History Exam Flashcards
What event triggered the First World War?
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by a member of the Black Hand on July 28th, 1914
This assassination is often cited as the immediate cause of the war.
What are the MAIN causes of the First World War?
Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism
Understanding each term is crucial for grasping the complexities of the war.
Which alliance did Canada join during the First World War?
Triple Entente (France, Great Britain, Russia)
Canada joined when Great Britain declared war.
Who was the Minister of Militia in Canada during WWI?
Sir Sam Hughes
He made poor choices, including the introduction of the Ross Rifle.
What significant battle did Canada successfully capture in WWI?
Vimy Ridge
Canada took it in 4 days after Britain and France failed.
What marked the beginning of the Roaring Twenties?
The end of WWI in 1919, alongside the Spanish Flu and Winnipeg General Strike
These events led to significant economic and social changes.
What economic issue arose after WWI leading into the Roaring Twenties?
Factories shut down, people laid off, and demand for jobs exceeded supply
Soldiers returning from war exacerbated the job market.
What cultural changes occurred during the Roaring Twenties?
Change in women’s fashion, rise of Jazz and dance culture, women’s rights
The era also saw the emergence of Flappers.
What technological advancements were prominent during the Roaring Twenties?
AC, movies, and radio
These inventions transformed entertainment and daily life.
What economic problems were associated with the Roaring Twenties?
Buying on credit and using it to invest
This created financial instability leading into the Depression.
What event marked the beginning of the Great Depression?
The American stock market crash (Black Thursday, October 24th)
This event triggered a global economic downturn.
What were the conditions of unemployment during the Great Depression?
30% unemployment at peak
Many people lost their jobs, and farmers struggled due to the Dust Bowl.
What were relief camps during the Great Depression?
Camps for unemployed men, often referred to as ‘slave camps’
Many men traveled by train to find work in these camps.
Who was R.B. Bennett?
Prime Minister during the Great Depression who did very little due to laissez-faire policies
He was eventually replaced by Mackenzie King.
What significant event caused Canada to join the Second World War?
Germany’s invasion of Poland on September 1st, 1939
Canada joined on September 10th, 1939.
What was Canada’s contribution to the war effort during WWII?
Produced corvettes, planes, and trained pilots; over 1 million Canadians in uniform
Canada was a significant ally in the war.
What led to the end of WWII in Europe?
Conquest of Germany and Hitler’s suicide
The war in the Pacific ended with the bombing of Japan.
What was the Holocaust?
Genocide of Jewish people and others, totaling 11 million, including 6 million Jews
It involved industrialized murder as part of the ‘Final Solution.’
What were the stages of isolation during the Holocaust?
Stripping of rights, segregation, concentration, extermination
Each stage systematically dehumanized victims.
What initiated the Cold War?
Tensions between NATO and the Warsaw Pact after WWII
It was characterized by a struggle between democracy and communism.
What was the significance of the Cuban Missile Crisis?
A pivotal moment in Cold War tensions between the USA and USSR
It brought the world close to nuclear conflict.
What was NORAD?
North American Aerospace Defense Command
It was established for the defense of North America during the Cold War.
What marked the end of the Cold War?
Collapse of the Soviet economy between 1989-1991
This led to significant geopolitical changes.
What societal changes occurred in Canada after WWII?
Rising immigration, suburban development, urbanization, changes in fashion and music
The Baby Boomers’ rise also shaped Canadian society.
What was the 60s Scoop?
The mass removal of Indigenous children from their families into the child welfare system
This had lasting impacts on Indigenous communities.
What was Quebec separatism?
A political movement seeking independence for Quebec from Canada
Notable events include the Quiet Revolution and the 1980 and 1995 Referendums.
