History & Examination Flashcards
What do you look for on inspection in VE?
•Pubic Mons: hair growth
•Labia:
-redness, leucoplakia, pigmentation
-lesions/swelling, masses, ulcerations
-excoriation, trauma, atrophy
•Introitus:
-Bartholin’s glands cyst or abscess
-discharge
•Perineum:
-scars, fistulas
What speculum is used?
Sim’s
vaginal walls
-U.V. prolapse
-U. incontinence
How do you use Sim’s speculum?
What are Cusco’s/Bivalve used for?
visualisation of cervix
(+ vaginal walls)
-ectropion/polyp
-smear test/Colposcopy
-mirena coil:insert/threads
-endocervical swab
How is a Cusco’s Spceulum used?
•Patient in dorsal position.
•Warm lubricated speculum (water or sides of speculum).
•Separate labia, blades vertical and closed (opening mechanism to right-insert).
•Rotate 90 clockwise (opening apparatus upwards) and insert as far as will go with no discomfort (angle slightly posteriorly).
•Visualise cervix as open speculum and lock speculum
What is the inspection of the cervix looking at?
•Colour: usually pink (red – ectropion)
•Shape external os: round (nulliparous), slit (multiparous)
•Discharge: mucus, infection
•Scars: previous treatment e.g. LLETZ
•Masses/ulceration/polyp
How are EDD calculated?
-Nagle’s rule LMP: + 9 months and 7days (1st day of LMP)
-if cycle is >or< 28/7 have to adjust (>=+, <=-)
-if irregular cycle or recently stopped OCP can be less useful
What is Cholasma ‘Mask of Pregnancy’?
When can you palpate fetal parts?
28 weeks
What do you need to report in an abdominal palpation?
- lie
- position
- presentation
What is Leopold’s manoeuvre
When can you carry out abdominal auscultation?
- pinards stethoscope (28 weeks)
- Doppler (12 weeks)
What is the BUBBLES acronym for a post natal history?
B: breasts
U: uterus
B: bowels
B: bladder
L: legs (including VTE risk)/Lochia
E: episiotomy/ emotional status
