History Final Flashcards
Who was the first president under the new Constitution?
George Washington
Who makes up the president’s cabinet?
The Vice President and the departments
How many amendments are in the Bill of Rights?
10
What were the functions of the new Bank of the United States created by Congress?
The bank let the government borrow money and store it.
What are taxes on imports called?
Tariff
What was the protest called when an armed mob in Pennsylvania attacked tax collectors over a new tax passed by Congress in 1791?
Whiskey Rebellion
What was the British practice of impressment that angered many Americans in the late 1790s?
The British forcefully invaded American ships.
What advice did Washington give the nation in his Farewell Address?
He feared the splitting of a nation with political parties.
What were the beliefs of the Federalists led by Alexander Hamilton?
Federalists believed in a strong national government.
What were the beliefs of the Democratic-Republicans led by Thomas Jefferson?
The Democratic-Republicans believed that the states should have more power.
Who became the second president of the United States after George Washington left office?
John Adams
What is sedition?
Not to start an uprising against authority.
Why did the Federalist-controlled Congress pass the Alien and Sedition Acts in the late 1790s?
Many Europeans that immigrated believed the ideals of the French Revolution.
How was the tie in the Electoral College for the election of 1800 resolved?
The House of Representatives chose the President(Thomas Jefferson).
In what ways did Thomas Jefferson’s Republican administration affect the government?
Jefferson wanted a capital and believed the federal government should not have extreme power.
Who was John Marshall?
John Marshall was the fourth Chief Justice of the United States of America and had a great impact on freedom.
Which European powers had a strong presence in the middle of the North American continent during Jefferson’s presidency?
France and Great Britain
Why did farmers need access to the Mississippi River?
To transport crops to markets.
Why was the Louisiana Purchase such a significant event for the young United States?
The Louisiana Purchase was a significant event for the young United States because it let Americans expand further west and gain land.
How was the personal feud between Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr resolved?
Aaron Burr dueled Alexander Hamilton resulting in Hamilton’s death and Aaron Burr fleading.
What caused the U.S. war with Tripoli during the Jefferson presidency?
Tripoli asked for money to enter their waters and America refused, so Tripoli raged war. (Piracy)
How did the United States respond to the British attack on the Chesapeake in the early 1800s?
Congress passed the Embargo act banning trade with Britain and other countries.
The War of 1812 was fought between the United States and _______________.
Great Britain
Why was the Battle of Lake Champlain significant?
It was an important American victory because it saved New York and the Hudson river from Britain.
Who commanded American forces during the Battle of New Orleans?
Andrew Jackson led forces through the Battle of New Orleans.
How did Americans respond to winning the War of 1812?
This helped Americans gain confidence and patriotism as well as wanting to expand west.
What features characterized the Industrial Revolution in the United States?
Power was being created from water power and there were many rivers to have the power to create factories in the U.S.
Which industry was the first to harness the innovations of the Industrial Revolution?
Textile Industry
What are important features of capitalism?
Its motive to make profit.
What effect did the increase in cotton production, brought about by the invention of the cotton gin, have on the southern states?
This increased the South’s demand for slaves and land as well as it brought them great wealth.
Who was the explorer and pioneer who helped build trails and roads through the Appalachian Mountains in the late 1700s?
Daniel Boone
What advantage did steamboats have over traditional water vessels, such as barges or sailing ships?
It reduced the time and expense for shipping goods to distant markets.
What was the American System?
An economical plan to make the U.S. economically self-reliant and less dependent on Europe, especially Great Britain.
What is a tariff ?
A tax on imported/exported goods.
Why did many Americans view sectionalism as a threat?
They believed it would divide the nation and result in conflict.
The Missouri Compromise of 1820, introduced by _________, helped maintain balance between free states and slave states.
Henry Clay
How did the Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819 change the boundaries of the United States?
It defined western limits of Louisiana Purchase and Spain surrendered its claims to the Pacific Northwest.
What was a guiding principle to come out of the Monroe Doctrine?
To separate spheres of influence for the Americas and Europe. It told Europeans to stay away.
Along with the United States, which nations claimed parts of the Oregon Country in the mid-1800s?
Great Britain and Spain.
Which term is used to name the fur trappers who first explored and lived in the Oregon Country?
Mountain Men.
