History Final Flashcards
Enlightenment
A European movement in the late 17th and 18th centuries, that pushed reason and individualism rather than tradition. Was influenced by many philosophers. Significant because it changed people’s ways of thinking and life.
Haitian Revolution
Lasted from 1789 to 1803. First revolts started in Saint Domingue. Slavery was abolished in all French colonies, but was reestablished when Napoleon takes over. Dessalines declares independence of Haiti in 1803. Significant because it led to France and the United States agreeing to the Louisiana Purchase.
Melaka
A hub of traders, artisans, sailors, strategically located to the proximity of Malaysian tropical produce, herbs, spices, and agrarian stapes.
Reconquista
Centuries-long series of battles by Christian states to try to expel Muslims who ruled most of the Iberian Peninsula.
Silk Road
Many different routes of trade that emerged over centuries and connected different people, and different settlements throughout Afro-Eurasia, making it easy for everyone to trade with each other.
Christopher Columbus
Explorer who sailed in 1492 and found the Americas, and who opened up widespread European exploration and colonialism of the Americas
African Slave Trade
17th and 18th centuries people from Africa were shipped and traded to many different parts of the world to work, essential to prosperity of Eruopes American colonies, depopulated and destabilized many parts of Africa.
Colombian Exchange
In 1492, as Europeans traveled the Atlantic, they brought with them plants like wheat, rye, sugar, and rice, animals like horses, pigs, cattle, and diseases like malaria, yellow fever, and smallpox that changed lives and landscapes on both sides of the ocean.
Colonialism
The physical act of setting up colonies or territories in another country like settler colonies, exploitation colonies, surrogate colonies, internal colonies.
Partition of Africa
In1885 Africa was broken up into more than 50 different colonies, all caused by the rapid spread of New Imperialism.
Total War
World War I (1914-1918) became a defensive stalemate, trench warfare on the western front, open warfare on the eastern, many deaths, no restriction on weapons, civilians involved.
Holocaust
During WWII victims included Jews, Ethnic Poles, Soviet POWs, Roma, Serbs, gay men, the disabled, political opponents. They were held in camps and slaughtered by Germany, Hitler and the Nazis.
Third World
Called the global south, countries or nations are considered this because of weak economics, limits to autonomy, non aligned movements, liberal, statist, or communist models of modernity.
Cold War
Started in 1947, a war between the United States and Soviet Union, and their respective allies where no actually fighting took place, but each nation was gearing up for war, and was basically a massive bluffing battle
Opium Wars
Mid 19th century were wars between China and Great Britain were fought because the British were smuggling Opium from their Indian colonies into Chinese ports against the wishes of the Chinese government. The 2nd war started because China seized a suspected pirate ship that was registered as a British merchant vessel.
