History ch.5

Question 1

Who were the Patriots?

Answer 1

Patriots (also called Whigs) were Americans who believed the colonies had the right to govern themselves.

Question 2

Who were the Loyalists?

Answer 2

Loyalists (also called Tories) were colonists who felt a deep loyalty to Great Britain. They saw themselves as faithful subjects of the king.

Question 3

What was the date of Paul Revere’s ride?

Answer 3

April 18, 1775

Question 4

What was life like in the colonies before 1763?

Answer 4

Before 1763, the colonies enjoyed life free of British control. Americans governed themselves. Each Colony elected its own assembly. Each assembly decided how tax money should be spent.

Question 5

What is a militia?

Answer 5

a small army made up of ordinary citizens who are available to fight in an emergency.

Question 6

What was the conflict in the Ohio Valley?

Answer 6

As the colonies grew, settlers began to dream of moving across the Appalachian Mountains and into the Ohio Valley—the region between the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. Both Great Britain and France claimed this area. In 1754, the French made good on their claim by building a fort where the city of Pittsburgh stands today. They called it Fort Duquesne (du-KANE)

Question 7

Who headed up the Virginia militia to drive the French out of the Ohio Valley?

Answer 7

George Washington

Question 8

What year was the Ohio Valley conflict

Answer 8

1754

Question 9

What was the name of the war that followed the Ohio conflict?

Answer 9

The French and Indian War (named because the many Native Americans fought with French)

Question 10

in 1755, the British sent 1,400 soldiers to Virginia. Who was the name of the “bumbling” general who led the fight?

Answer 10

General Braddock

Question 11

How long did the French and Indian war last?

Answer 11

seven years

Question 12

In 1763, Britain and France signed a peace treaty ending the war. What was the result of this treaty?

Answer 12

France ceded, or gave, Canada to Great Britain.

Question 13

Who became King of England in 1760?

Answer 13

George III, (determined to be a”take charge” kind of ruler, especially in the colonies. This enraged the colonists.

Question 14

What was the Proclamation of 1763?

Answer 14

The Proclamation of 1763 prohibited settlers from moving west of the Appalachians. King George III hoped this would prevent conflict between colonists and American Indians

Question 15

What is tyranny?

Answer 15

The unjust use of government power. A ruler who uses power in this way is called a tyrant.

Question 16

What was the Stamp Act?

Answer 16

The Stamp Act required colonists to buy stamp for all paper products. The colonists reacted angrily to the act. This illustration shows them hanging effigies, or dummies, of British officials. The colonists’ protests forced Parliament to repeal the act.

Question 17

Why did England create the Stamp Act?

Answer 17

To pay for the debt left over from the French and Indian War.

Question 18

Why were the colonists so enraged by this act?

Answer 18

“taxation without representation”, none of the colony assemblies has representatives in Parliament, so they had no right to tax them.

Question 19

What led to the Stamp act getting repealed (or canceled)?

Answer 19

Months of protests.

Question 20

What was the Quartering Act of 1765?

Answer 20

Called the Quartering Act, this law ordered colonial assemblies to provide British troops with quarters, or housing. The colonists were also told to furnish the soldiers with “candles, firing, bedding, cooking utensils, salt, vinegar, and . . . beer or cider.”

Question 21

What was the Townshend Act of 1767?

Answer 21

The new laws placed a duty, or tax, on certain goods the colonies imported from Great Britain. These goods included such popular items as glass, paint, paper, and tea.

Question 22

Who was the Boston Patriot who let the opposition to the Townshend Acts?

Answer 22

Samuel Adams

Question 23

What is a boycott?

Answer 23

To refuse to buy one or more goods from a certain source. An organized refusal by many people is also called a boycott

Question 24

What led to the repeal of the Townshend Acts?

Answer 24

Early in 1770, North persuaded Parliament to repeal all of the Townshend duties, except for one—the tax on tea. Some members of Parliament argued that keeping the duty on tea was asking for more trouble. But King George wasn’t ready to give up on the idea of taxing Americans. “I am clear that there must always be one tax to keep up the right,” the king said. “And, as such, I approve the Tea Duty.”

Question 25

On the same day that Parliament repealed most of the Townshend duties, a fight broke out between soldiers and colonists in Boston. When the dust cleared, five Bostonians were dead and ten were injured.

What did the Patriots call this incident?

Answer 25

Boston Massacre

(A massacre is the killing of defenseless people. What really happened was a small riot)