History England Flashcards
what is the order of catholics to protestants
catholics
arminians
church of England
Puritan
Quakers
what were arminians
Protestant but they had rituals, rich church decoration, incence, vestments, bishops similar to catholics
what was the church of England
(Anglicans)
This was a compromise there were rituals but limited church decoration. Head of the church was the monarch
What were puritans
Extreme protestants which had strictly no church decoration with no bishops
focus on private prayer and main religion in Scotland
What were Quakers
From the 1650s onward
They were self governing communitees (no bishops)
Believed god shone through in everything , pacifists , refused oaths, focus on private prayer and no rituals. Only spoke when they felt like god wanted them to speak.
What was the order of sucession from 1603-1701
The stuarts
James I (1603-25)
Charles I (1625-49)
Oliver Cromwell (1653-1658)
Richard Cromwell (sept 58-mar 59)
Charles II (1660-1685)
James II (1685-88)
William of orange (1689-1702)
What were the years of charles personal rule
What army did Oliver Cromwell command
The new model army with Fairfax
What was the new model army
What year was restoration
1660
what religion were the scottish
Presbyterian
what religion were the irish
catholic
what religion were england
arminian
When did Charles I marry
Charles married Henrietta Maria in 1625, this had a bad reaction as people didn’t want a Catholic queen. French Catholic princess. They hated the french and puritans weren’t happy. Charles begins to promote arminianism
What did the parliament do to Charles in 1625
They refused to grant him tunage and poundage. This gave parliament the power because he had to re ask every year
What was the state of affairs when charles came to power in 1625
In 1625 the treasury was empty and had just failed in attack on Cadiz and war with france after they made peace with spain
What year did charles dissolve parliament in order to stop buckingham being impeached
1626
what year was the duke of buckingham assassinated
1628
Why did they want the duke of buckingham to be impeached
Because he failed foreign policy in cadiz 1630
What did royal interference with parliament lead to
Royal interference meant that parliament restricted tonnage and poundage. Meaning he made the forced loan
What did charles do as a result of not being granted tonnage and poundage
Creates the forced loan in 1627 which was forced upon all tax payers. Without parliament, this led to the five knights case
What was the five knights case
The five knights case was when a group of five knights refued to pay the forced loan and were imprisoned without trial. This went against habeas corpus, so petition of right was made.
What did the five knights case result in
It resulted in the petition of right 1628 which was a document which set out the limit of the kings power. Went against the king because he believed in the divine right of kings so believed that anyone who challenged him was imprisoned.
How long was charles personal rule
“11 years of tyranny”
What years was the personal rule
1629-1640
What was the treaty of madrid 1630
Peace between england and spain after the anglo-spanish war 1625-30
This re established trades and saved england lots of money
Why was 1629 peace with france significant
This saved a lot of money by stopping further war and naval spends
When did Charles call parliament for its second session
1629
What did charles do to raise funds
crown lands - he started taxing people who built on crown lands
Monopolies - popish soap (controversial as it was a catholic company)
Ship money- tax payed by people living on the coast
Money increases but popularity decreases
What was the chruch like in 1629
Laud became archbishop of canterbury in 1633 who was an arminian which the puritans strongly disliked
changes within were bishops became in contoll of the clergy leading to more rituals, stained glass and hierarchy
Catholic influences increased in church
Was there any resistance during the personal rule
Yes from pym and his allies, these puritans challenged his pollicies
What happened in 1637 regarding ship money
John hampden went on trial for resisting to pay ship money
only 20% of expected rev from ship money
Who were the three puritans that were punished for questioning laudian reforms 1637 and what happened
Burton, Bastwick and prynne
had their ears chopped off and branded
was considered too harsh and sympathy for puritans increased
Why was the hampden trail significant
Hampden lost the case 7-5 which highlights the backlash for ship money
How did Charles try to standardise worship in Scotland
Charles tried to standardise worship by intoducing the book of cannons 1636 and 1637 common book of prayer
