History Final Flashcards
Conscription
A military draft
Carpetbaggers
northern whites who moved to the south and served as republican leaders during reconstruction
Bleeding Kansas
(1856) a series of violent fights between pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces in Kansas who had moved to Kansas to try to influence the decision of whether or not Kansas would a slave state or a free state.
black codes
Laws denying most legal rights to newly freed slaves; passed by southern states following the Civil War
Scalawags
A derogatory term for Southerners who were working with the North to buy up land from desperate Southerners
Wade-Davis Bill
an 1864 plan for Reconstruction that denied the right to vote or hold office for anyone who had fought for the Confederacy. Lincoln refused to sign this bill thinking it was too harsh.
10% Plan
Lincoln’s 1863 program for a rapid Reconstruction of the South
John Brown
An abolitionist who attempted to lead a slave revolt by capturing Armories in southern territory and giving weapons to slaves, was hung in Harpers Ferry after capturing an Armory
Stonewall Jackson
general in the Confederate Army during the Civil War whose troops at the first Battle of Bull Run stood like a stone wall (1824-1863)
Ulyesses S. Grant
phenomenal general that captured Fort Henry and Fort Donelson in the Civil War. He was a brave, tough, and decisive military leader graduated from West Point and failed at every day job, so he became an army commander because it was more “him”.
Robert E. Lee
Confederate general who had opposed secession but did not believe the Union should be held together by force
Dred Scott
United States slave who sued for liberty after living in a non-slave state
Ft. Sumter
Union fort attacked by Confederates in 1861 sparking the start of the Civil War
Freedman’s Bureau, 1865
Def: a new agency created by congress which helped misplace blacks and whites; provide food, shelter, land, and education. Sig: helped many blacks and increased blakc education drastically
Importance of Kansas Territory
It could have upset the delicate balance of slave and free states
Battle of Bull Run
1861, 1st major battle, proved war was going to be long and costly
Lincoln-Douglas Debates
series of debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas over the issue of slavery
Capture of Atlanta
General Sherman and his troops set the city of Atlanta on fire, in order to destroy the confederate’s supply lines and then Marched to the Sea, Savannah, and burnt everything along the way
Battle of Gettysburg
this three day battle was the bloodiest of the entire Civil War, ended in a Union victory, and is considered the turning point of the war
Battle of Antietam
battle in Maryland that ended Lee’s first invasion of the North
Apptomattox Courthouse
place that signifies start of peace because this is where the Civil War ended
Reconstruction Acts
set of laws that divided the South into five districts under military control
Battle of Chickamauga
Confederate victory; largest battle fought in Georgia; led to the battle of Chattanooga
KKK
Ku Klux Klan–Against Blacks, Jews, Catholics. Used terror to control them
15th Amendment (1870)
U.S. cannot prevent a person from voting because of race, color, or creed
Sherman’s March to the Sea
Union general Sherman’s destructive march across Georgia
John Wilkes Booth
Assassinated Abraham Lincoln
George McCleallan
the great organizer of the Union Army of the Potomac
Andersonville
Confederate war camp in Georgia with terrible conditions for soldiers
Compromise of 1877
Compromise that enables Hayes to take office in return for the end of Reconstruction
Impeachment
A formal document charging a public official with misconduct in office
Thaddeus Stevens
Leader of the Radical Republicans
Angel Island
The immigration station on the west coast where Asian immigrants, mostly Chinese gained admission to the U.S. Questioning and conditions at Angel Island were much harsher than Ellis Island in New York.
Social Gospel
Christian faith practiced as a call not just to personal conversion but to social reform.
Horizontal Integration
Type of monopoly where a company buys out all of its competition. Ex. Rockefeller
social darwism
survival of the fittest
Chinese Exclusion Act
1882 law that prohibited the immigration of Chinese laborers
Gentleman’s Agreement
1907 agreement between the United States and Japan that restricted Japanese immigration
Ellis Island
Immigration processing center that open in New York Harbor in 1892
Vertical Integration
the combination in one company of two or more stages of production normally operated by separate companies.
sweatshop
small factory where employees have to work long hours under poor conditions for little pay
John Rockefeller
Established the Standard Oil Company, the greatest, wisest, and meanest monopoly known in history