History EXAM Flashcards
When was the Treaty of Versailles signed?
1919
What year did Hitler become chancellor?
1933
When did Britain (Australia/NZ) declare war on Germany?
1939
When did the USSR (Soviet Union) join the allies?
June 1941
When was the attack on Pearl Harbour?
December 1941
When was Darwin bombed?
February 1942
When was Sydney Harbour attacked?
May 1942
When was the Kokoda campaign?
July-November 1942
When did Germany surrender?
May 1945
When was the first bomb dropped on Japan, what was it called and which city was it dropped on?
August 6th 1945, Little Boy, Hiroshima
When was the second bomb dropped on Japan, what was it called and which city was it dropped on?
August 9th 1945, Fat Man, Nagasaki
When did Japan surrender? What did this lead to?
September 1945, end of the war
What are the five main causes of WW2?
- Great depression/crash of stock market
- Treaty of Versailles
- The rise of Nazism
- The forming of the axis and allied powers
- Germany’s invasion of Polland
Who were the Allied powers?
Britain
France
U.S.
USSR (Soviet Union)
Who were the Axis powers?
Germany
Italy
Japan
Who was the leader of Italy during WW2?
Mussolini
Who was the leader of Germany during WW2?
Adolf Hitler
Who was the leader of Britain during WW2?
Winston Churchill
Who was the Prime Minister of Australia during WW2?
Curtin
Who was the President of the U.S. during WW2?
Roosevelt
Who was the leader of Russia during WW2?
Stalin
Who was the leader of Japan during WW2?
Hirohito
What is propaganda?
The spreading of false or misleading information to make people believe a particular thing.
What is anti-semitism?
The belief that Jews are an inferior race.
What did Hitler force Jews to wear?
Yellow star of David on their clothes with the word Jude (German word for Jew) on it.
What was the Night of the Broken Glass?
- Jewish synagogues destroyed/shop windows smashed
- 90 Jews murdered
What was ‘The Final Solution’?
The name given to the Nazi policy to kill all European Jews in the form of extermination camps.
Who was sent to the concentration/extermination camps?
- Jews
- Gypsies
- Communists
- Jehovah’s Witnesses
- Homosexuals
- Disabled people
What happened to prisoners in concentration camps?
- Forced Labour
- Killed in gas chambers
If not from the gas chambers, what else did people die from?
Exhaustion & Starvation
What was the Holocaust?
The mass genocide of 6 million Jews during WW2
What did Nazi doctors do to prisoners, especially twins?
Unwilfully experimented on them
Who guarded the camps?
Hitler’s SS (Protective Squadron)
Which concentration camp was the largest?
Auschwitz
When did Soviet Union troops free the prisoners from Auschwitz?
27th January 1945
When were the concentration camps in operation?
1939-1945
What happened to children sent to concentration camps, who were considered too young to work?
Shot/gassed
Who was Anne Frank?
A Jewish girl that kept a diary when she went into hiding. Her courage became famous when the book was found after the war and later published.
How many Japanese were immediately killed after the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki?
Seventy thousand (70,000)
Why did Japan surrender?
Out of fear of further loss of life.
What was the Treaty of Versailles?
The treaty signed after WW1 that stated Germany was the reason for the war and must be punished accordingly.
What was the Kokoda track?
- Australian troops crossing of Papan New Guinea
- Series of battles against Japanese
- Appalling conditions
- July-November 1942
Who were the Fuzzy Wuzzy angels?
The nickname given to the Papuans who immensely helped the Australians on their travels through Kokoda.
Who was Mussolini?
Italian dictator in WW2
What was the Pacific Theater in WW2?
The area of the world where a predominant part of WW2 happened.
What does WLA stand for? Explain
Womens Land Army, formed to keep farms and businesses going while the men were off fighting.
What was the Battle of Britain?
Hitler’s ‘blitzkrieg’ attack on Britain.
What was Blitzkrieg? Meaning?
Hitler’s unsuccessful plan (Lightning War) to champion Britain in the air to the invade from the ocean with troops.
What does RAAF stand for?
Royal Australian Air Force
What does RAN stand for?
Royal Australian Navy
What does AAMWS stand for?
Australian Army Medical Women’s Service
What does AWAS stand for?
Australian Womens Army Service
What does WRANS stand for?
Women’s Royal Australian Naval Service
What does WAAAF stand for?
Women’s Auxiliary Australian Air Force
What does AMF stand for?
Australian Military Forces
How many Australians were killed by the Japanese during the Kokoda campaign? How many more by sickness?
625 - Japanese
4000+ - Sickness
How many Australians were injured during the Kokoda campaign?
1600
What does AIF stand for?
Australian Inventory Forces
What was the name given to the militia that fought the Kokoda trail?
Marbubra Force
