History Exam

Question 1

The Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914 expanded on the?

Answer 1

1890 Sherman Antitrust Act, outlawed price fixing, and exempted labor unions from potential punishment for strikes, protests that were nonviolent.

Question 2

The Compromise of 1850?

Answer 2

negotiated by Henry Clay, made California a free state, strengthened fugitive slave laws, and allowed for popular sovereignty of western territories.

Question 3

Robert E. Lee surrendered to?

Answer 3

Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox court house, VA to end the Civil War

Question 4

The 3/5ths Compromise determined that each slave of the south would be?

Answer 4

counted as ⅗ a person in regards to representation of a state’s population.

Question 5

The Democratic-Republican party, led by?

Answer 5

Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, believed in states rights, agricultural economy, and opposed the creation of a national bank, which they believed was unconstitutional.

Question 6

Judicial review is?

Answer 6

the power of the courts to declare a law or act of government unconstitutional

Question 7

The main goals of the Progressive Era was to?

Answer 7

improve working conditions, especially for women and children, to reduce corruption in the government and give power back to the people, and to regulate business

Question 8

The United States entered World War I for?

Answer 8

the sinking of the Lusitania, The Zimmerman Note, close ties to Britain, and unrestricted submarine warfare by the Germans attacking U.S. merchant ships

Question 9

The 14th Amendment defines?

Answer 9

citizenship which gave the freedmen the status of American citizens and guaranteed equal protection under the law to all citizens

Question 10

The 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court case upheld segregation laws, saying?

Answer 10

they did not violate the 14th amendment, as long as facilities were “separate but equal?”

Question 11

Lexington and Concord was?

Answer 11

where the first shots fired of the Revolutionary War.

Question 12

Reasons for European immigration from 1880-1920 to the U.S. included?

Answer 12

escape from political persecution, seeking religious freedom, and seeking better economic opportunity

Question 13

Labor unions had strong leaders including?

Answer 13

Samuel Gompers of the American Federation of Labor, Terrance Powderly of the Knights of Labor, Pauline Newman of the International Ladies Garment Workers Union, and Eugene Debs of the American Railway Union

Question 14

Numerous acts (laws) were put in place, heavily taxing the colonies during the 1760s-1770s: those included?

Answer 14

the Sugar Act, Townshend Act, Stamp Act, Tea Act, and many more.

Question 15

The first shots of the Civil War were fired at?

Answer 15

Fort Sumter, South Carolina in April of 1861.

Question 16

The “attack” or explosion of the USS Maine sparked?

Answer 16

the U.S. to declare war on Spain in 1898.

Question 17

Robert E. Lee was the main Confederate Commander who?

Answer 17

after the war urged rapid reunification of the country after the Civil War

Question 18

The Roosevelt Corollary was a statement of?

Answer 18

American power over Central and South America in the early 1900s.

Question 19

Andrew Jackson helped to establish the?

Answer 19

Democratic party during the mid-1820s

Question 20

The 15th Amendment provided the right to?

Answer 20

vote to blacks and former slaves

Question 21

General Lord Cornwallis surrendered at?

Answer 21

Yorktown, Virginia, thus ending the Revolutionary War and ensuring Patriot victory.

Question 22

George Washington was selected as chairman to preside over?

Answer 22

the Constitutional Convention due to his prestige from the Revolutionary War

Question 23

The 1823 Monroe Doctrine said that the U.S. would?

Answer 23

remain neutral in European affairs and that Europe would not interfere or colonize further in the Western Hemisphere.

Question 24

Key industrial leaders during the “Second Industrial Revolution” include?

Answer 24

John Rockefeller (oil), Andrew Carnegie (steel), JP Morgan (banking, finance), and Cornelius Vanderbilt (railroads)

Question 25

The 1862 Homestead Act was a?

Answer 25

government policy that gave western settlers 160 acres of land if they farmed it within five years.

Question 26

all considered leaders of the early Civil Rights movement of the late-1800s/early-1900s.?

Answer 26

Booker T. Washington, Marcus Garvey, Ida B. Wells, and W.E.B. DuBois

Question 27

Having no power to tax or regulate commerce, each state receiving one vote, regardless of size, and having no executive or judicial branches were considered to be?

Answer 27

the major weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation, thus prompting the writing of the U.S. Constitution in 1787

Question 28

The 1819 Supreme Court case of McCullough v. Maryland stated that?

Answer 28

state governments could not tax the federal government. This became known as the “supremacy clause.”

Question 29

Thomas Jefferson is the President associated with?

Answer 29

the Louisiana Purchase; arguably his biggest victory in office.

Question 30

Woodrow Wilson’s plan for peace after World War I was referred to as?

Answer 30

the Fourteen Points

Question 31

The turning point of the Civil War was?

Answer 31

the Battle of Gettysburg in July of 1863

Question 32

Dollar Diplomacy was the William Howard Taft-backed foreign policy that urged American banks and businesses to?

Answer 32

invest in Latin America, and the U.S. would intervene if unrest threatened their investments.

Question 33

The 17th Amendment provided for the?

Answer 33

direct election of senators by the American people

Question 34

Labor unions developed primarily to?

Answer 34

protect rights of workers, to improve wages, safety and benefits

Question 35

Ulysses S. Grant was Union commander at the?

Answer 35

Civil War who gained early success in the battles in the West

Question 36

The practice of rewarding political “friends” with jobs was used by?

Answer 36

Andrew Jackson and was referred to as the “spoils system”

Question 37

The first government for the United States was outlined in the?

Answer 37

Articles of Confederation, 1777; it was replaced by the U.S. Constitution 10 years later

Question 38

The Compromise of 1877 effectively ended Reconstruction because?

Answer 38

the Democrats agreed to back Republican Rutherford B. Hayes in exchange for an end to Reconstruction policies and an end to military occupation of the South

Question 39

The growth of both railroads and canals was arguably the most significant factor encouraging settlers to?

Answer 39

move west in the 1800s.

Question 40

The Battle of Saratoga, New York (1777) was?

Answer 40

the turning point battle of the Revolutionary War.

Question 41

The Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 41

officially ended World War 1

Question 42

The belief that the United States’ expansion to the Pacific Ocean was inevitable, righteous was called?

Answer 42

Manifest Destiny

Question 43

The term muckrakers was given to?

Answer 43

journalists who wrote about corruption in cities, politics, and society

Question 44

The early Federalist Party, led by Alexander Hamilton and John Adams, favored?

Answer 44

a stronger national government with higher tariffs to protect American manufacturing

Question 45

The key theme to Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address was?

Answer 45

that the Union needed to be preserved

Question 46

The Missouri Compromise of 1820 made?

Answer 46

Missouri a slave state, Maine a free state, and divided the western territory into a slave area and a free area using the 36-30 line.

Question 47

The 19th Amendment granted?

Answer 47

women the right to vote

Question 48

Key inventors during the era of industrialization included ?

Answer 48

Thomas Edison (light bulb, electricity), Alexander Graham Bell (telephone), The Wright Brothers (airplane), Samuel Morse (telegraph), and many others.

Question 49

Where did “old immigrants” come from?

Answer 49

Northern and Western Europe

Question 50

Where did “new immigrants” come from?

Answer 50

Southern and Eastern Europe

Question 51

Patrick Henry, during the American Revolution, was cited as giving the quote?

Answer 51

“Give me liberty, or give me death”

Question 52

The Great Migration refers to?

Answer 52

the movement of rural African Americans to urban areas to find jobs

Question 53

The Supreme Court case of Marbury v. Madison established?

Answer 53

the principle of “judicial review”

Question 54

The 13th Amendment prohibited?

Answer 54

Slavery

Question 55

James Madison became known as?

Answer 55

the “Father of the Constitution” as he authored much of it and most of his ideas were included in it

Question 56

The forced march of American Indians from the Southeast to present-day Oklahoma (1838) was known as?

Answer 56

the Trail of Tears.

Question 57

The U.S. acquired Florida when they purchased it from?

Answer 57

Spain in the Adams-Onis Treaty