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History Final Flashcards

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1
Q

How did the 1935 Nuremberg Laws impact the status of German Jews?

A

They were deprived of their citizenship

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2
Q

New Deal legislation was introduced by which U.S. President?

A

Franklin Delano Roosevelt

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3
Q

How did Adolf Hitler and the Nazi’s gain control of the German government in 1933?

A

By burning down the German Parliament and blaming the Communists

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4
Q

Under Soviet collectivization, all farmland was owned by whom?

A

The Soviet government

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5
Q

How did Stalin maintain his power in the Soviet Union?

A

By killing his political opponents

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6
Q

Which political movement was established by Benito Mussolini?

A

Fascism

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7
Q

Name three groups established by Roosevelt under his New Deal legislation.

A

CCC, TVA, WPA

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8
Q

How did the kulaks (Soviet Peasants) respond to the Soviet collectivization movement?

A

They destroyed their crops and farm animals

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9
Q

Which event led to the destruction of thousands of Jewish businesses and synagogues?

A

Kristallnacht

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10
Q

Why did the majority of Italians support Benito Mussolini in the 1920s?

A

He brought order to Italy and stopped the Communists

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11
Q

What was the goal of Stalin’s Five Year Plans?

A

To industrialize the Soviet Union

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12
Q

What was the leading cause of the Stock Market Crash of 1929?

A

Too many people bought stocks “on margin”

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13
Q

Why did many Germans feel betrayed by the Weimar Republic?

A

They signed the Treaty of Versailles

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14
Q

What event led to the start of World War II?

A

The German invasion of Poland

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15
Q

What does D-Day refer to?

A

The Allied invasion of Normandy, France

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16
Q

Upon what city was the second atomic bomb ever used in warfare dropped?

A

Nagasaki

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17
Q

What nickname refers to the end of the war in the Pacific?

A

VJ Day

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18
Q

What does the “D” in D-Day mean?

A

Day

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19
Q

What nickname refers to the end of the war in Europe?

A

VE Day

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20
Q

What does the term Kamikaze describe?

A

It refers to Japanese suicide pilots

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21
Q

Why is December 7th, 1941 a significant date?

A

It was the day that the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawaii

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22
Q

Name three European regions that were acquired by Hitler before the start of WWII?

A

The Rhineland, The Sudetenland, and Austria

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23
Q

What was the Final Solution?

A

It was Germany’s plan to systematically kill all of the Jewish people of the world

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24
Q

Name three types of concentration camps run by the Nazis?

A

Labor camps, prison camps, death camps

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25
Q

Name three things that happened to Japanese-Americans during WWII

A

They were discriminated against, They were sent to relocation camps, They lost their homes and businesses

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26
Q

Why is June 6th, 1944 a significant date?

A

This was the day that Allies invaded the beaches of Normandy, France.

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27
Q

Why is September 1, 1939 a significant date?

A

This was the day that the Germans invaded Poland unprovoked resulting in the start of WWII.

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28
Q

Who advocated the policy of “appeasing” Hitler before the start of WWII?

A

Neville Chamberlain

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29
Q

Why did the Nazi’s put “Arbeit Macht Frei” above the gates of some of the Jewish concentration camps?

A

To give the Jews a false sense that they may regain their freedom

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30
Q

What was America’s attitude, before the attack of Pearl Harbor, toward getting involved in WWII?

A

America did not want to be involved in foreign affairs

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31
Q

What were John Steinbeck, James Joyce, and F. Scott Fitzgerald all known for being?

A

They were novelist/authors

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32
Q

What event marked the beginning of the Great Depression?

A

The Stock market Crash of 1929 (Black Tuesday)

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33
Q

Il Duce was the title of which of the following leaders?

A

Benito Mussolini

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34
Q

What term was used to identify the alliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan?

A

The Axis Powers

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35
Q

What was the goal of the U.S. isolationist policy after World War I?

A

That the U.S. stay out of foreign entanglements/affairs

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36
Q

Name three art movements from the early 20th century?

A

Cubism, Dadaism, Surrealism

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37
Q

What did Fascism promote and encourage?

A

extreme nationalism

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38
Q

What was the policy of appeasement?

A

Give Hitler what he wants to avoid a war

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39
Q

Why did Japan invade Manchuria?

A

To gain access to its iron and coal mines

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40
Q

What effect did the nonaggression pact between the Nazis and the Soviets have on the balance of power in Europe?

A

It allowed the Axis powers to attack without fear of the Soviets responding

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41
Q

What impact did the radio have on society after the end of World War I?

A

It united the country and helped to spread propaganda

42
Q

Why did millions of Germans turn against the leaders of the Weimar Republic?

A

They signed the Treaty of Versailles resulting in a struggling German economy

43
Q

What was the major cause of the collapse of the stock market?

A

Too many stocks were sold “on margin”

44
Q

What societal fear added to the appeal of Fascism in Italy and Germany?

A

The rise of Communism

45
Q

Why did Hitler target the Jewish population as scapegoats for all of Germany’s troubles?

A

To unite the German people against a common enemy

46
Q

Name three ways the Great Depression impacted the U.S.

A

Banks closed, unemployment rose, and businesses failed

47
Q

What does Mein Kampf mean?

A

My Struggle

48
Q

What was “Lebensraum”?

A

The Nazi invasion of neighboring regions to expand the German influence

49
Q

Which political party in Germany adopted fascism?

A

The Nazis

50
Q

Name three Axis powers that invaded other countries in the 1930s

A

Germany, Italy, and Japan

51
Q

Name three countries that belonged to the Axis Powers

A

Germany, Italy, and Japan

52
Q

Who was the leader of the Third Reich?

A

Adolf Hitler

53
Q

Who did Francisco Franco fight for?

A

Spanish rebel troops

54
Q

What prompted Great Britain and France to declare war on Germany?

A

The German invasion of Poland

55
Q

The German “blitzkrieg” was a military strategy that depended on what advantage?

A

Overwhelming the enemy defenses

56
Q

What crucial lesson was learned in the Battle of Britain?

A

That Hitler’s forces could be stopped

57
Q

What was significant about the Battle of Midway?

A

It was a turning point in control over the war in the Pacific against the Japanese

58
Q

What event occurred on the day described as “a date which will live in infamy”?

A

The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawaii

59
Q

Which of the following battles marked the final German offensive of World War II?

A

The Battle of the Bulge

60
Q

Where were atomic bombs dropped during World War II?

A

On the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

61
Q

What was the purpose of the Nuremberg Trials?

A

It was the prosecution of the Nazi war criminals

62
Q

What did the Allies’ strategy of “island hopping” in the Pacific involve?

A

Capture an island and cut off the supply lines to neighboring enemy islands

63
Q

What does the use of kamikaze pilots show about Japanese culture?

A

National honor was more important than individual lives

64
Q

What was the U.S. response to Japanese aggression in Southeast Asia in mid-1941?

A

The U.S. stopped trading oil and iron with the Japanese

65
Q

How did the Lend-Lease Act benefit the United States?

A

It allowed the U.S. to provide military supplies to the allies without joining the war

66
Q

How were the Holocaust and Hitler’s “Final Solution” related?

A

These are two terms used to describe the systematic elimination of the Jewish population on Earth

67
Q

Why were thousands of U.S. citizens put in internment camps during the war?

A

They were of Japanese descent and were mislabeled the enemy by the U.S. government.

68
Q

Why did President Truman agree to use the atomic bomb?

A

To bring WWII to a swift end and save American lives

69
Q

Name three advantages that British had in the Battle of Britain

A

They had early warning radar, They broke the German code, It was a do or die situation

70
Q

What was D-Day?

A

The Allies invaded the shores of France

71
Q

What was the main target of the kamikazes?

A

Military war ships

72
Q

What did Stalin repeatedly urge Churchill and Roosevelt to do in order to relieve German pressure on Soviet armies?

A

Invade France

73
Q

Which general led the victorious troops in the Battle of El Alamein?

A

Bernard Montgomery

74
Q

Which nation paid the greatest price in terms of the number of lives lost during WWII?

A

The Soviet Union

75
Q

Which nations’ pre-war governments were allowed to return to power after WWII?

A

All Allied nations under German control ie. France

76
Q

Name three things that the Jews were denied by the 1935 Nuremberg laws

A

The ability to vote, the ability to marry outside of their group, any position of influence

77
Q

What technique did Stalin use to strengthen his control over the Soviet Union?

A

He killed his enemies and political rivals

78
Q

Approximately, what percent of the American workforce was unemployed by 1933?

A

25%

79
Q

Who was the former Red Army general that was assassinated in Mexico City?

A

Leon Trotsky

80
Q

Who was the last Axis power to surrender during WWII?

A

Japan

81
Q

Name three groups of people selected by the Nazis for extermination.

A

Jews, homosexuals, and the mentally and physically infirmed

82
Q

Name three reasons why the nazis were unable to defeat the Soviet Union

A

the harsh Russian winters, the long supply lines, and the scorched earth policy

83
Q

What was the “phony war”?

A

A quiet period following the invasion of Poland

84
Q

Why did American insurance companies change their policy about life insurance settlements after the Great Depression?

A

Too many people committed suicide to collect the insurance money for their families

85
Q

What did the U.S. Lend-Lease Act do?

A

It allowed the U.S. to send military supplies to the Allies

86
Q

Whose political views were expressed in the book “Mein Kampf”?

A

Adolf Hitler

87
Q

What happened at Nuremberg after the end of WWII?

A

The trial of Nazi war criminals

88
Q

What battle turned the tide of the war in North Africa?

A

The Battle of El Alamein

89
Q

What was the Battle of the Bulge?

A

It was the final German military offensive of WWII

90
Q

Which battle ended Japanese naval superiority in the Pacific?

A

The Battle of Midway

91
Q

How were most Jews murdered in the Nazi death camps?

A

The use of poison gas (Zyclon B)

92
Q

What did the Nazis do with the human hair of their victims?

A

It was used as mattress and pillow stuffing for German submarines

93
Q

What did some Nazis do with the remains of Holocaust victims?

A

They made creepy art work like lamp shades with the skin

94
Q

Why did the Nazis remove the teeth of some Holocaust victims?

A

To get to the gold fillings

95
Q

How did the Nazis trick the Jews into entering the gas chambers?

A

The victims were told that they were going to take a shower

96
Q

What kind of experiments did the Nazis perform on Jews?

A

They injected the victims with diseases to see how long it took for them to die which were fairly useless experiments

97
Q

How did the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki get their names?

A

They were named after their size and shape (Fat Man and Little Boy)

98
Q

When did the term “ghetto” gain recognition?

A

After World War Two

99
Q

What does “arbeit macht frei” mean?

A

“Work Will Make You Free”

100
Q

What does “lebensraum” mean?

A

“Living Space”

Spanish Final (2 decks)

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