History Ch. 3 Flashcards
The wave of immigrants that came to the new world in the 1700’s was called the ____ ____.
Great Migration
Once settled here, the population in the New World began to increase due to people getting married and starting families, this was called ____ ____.
Natural Increase
As more and more people started settling in the new world, they started to expand _____.
Quickly
Most of the settlers that came from America were from _____.
England
English customs, language, and style of _____ influenced all of the colonies.
Government
The Germans that came to the new world were encouraged to settle in _____.
Pennsylvania
Most of the Germans were _____ who came to America for religious freedom.
Lutherans
The second largest group of immigrants were the _____-_____.
Scots-Irish
They settled in the backcountry of the _____ & _____.
Carolina’s & Georgia
By 1760, Africans made up _____% of the population of South Carolina.
60
Africans lacked a _____ voice. That other immigrants had in this country.
Representative
Explain why slavery became so prevalent in the south. Was the south a slave society or a society with slaves. Defend your position.
The South based it’s economy in cash crops. The more crops, the more money they got. The south was a…
Explain what the middle passage was.
The middle passage was the middle part of the trade ship’s route around the Atlantic ocean. British slave traders arrived on the Atlantic coast (west) of Africa, they bought African slaves from other Africans.
What were some of the conditions African’s faces during this journey?
The living conditions were crowded. They sometimes had to sleep on top of one another, lay in theirs/other people’s feces/urine, it was unsanitary..lacked clean air…people had diseases and if they did, they would be told to jump off or the ship.
As populations grew, settlers spread out west, the _____ mountains formed the western border to the colonies.
Appalachian
The _____ was the undeveloped area at the edge of the settled areas - it was also called the _____.
Backcountry
Settlers followed _____ inland to be able to send their crops to the markets on the coast.
Rivers
The north-south highway that ran along the base of the Appalachian mountains was called the _____ _____ _____ due to the wagons that were used at the time to transport people and goods.
Great Wagon Road
Once colonists figured out how not to die they started producing extra goods they could sell and a ____ network developed.
Trade
Most people that came to the new world were _____ and they had to grow food to feed their families.
Farmers
People who could raise just enough crops and livestock to provide for their families were called _____ farmers.
Subsistence
Describe why it was hard to farm in the New England colonies…what did they have in those colonies as a way to make money?
The land had hills and low mountains and lacked flat farmland and fertile/abundant soil. They made their money by fishing, whaling, providing timber for the ship building industry, and supplied ships for England.
The middle colonies were called the _____ colonies due to the fact that they produced cereal grains.
Bread
They also began exporting _____ due to the good pastures in those colonies.
Livestock
Settlers in the western part of the middle colonies trapped _____ for their _____ which they traded with the _____ for more furs.
Animals
Furs
Indians
Albany, New York became an early _____ center.
Fur-trade
What was the primary activity in the South?
Agriculture
What sort of crops did they grow in the South?
Corn
Tobacco
Rice
Indigo
What were “plantations”?
Large farms
Describe the triangular trade-route? Who were the 3 countries involved?
A trade network which was shaped as a triangle…North America, England, & Africa
Africa sent _____ to America. America sent ___, ___, ___, etc.
Slaves
Iron, textiles, rum, etc
Africa sent ___, ___, ___ etc. to England.
Gold, ivory, spices, etc.
England sent _____ _____ to Africa.
Manufactured goods
America sent _____ _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, etc. to England.
Whale oil, lumber, furs, rum, rice, etc.
England sent _____ _____ to America.
Manufactured goods
As the colonists became more spread out there started pushing _____ out of their land.
Indians
While the Indians believed land should be _____, the Europeans did not share land.
Shared
The Indians were afraid of the numbers of Europeans and the _____ that they used.
Weapons
What were some of the other motives Europeans had of converting Indians to Christianity?
- Concerned for their souls
- They thought God’s instruction said that the Indians should subdue the earth
- They believed that if the Indians were converted they would be more like the Europeans and be able to be controlled and America would become a safe country.
Puritan minister _____ _____ printed the first Bible in the new world - it was in the language of the _____ Indians.
John Eliot
Algonquin
Indians who became Christians moved to _____ towns to learn about the bible and the European way of life.
Praying
_____ Rebellion started as a conflict with the Indians and ended with a conflict along the settlers. This was the first time English colonies attempted to take rule of the colonies from the _____’s monarchy.
Virginia’s
Explain the differences between governors and the legislature in the early colonies - How did the legislature help keep the governor in line?
Governor: veto laws, regulated land grants, command local army (militia)
Legislature: over the governor. “Power of the purse”, paid governor’s salary, & financed governor’s activities.
Legislature kept governor in line by being able to refuse paying for programs and his salary as well.
What type of taxes did the citizens pay?
Property tax/poll tax
What did the taxes go towards?
The colonial government’s income
A free, adult, white male property owner was called an____.
Freeholder
The _____ was the basic unit of government in New England and they held _____ _____ meetings where everyone had a day and could vote in issues involving the colony.
Township
Town meeting
What became the most prominent shipping center in the trading center (they imported slaves):
Boston
