History - Civil War Flashcards
What was the cause of the civil war?
Slavery
What was the “Great Compromise”
The founders agreed to count slaves as three-fifths of a land-owning white male
Who was the president and vice president of the confederacy?
Jefferson Davis and Alexander Stephens
Who introduced the new Confederate Constitution?
Alexander Stephens
What was the Missouri Compromise in 1820?
the government agreed to admit slave states and free states at the same rate to maintain the balance between the two
T/F California joined as a free state?
True
What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 introduce?
territories could vote on whether to allow slavery
Who raided the Federal arsenal/armory at Harper’s Ferry, VA?
John Brown
What year did Lincoln give his “House Divided Speech?
1858
What did Lincoln declare in the “House Divided” speech?
slavery had to end - or it would overtake the country
When did Abraham Lincoln become president?
1860
How did Abraham Lincoln become president?
He was the only republican candidate and the democratic party was split into three seperate camps
What was the first state to succeed?
South Carolina
What six states followed South Carolina in seccession?
Mississippi, Flordia, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas
What four states first threatened secession?
Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina
Who first took charge of the Union Army?
Gen. Winfield Scott
What 11 states eventually formed the Confederate States of America?
South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina
What was general Scott’s strategy for the War?
The Anaconda Plan - called for the capture of the Mississippi River and a blockade of Southern Ports.
What was the Confederates plan for the war?
To defend everything
What was the first battle of the Civil War?
The Battle of Fort Sumter
What was the biggest cause of death during the Civil War?
Sickness and Disease due to poor medical treatment
T/F for every man killed in action two died behind the lines due to illness and disease?
True
What % of the union army was African Americans?
10% over 180,000 African Americans participated
What was a problem Confederate States faced?
They had a problem with resources and competent leadership
What was the name of the first submarine?
The CSS Hunley
What happened to the CSS Hunley?
It sunk three total times and was successful in destroying one ship
T/F the CSS Hunley was operated by the Union?
False
What were the name of the two first ironclad ships?
The Monitor and Merrimac
What was used by both sides for reconnaissance?
Balloons
_________ were used in defense of a fortified position, 50 or 100 feet to the front.
Chevaux-de-friese
What was the first land battle of the Civil War?
First Manassas also known as First Bull Run
Who won the First Manassas that took place 21 July 1861?
Confederate Army
Who lead the Union during the Peninsula Campaign in an attempt to capture the Confederate capital at Richmond?
George B. McClellan
What did McClellan do during the Peninsula Campaign?
Steamed his Army of the Potomac down the Chesapeake Bay, landed at Fort Monroe, and marched it up the Peninsula between the James and York Rivers
What was the outcome of the seven days’ battles?
Drove the principle Union Army away from the Confederate capital
When was the second Manassas?
1862
Who was the general during the Second Manassas?
General Lee
What did General Lee do during the Second Manassas?
routed the second prong of the Union effort against Richmond
What is this a picture of?
Cheval de Frise
What were the first metal ships known as?
Ironclad ships
The USS Monitor was an ironclad ship on which side of the civil war?
The Union
What is the name of the first submarine to sink a ship during war?
CSS Hunley
What was the single bloodiest day during the civil war?
The Battle of Antietam 17 September 1862 (23,0000 died)
What is another name for Antietam?
Sharpsburg
What two generals were in charge during the battle of Antietam?
General McClellan and General Lee
What stopped the the Europen countries from recognizing the Confederate States of America?
The emancipation proclamation issued by President Linoln which made slavery the main issue of the war
In what battle was General Thomas (stonewall) Jackson killed?
Chancellorsville, VA 2-4 May 1863
How was General (stonewall) Jackson killed?
Friendly fire
What battle was one of the largest and costliest battles ever fought in North America?
Battle of Gettysburg
What campaign led to the Tennessee River being opened to union gunboats and shipping?
The Henry/Donelson campaign
What was the bloodies campaign of the civil war?
Vicksburg Campaign
What campaign opened the Mississippi to the union and split the confederacy in half?
Vicksburg campaign
Who lead the Vicksburg campaign?
Ulysses S. Grant
What battle was key for the re-election of President Lincoln
Atlanta, GA between 6 may - September 1863
What are the other names
Of the Overland Campaign?
Grant’s Overland Campaign and the Wilderness Campaign
What two generals faced off during the overland campaign?
Grant and Lee
Which side won the overland campaign?
Although Grant suffered severe losses during the campaign, it was a strategic Union victory.
Where did Robert E. Lee surrender?
The Wilmer McClain house
When did Robert E. Lee surrender?
09 April 1865
Reverend John Forsyth of Aberdeenshire created the _____ in 1805.
Percussion Cap
After the battle of _________, the Confederacy’s doom was assured.
Appomattox, VA 19-21 Mar 1865
______ was an essential branch of the armed forces; Most had an effective range of about 1500 yards.
Artillery
Cumbersome devices, mounted at a fixed angle.
Mortar
Designed for approximately 10,000 prisoners. Ended up with crowding so severe that each man had approximately 4 yards of living space.
Confederate prison - Andersonville, GA
The man credited with being able to match confederate Leaders.
Ulysses S. Grant
“Gatling Gun’s” were invented but rarely used, why?
Considered a waste of metallic cartridges/ammunition.
