History Ch 2 Flashcards
Diet
parliament-like meeting between the rulers of the Holy Roman Empire
Indulgences
letters signed by the pope or a bishop in which all your sins were forgiven
Reformation
the split between the Catholics and the Protestant church
Protestants
all Christian religions that are non Catholic
Treaty of Augsburg
treaty in which each German ruler could choose if his princedom would be Catholic or Protestant
Counter-reformation:
Catholic reaction to the reformation, meant to protect their church and reform all Protestants
Inquisition
the systematic persecution of Protestants in Europe
Index
a list of books banned by the Catholic Church
Gewesten
the seventeen provinces that formed the Low Countries
States General
a general meeting with representatives from all provinces
Governor
the person who rules an area for the King while he is away
Tolerance
to allow things that are forbidden by the government of your country, or that are not common
Stadtholder
a nobleman who represented the king in one or more provinces
Compromise of Nobles
a petition of Dutch nobles for Philip II to lower taxes, return some of the province’s power and ease up on the persecution of Protestants
Iconoclastic Fury
destruction and theft of art in churches, nunneries and monasteries throughout the Low Countries
Council of Troubles
a special tribunal sent by Philip II to the Low countries to convict the people involved in the Iconoclastic Fury
Dutch Revolt
the rise of the Northern provinces of the Low Countries against Alva
Geuzen
Protestants who fled from Alva’s Council of Troubles; they supported William of Orange in his rebellion
Watergeuzen
geuzen that operated at sea
Fortified towns
cities with high walls and sometimes moats to protect them from attacks
To besiege
surrounding a city or castle with the intention of taking it over or starving its people out
Spanish fury
mutiny of Spanish mercenaries in which they plundered and burned down Antwerp
Union of Utrecht
the alliance of the Northern provinces of the Low Countries against Spain
Act of abjuration
the official declaration of independence from Philip II by the Northern provinces of the Low Countries
