history exam Flashcards
Love for one’s country and a loyalty to that country
patriotism
Characteristics and traditions that have been handed down to us by our ancestors
heritage
According to Charles Shuman the price of socialism
freedom
Powers specifically given to congress in the U.S. Constitution
expressed powers
Gives Congress the authority to put into operation not the implied and expressed lowers
“Necessary and proper” clause
Proportional distribution of congressional seats among the states
Apportionment
Proposed new law
Bill
highest number of votes won but less than majority
Plurality *
Past decisions involving a similar court
Precedents
Presidential rejection of a bill
Veto
Armed citizenry
Militia
Ability to veto part of a bill without rejecting the whole bill
Item veto
Election in which voters can approve or reject a proposed amendment
Referendum
The process whereby a person changes citizenship from one country to another
Naturalization
A secret ballot
Australian ballot
Verse that says “Righteousness exalteth a nation: ur sin reproach to any people”
Proverbs 14:34
Verse that promises success and prosperity to the person who meditates upon and obeys God’s Word
Joshua 1:8
first foundational civil ordinance
capital punishment
private meetings of the party members to decide on policy or to choose candidates
cuacus
commands from the president that have the power of law
executive orders
A large, complex organization composed of appointed officials
Bureaucracy
wrote the Star Spangled Banner
Francis Scott Key
Form of government where the ruler exercises unlimited authority and usually inherits position
Absolute Monarchy
Government where ruler maintains absolute control of all aspects of society through coercion and subjection of the individual to the state
Totalitarian Dictatorship
a crime that is punishable by death
capital crime
commander in chief, chief legislator, chief of state
Primary roles of president
Responsible for the final draft of the Declaration of Independence
Thomas Jefferson
America’s first national constitution
Articles of Confederation
Presided as chairman of the Constitutional Convention
George Washington
Member of parliament who supported the American colonists
Edmund Burke
wrote final draft of US constitution
Governor Morris
Presides over the Senate when the Vice President is absent.
president Pro Tempore
Document that places king under law for the first time in English history
Magna Carta
formulated the basic ideas of Communism
Karl Marx
Laid foundation for right to trial by jury
Henry II
Father of the Constitution
James Madison
central government is subordinate to the states
Confederacy
Document that was the forerunner to the written constitution in America
Mayflower Compact
Document strictly limited power of English monarch after 1689
English Bill of Rights
Supreme Court case that asserted the Right to judicial review
Marbury v. Madison
Was the chief justice for rolled in the above mentioned case
John Marshall
What term describes the statement of an individual citizens legal privileges
Bill of rights
Term that refers to an instance in which the Supreme Court goes beyond the constitution to change the societal behavior by interpreting the constitution to mean what the justice wanted to mean
Judicial activism
US (Supreme Court) is the most active level of the federal judiciary courts
District Courts
A (writ of certiorari) Is a brief that is filled by individuals who are not parties in a particular case but still have an interest in The cases outcome
amicus curiae
The chief justice Under whom the Supreme Court adopted the philosophy of judicial activism was (William Rehnquist)
earl Warren
(Judicial restraint) Refers to When the Supreme Court interprets and apply the constitution according to the original understanding of those who wrote it and ratified it
True
(Welfare) Refers to monies the national government gives the state or local government’s for some designated purpose
Federal grants
Board of supervisors) is the most common type of county board
Board of commissioners
(Judicial review) Refers to the right of the Supreme Court to declare a law or action based upon the law unconstitutional
True
Louisiana) the only state to have unicameral legislature
Nebraska
(Federalism) refers to the division of power among the governments within a nation
True
The Supreme Court ruling in (gibbons vs odgen) Gave a broader interputation of congresses power to regulate commerce
True
(Extradition) refers to when a federal law supersedes or overrides a similar state law
Preemption
The Supreme Court case of (McCulloch vs Maryland) establish the doctrine of implied powers
True
The state office of (lieutenant governor) can be compared to that of Vice President
True
A (justice of the peace court) is generally a court of last resort within a state
State Supreme Court
Established the legislative branch
article 1
Established the executive branch
article 2
Article of the Constitution that sets up the Judicial Branch and defines treason.
article 3
Relations among states
article 4
Article of the Constitution that sets up the amendment process.
article 5
Establishes the Constitution as the supreme law of the land
article 6
Right to bear arms
Amendment 2
Freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures
Amendment 4
Right to a speedy and public trial
Amendment 6
no excessive bail or fine; no cruel or unusual punishment
Amendment 8
Any rights not given to federal government are given to the states and people
Amendment 10
Allows the federal government to collect income tax
Amendment 16
Direct election of senators
Amendment 17
largest unit of local government in most states
county
Supreme Court case that opened the door for federal court regulation of state apportionment
Baker v. Carr
Rules that govern the use of money given to states through federal grants
Mandates
Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petition
1st Amendment
represents a special interest group before a political body
lobbyist
System whereby able bodied men are required to join a particular branch of the nations armed forces for a certain period of time
Conscription
Process by which citizens can propose amendments to the state constitution
Initiative
Single most important source of revenue among the states today
Sales tax
Describes a persons allegiance to a country or full membership and participation in its political and social institutions
Citizenship
Local voting district that also serves as the basic unit of American political party organization
precinct
Primary election in which voter must register with a party and only vote for candidates of that party
Closed primary
the oldest, most widely used form of city government
mayor-council form
Chief source of income for local governments
Property tax
Prohibition of alcoholic beverages
amendment 18
Women’s right to vote
amendment 19
