history egypt new kingdom Flashcards
What happened with the borders of Egypt?
Why?
during Ahmose 1 rule
He expanded and made buffer zones so that other people like the Hyksos would not invade Egypt
Who was the most important god during Ahmose 1 rule? Why?
Amun Ra because he was the deity of Thebes
What is the difference between Queen Consort and Queen Regent?
Queen consort: not same political power same social power as pharaoh Queen Regent: son to young so same everything as the pharaoh
what was the capital of egypt
thebes
What dynasty did Ahmose 1 start?
18th
Who did Ahmose 1 defeat and why?
pushed out the hyksos to regain control of egypt
What did Hatshepsut claim about what her father said?
that she was the heir to the throne
What did Hatshepsut do with trade?
Expanded it mostly with punt
What did Hatshepsut build?
Monuments, more building projects than any other pharaoh, most famous was the mortuary temple Deir el Bahri at the entrance to the valley of the kings.
What did Hatshepsut’s successors do?
they tried to remove her from history also because she was female (not tradition
When did Thutmose III come to power?
when he was 2, officially when he was 22
How was Thutmose III educated?
as a scribe and priest
What did Thutmose III do to Egypt’s borders?
expanded them
How many military campaigns did Thutmose III lead?
17
How did Amenhotep III develop relationships with their neighbors?
He used his resources to make trades, and diplomatic skills ( made sure that everybody got what they wanted)
What are the Amarna Letters?
What do they look like?
They are stone tablets written in cuneiform and are letters written to and from other countries
How much money did Amenhotep III have?
Alot at his time he was the wealthiest man in the world
How did the power of the priest change?
Amun-Ra priests
Kept the $ that was supposed to be for the gods Job was hereditary
Had more money and land than pharaoh
What did Amenhotep III use to try to curb the power of the priests?
-Royal bulletins used propaganda
-New god aten
What is going on with religion? (use a word that ends with theistic)during the time of Akhenaten
He tries to change egypt into a Monotheistic nation
Who is Aten?
A new god he was the sun god
What’s going on with Amenhotep IV/Akhenaten’s name?
He changed it to mean the example of Aten “beneficial to Aten”
What happens with the temples? when Akhenaten rules
He closes other temples that are not for Aten
How does Akhenaten treat people who want to worship other gods?
He suppressed and persecuted them
What happened to art? during Akhenaten’s rule
His art celebrated the vibrancy of the natural art
Who is Nefertiti and what do we know about her?
She is Akhenaten’s wife
She is an icon of feminine beauty
What happened to the capital? during Akhenaten’s rule
Why?
It was moved to Amarna or Ahaten
Because the priests were to powerful and making a new capital will stop the priests growing power
Designed for Aten
What happened when Akhenaten died?
The capital was moved back to Thebes
Temples were reopened and Amun Ra was supreme god
What happens with Tutankhamun’s name?
Why?
He was born Tutankhaten for the living image of Aten then changed to Tutankhamun for living image of Amun
When did Tut become pharaoh?
At nine but advisors influenced his decisions
Who was making Tut’s important decisions?
His advisors
What do we know about Tut’s death?
We don’t nobody knows how he died but we do know that he had many injuries
What did Ramesses II The Great’s successors think? Vs What do modern scholars think?
S:He was the greatest pharaoh
MS:Greatest propagandist
What do you know about the monuments Ramesses II the great built?
Builders were volunteers or paid workers
They’re big
And he claimed a lot of building projects that weren’t his
What happened with the battle of Kadesh?
Who won?
Against the Hittites
It was a tie Ramesses II the great claimed victory
What do we know about Ramesses II’s tomb?
It was very big
Started building at the beginning of his reign
Why was the Bronze Age called the Bronze Age?
Every one needed bronze for tools and weapons because it was the strongest metal
Who invaded during the bronze age? Where did they invade?
the sea people
invaded coastal towns and places near the water
What happened to Egypt during the bronze age when the sea people invaded? (be specific)
The sea people attacked egypt egypt won but came out weak
This started the downfall of egypt
Lost nubia no nubia no gold no gold no trade
What happened after the collapse of the Bronze Age?
Iron was discovered and forged
Other civilizations thrived off it such as Rome
Who would rule over Egypt eventually?
assyria persia greece rome
Obelisks what do they look like
tall four sided monuments
Obelisks Greek word
tekhenus
what do Obelisks represent
rays of ra
what were obelisks made out of
stone
Valley of the Kings
a place where pharaohs are buried under ground
what do we know about the Battle of Megiddo
Thutmose 111 most famous victory First battle recorded in reliable detail
what is Karnak
a religious complex
why is karnak so big
because it was Started in middle kingdom added on in new kingdom
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