History Final Flashcards
How did the 1935 Nuremberg Laws impact the status of German Jews?
They were deprived of their citizenship
New Deal legislation was introduced by which U.S. President?
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
How did Adolf Hitler and the Nazi’s gain control of the German government in 1933?
By burning down the German Parliament and blaming the Communists
Under Soviet collectivization, all farmland was owned by whom?
The Soviet government
How did Stalin maintain his power in the Soviet Union?
By killing his political opponents
Which political movement was established by Benito Mussolini?
Fascism
Name three groups established by Roosevelt under his New Deal legislation.
CCC, TVA, WPA
How did the kulaks (Soviet Peasants) respond to the Soviet collectivization movement?
They destroyed their crops and farm animals
Which event led to the destruction of thousands of Jewish businesses and synagogues?
Kristallnacht
Why did the majority of Italians support Benito Mussolini in the 1920s?
He brought order to Italy and stopped the Communists
What was the goal of Stalin’s Five Year Plans?
To industrialize the Soviet Union
What was the leading cause of the Stock Market Crash of 1929?
Too many people bought stocks “on margin”
Why did many Germans feel betrayed by the Weimar Republic?
They signed the Treaty of Versailles
What event led to the start of World War II?
The German invasion of Poland
What does D-Day refer to?
The Allied invasion of Normandy, France
Upon what city was the second atomic bomb ever used in warfare dropped?
Nagasaki
What nickname refers to the end of the war in the Pacific?
VJ Day
What does the “D” in D-Day mean?
Day
What nickname refers to the end of the war in Europe?
VE Day
What does the term Kamikaze describe?
It refers to Japanese suicide pilots
Why is December 7th, 1941 a significant date?
It was the day that the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
Name three European regions that were acquired by Hitler before the start of WWII?
The Rhineland, The Sudetenland, and Austria
What was the Final Solution?
It was Germany’s plan to systematically kill all of the Jewish people of the world
Name three types of concentration camps run by the Nazis?
Labor camps, prison camps, death camps
Name three things that happened to Japanese-Americans during WWII
They were discriminated against, They were sent to relocation camps, They lost their homes and businesses
Why is June 6th, 1944 a significant date?
This was the day that Allies invaded the beaches of Normandy, France.
Why is September 1, 1939 a significant date?
This was the day that the Germans invaded Poland unprovoked resulting in the start of WWII.
Who advocated the policy of “appeasing” Hitler before the start of WWII?
Neville Chamberlain
Why did the Nazi’s put “Arbeit Macht Frei” above the gates of some of the Jewish concentration camps?
To give the Jews a false sense that they may regain their freedom
What was America’s attitude, before the attack of Pearl Harbor, toward getting involved in WWII?
America did not want to be involved in foreign affairs
What were John Steinbeck, James Joyce, and F. Scott Fitzgerald all known for being?
They were novelist/authors
What event marked the beginning of the Great Depression?
The Stock market Crash of 1929 (Black Tuesday)
Il Duce was the title of which of the following leaders?
Benito Mussolini
What term was used to identify the alliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan?
The Axis Powers
What was the goal of the U.S. isolationist policy after World War I?
That the U.S. stay out of foreign entanglements/affairs
Name three art movements from the early 20th century?
Cubism, Dadaism, Surrealism
What did Fascism promote and encourage?
extreme nationalism
What was the policy of appeasement?
Give Hitler what he wants to avoid a war
Why did Japan invade Manchuria?
To gain access to its iron and coal mines
What effect did the nonaggression pact between the Nazis and the Soviets have on the balance of power in Europe?
It allowed the Axis powers to attack without fear of the Soviets responding
What impact did the radio have on society after the end of World War I?
It united the country and helped to spread propaganda
Why did millions of Germans turn against the leaders of the Weimar Republic?
They signed the Treaty of Versailles resulting in a struggling German economy
What was the major cause of the collapse of the stock market?
Too many stocks were sold “on margin”
What societal fear added to the appeal of Fascism in Italy and Germany?
The rise of Communism
Why did Hitler target the Jewish population as scapegoats for all of Germany’s troubles?
To unite the German people against a common enemy
Name three ways the Great Depression impacted the U.S.
Banks closed, unemployment rose, and businesses failed
What does Mein Kampf mean?
My Struggle
What was “Lebensraum”?
The Nazi invasion of neighboring regions to expand the German influence
Which political party in Germany adopted fascism?
The Nazis
Name three Axis powers that invaded other countries in the 1930s
Germany, Italy, and Japan
Name three countries that belonged to the Axis Powers
Germany, Italy, and Japan
Who was the leader of the Third Reich?
Adolf Hitler
Who did Francisco Franco fight for?
Spanish rebel troops
What prompted Great Britain and France to declare war on Germany?
The German invasion of Poland
The German “blitzkrieg” was a military strategy that depended on what advantage?
Overwhelming the enemy defenses
What crucial lesson was learned in the Battle of Britain?
That Hitler’s forces could be stopped
What was significant about the Battle of Midway?
It was a turning point in control over the war in the Pacific against the Japanese
What event occurred on the day described as “a date which will live in infamy”?
The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
Which of the following battles marked the final German offensive of World War II?
The Battle of the Bulge
Where were atomic bombs dropped during World War II?
On the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
What was the purpose of the Nuremberg Trials?
It was the prosecution of the Nazi war criminals
What did the Allies’ strategy of “island hopping” in the Pacific involve?
Capture an island and cut off the supply lines to neighboring enemy islands
What does the use of kamikaze pilots show about Japanese culture?
National honor was more important than individual lives
What was the U.S. response to Japanese aggression in Southeast Asia in mid-1941?
The U.S. stopped trading oil and iron with the Japanese
How did the Lend-Lease Act benefit the United States?
It allowed the U.S. to provide military supplies to the allies without joining the war
How were the Holocaust and Hitler’s “Final Solution” related?
These are two terms used to describe the systematic elimination of the Jewish population on Earth
Why were thousands of U.S. citizens put in internment camps during the war?
They were of Japanese descent and were mislabeled the enemy by the U.S. government.
Why did President Truman agree to use the atomic bomb?
To bring WWII to a swift end and save American lives
Name three advantages that British had in the Battle of Britain
They had early warning radar, They broke the German code, It was a do or die situation
What was D-Day?
The Allies invaded the shores of France
What was the main target of the kamikazes?
Military war ships
What did Stalin repeatedly urge Churchill and Roosevelt to do in order to relieve German pressure on Soviet armies?
Invade France
Which general led the victorious troops in the Battle of El Alamein?
Bernard Montgomery
Which nation paid the greatest price in terms of the number of lives lost during WWII?
The Soviet Union
Which nations’ pre-war governments were allowed to return to power after WWII?
All Allied nations under German control ie. France
Name three things that the Jews were denied by the 1935 Nuremberg laws
The ability to vote, the ability to marry outside of their group, any position of influence
What technique did Stalin use to strengthen his control over the Soviet Union?
He killed his enemies and political rivals
Approximately, what percent of the American workforce was unemployed by 1933?
25%
Who was the former Red Army general that was assassinated in Mexico City?
Leon Trotsky
Who was the last Axis power to surrender during WWII?
Japan
Name three groups of people selected by the Nazis for extermination.
Jews, homosexuals, and the mentally and physically infirmed
Name three reasons why the nazis were unable to defeat the Soviet Union
the harsh Russian winters, the long supply lines, and the scorched earth policy
What was the “phony war”?
A quiet period following the invasion of Poland
Why did American insurance companies change their policy about life insurance settlements after the Great Depression?
Too many people committed suicide to collect the insurance money for their families
What did the U.S. Lend-Lease Act do?
It allowed the U.S. to send military supplies to the Allies
Whose political views were expressed in the book “Mein Kampf”?
Adolf Hitler
What happened at Nuremberg after the end of WWII?
The trial of Nazi war criminals
What battle turned the tide of the war in North Africa?
The Battle of El Alamein
What was the Battle of the Bulge?
It was the final German military offensive of WWII
Which battle ended Japanese naval superiority in the Pacific?
The Battle of Midway
How were most Jews murdered in the Nazi death camps?
The use of poison gas (Zyclon B)
What did the Nazis do with the human hair of their victims?
It was used as mattress and pillow stuffing for German submarines
What did some Nazis do with the remains of Holocaust victims?
They made creepy art work like lamp shades with the skin
Why did the Nazis remove the teeth of some Holocaust victims?
To get to the gold fillings
How did the Nazis trick the Jews into entering the gas chambers?
The victims were told that they were going to take a shower
What kind of experiments did the Nazis perform on Jews?
They injected the victims with diseases to see how long it took for them to die which were fairly useless experiments
How did the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki get their names?
They were named after their size and shape (Fat Man and Little Boy)
When did the term “ghetto” gain recognition?
After World War Two
What does “arbeit macht frei” mean?
“Work Will Make You Free”
What does “lebensraum” mean?
“Living Space”
