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Wjec Year 11 Topic Revision > History Crime and Punishment > Flashcards

History Crime and Punishment Flashcards

1
Q

What is Heresy

A

To disagree with, or refuse to follow the religious views of the monarch or the state.

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2
Q

What happened to the monasteries In Henry the 8th reign

A

Henry VIII closed all of the monasteries in England and Wales. All of their land and buildings were sold.

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3
Q

What is a vagrant

A

Homeless, unemployed person who wandered the streets.

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4
Q

What is Treason

A

Betraying your country. For example, plotting against the monarchy.

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5
Q

What are the reasons that people commit crimes

A

greed – the desire to gain more money or possessions
desperation
unemployment
poverty

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6
Q

What are some of the reasons for economic change

A

Dissolution of monastries, Inflation and unemployment

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7
Q

What are some of the reasons for economic change

A

Dissolution of monasteries, Inflation and unemployment

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8
Q

Describe Highway robbery

A

Transport improved, through turnpike roads, canals and the development of the railway. These new forms of transport led to some new opportunities for crimes, such as highway robbery.

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9
Q

What are the causes of increase in smuggling

A

Taxes and duties were increasing.
Goods that were smuggled into the country could make a great deal of profit on the black market.
Smuggled goods were popular with people as they were usually cheaper than legally imported goods. People did not tend to see smuggling as a serious crime. Local people supported smuggling.

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10
Q

Reasons for growth in poverty also crime (T)

A

Bad harvests, increase in population, rising inflation enclosure of farms and closure of monestrys

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11
Q

What were the changes in religion in (T)

A

Henry 8th catholic, Edward 6th Protestant, Mary 1st Catholic and Elizabeth 1st Protestant

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12
Q

What is Tithe

A

A tax paid by farmers of 1/10th of their income

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13
Q

What are the new types of crime in the twentieth century

A

Car crime, Computer crime, football hooliganism and drug related

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14
Q

What are the types of vagabonds

A

The angler, Counterfeit crank, clasper dudgeon and abraham man

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15
Q

What were the roles in smuggling

A

Venturer, sportsman, lander, tubsman and batsman

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16
Q

Who are vagabonds

A

Ex soldiers who turn to crime

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17
Q

Why did the luddites riot

A

When New machinery was introduced into textile mills. The machinery produced cloth quicker and far more cheaply than weavers could do in their own homes this meant that the machines were taking their jobs

17
Q

Why did the luddites riot

A

When New machinery was introduced into textile mills. The machinery produced cloth quicker and far more cheaply than weavers could do in their own homes this meant that the machines were taking their jobs

18
Q

What did the rebecca riots go against

A

against the high toll prices so Between 1839-1843, groups of farmers disguised themselves as women and attacked toll gates in west Wales.

19
Q

What are some examples of car crimes

A 
dangerous and careless driving
parking violations
speeding
car theft
road rage
20
Q

What are the roles of JPS?

A

They organised road and bridge repairs
checked weights and measures in shops
gave ale houses licences
supervised poor relief

21
Q

What are the roles of JPS?

A

They organised road and bridge repairs
checked weights and measures in shops
gave ale houses licences
supervised poor relief

22
Q

What did the parish constables do?

A

keep order in inns and ale houses
keep the peace in the parish
arrest people who have committed crimes
prevent crimes such as trespassing and poaching
carry out punishments such as whipping vagabonds

23
Q

Describe the Watchmen

A

The watchmen patrolled the town at night, they were paid little for their job.

24
Q

Who setup the bow street runners

A

Henry Fielding

25
Q

Describe the bow street runners

A

They were established in 1749, They were paid, At first there were only six Bow Street runners

26
Q

Describe the establishment of the Metropolitan Police

A

Established in 1829 Metropolitan Police Act established the Metropolitan Police in central London. They covered an area with a radius of seven miles from the centre of London.

27
Q

Describe detterance

A

Deterrence means to discourage someone from doing a crime by making them afraid of the consequences.

28
Q

Give 3 Capital Punishments

A

Beheaded, Hung drawn Quartered and burnt at the stake

29
Q

Give 3 Corporal Punishments

A

Branding, Scolds Bridle and mutilation

30
Q

Where did prisoners get sent to?

A

Australia where they would work and do hard labour

31
Q

Describe the Separate system

A

In separate system prisons, prisoners were isolated from each other, kept alone in cells for weeks and worked on machines such as the crank.

32
Q

Describe the Silent System

A

In silent system prisons, inmates were forced to do boring, repetitive tasks such as passing a heavy cannon ball, in complete silence. They slept on hard beds and ate basic food like bread and drank water.

33
Q

When was the death penalty abolished

A

1965

34
Q

Where did young offenders go?

A

To borstals a prison for young criminals

35
Q

How did JPs treat vagabonds

A

Whipped them

36
Q

What was the corporal punishment used in Wales and describe it

A

Ceffyl pren, People would get carried around the town strapped to a wooden board and people would throw rocks and rotten food.

37
Q

What is a hulk

A

A floating prison which is on a boat

38
Q

What would people receive when they complete their sentence of hard labour

A

A ticket of leave which takes 7 years and they go back to Britain or freedom which they get to stay at the location they were brought too.

39
Q

Which 3 people helped with prison reform

A

John Howard, Elizabeth Fly and G O Paul

40
Q

Describe The silent System

A

Makes prison life as bad as possible, the crank, shop drill and the tread wheel, pointless jobs, passing the cannon ball and make people not want to reoffend

41
Q

Describe the seperate System

A

In separate system prisons, prisoners were isolated from each other in individual cells and were kept alone in cells for weeks. Prison chaplains would visit their cells and try to encourage them to live a more Christian, crime-free life, Prisoners were only allowed out of their cells for exercise and church services, They had to wear masks when exercising and did useful work, making boots etc…

Wjec Year 11 Topic Revision (2 decks)

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