British
143
What religion were the Pilgrims
Separatists
144
Who was General Lee?
Leader of the south
145
When did the battle of bunker hill happen
June 6, 1775
146
What year was the Declaration of Independence written
1776
147
How much money did they spend for the Louisiana purchase?
15 million
148
Thomas Jefferson was the _________ president
3rd
148
______________ ______________ was responsible for the Louisiana purchase
Thomas Jefferson
