History and winemaking Flashcards
When was Spécial Club started?
1971
List 5 producers that make a special club bottling
Paul Bara
Pierre Gimonnet
Gaston Chiquet
J.Lassalle
A. Margaine
What are the rules for Special Club wines?
Viticulture, vinification, and bottling must occur on the estate
A vintage must be declared worthy of a special club bottling
All base wine and finished wine must undergo tasting analysis
Must be bottled in a Spécial Club bottle
What is the name of the organisation that regulates Special Club bottlings?
Club Trésors de Champagne
Who started the Terres et Vins de Champagne?
Raphaël Bérêche and Aurélien Laherte
Who was Dom Perignon and what were his contributions to Champagne?
The cellarmaster at the Abbey of Hautvillers from 1668-1715, and a master of assemblage.
What is the oldest still operating Champagne house?
Gosset, 1584
Who developed the first brut Champagne?
Pommery, in 1874, called “Nature”
When was Champagne first delimited, and what was controversial about the decision?
- It excluded the Aube.
When was the Aube added to Champagne?
1927
How is saignée rosé Champagne made?
Color is derived by maceration on the skins rather then by blending of a red wine
What is blocage?
The reserve of wine stocks
What is transvasage?
The transfer, or Kriter method: The wine undergoes secondary fermentation in bottle, but rather than submit to riddling, the bottles are disgorged into a pressurized tank, filtered, and then bottled with dosage.
Why is Pinot Meunier popular in the Valee de la Marne?
It buds late and ripens early, which is good in a frost-prone region
What is the max % of a years harvest may be sold as vintage Champagne?
80
What % of a vintage must a vintage dated champagne contain?
100%
What is the min élevage for a NV Champagne? For a vintage Champagne?
Min 15 months from date of tirage
Min 36 months from date of tirage
What is the continuous method?
Wine is pumped through a series of interconnected tanks through the secondary fermentation, with more liqueur de tirage added constantly. As the lees accumulate, they create a higher degree of autolyzed flavors in the wine.
Who discovered the relationship between sugar and fermentation?
Jean Antoine Chaptal
Chaptalization is named for him
What is unique about Champagne’s labeling?
They are the only AOC/AOP that is not required to include “appellation contrôlée/protégée” on the label.
When did the INAO expand the boundaries of Champagne?
2009 (for the first time since 1927)
What are boues de villes?
Sterilised trash from Paris or Reims that was spread in the vineyards of Champagne to break up clay and prevent erosion
When was the Échelle des Crus established?
1911
When did grape prices cease to be fixed by the Échelle de Cru?
1990
When was the Échelle des Crus abolished?
2010
