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piano grade 6 theory > history and terms > Flashcards

history and terms Flashcards

1
Q

which studied piece is written for 3 soloists and a string orchestra?

A

brandenburg concerto no. 5

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2
Q

which studied piece is a chamber work composed by wolfgang amadeus mozart?

A

eine kleine nachtmusik

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3
Q

which studied piece is a concerto grosso composed by johann sebastian bach?

A

brandenburg concerto no. 5

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4
Q

which studied piece is a baroque era work originally written for harpsichord or clavichord?

A

invention in c major

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5
Q

which studied piece is a classical era work written in sonata form?

A

eine kleine nachtmusik

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6
Q

italian term meaning
from the beginning

A

da capo

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7
Q

italian term meaning
suddenly

A

subito

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8
Q

italian term meaning
upper part of a duet

A

primo

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9
Q

italian term meaning
with fire

A

con fuoco

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10
Q

italian term meaning
return to the normal register

A

loco

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11
Q

italian term meaning
fairly fast

A

allegretto

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12
Q

italian term meaning
continue in the same manner

A

simile

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13
Q

which studied piece’s first movement is in ritornello form?

A

brandenburg concerto no. 5

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14
Q

which studied piece is played on piano today but was originally composed for harpsichord?

A

invention in c major

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15
Q

which studied piece is performed by harpsichord, violin, flute, and string orchestra?

A

brandenburg concerto

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16
Q

which studied piece’s first movement demonstrates sonata form in G major?

A

eine kleine nachtmusik

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17
Q

which studied piece is based on a motive that is treated using imitation, inversion, transposition, and sequence?

A

invention in c major

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18
Q

english meaning of
subito

A

suddenly

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19
Q

english meaning for
con brio

A

with vigor, spirit

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20
Q

english meaning for
sforzando

A

sudden strong accent of a single note or chord

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21
Q

english meaning for
piu mosso

A

more movement (quicker)

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22
Q

english meaning for
loco

A

return to the original register

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23
Q

english meaning for
meno

A

less

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24
Q

english meaning for
troppo

A

too much

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25
Q

what is the term for
a texture consisting of a single line of melody supported by a harmonic accompaniment?

A

homophonic texture

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26
Q

what is the term for
a baroque orchestral work, usually in 3 movements, in which a group of solo instruments is contrasted with a full string orchestra

A

concerto grosso

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27
Q

what is the term for
a baroque orchestral work, usually in 3 movements, in which a single solo instrument is contrasted with a full string orchestra?

A

concerto

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28
Q

what is the term for
the third section in sonata form

A

recapitulation

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29
Q

what is the term for
a motive or phrase that is repeated at a higher or lower pitch in the same voice

A

imitation

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30
Q

what is the term for
the musical era that spans ca 1750-1825

A

classical era

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31
Q

what is the opposite of tre corde?

A

una corda

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32
Q

what is the opposite of meno?

A

piuw

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33
Q

hat is the opposite of primo?

A

secondo

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34
Q

what is the opposite of senza?

A

con

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35
Q

what is the opposite of grave?

A

animato

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36
Q

english for con grazia

A

with grace

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37
Q

english for sempre staccato

A

continuously detached

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38
Q

english for una corda?

A

one string (left pedal on piano)

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39
Q

name the composer of eine kleine nauchtmusik

A

wolfgang amadeus mozart

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40
Q

name 3 instruments found in eine kleine nauchtmusik

A

harpsichord, violin, flute, string orchestra

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41
Q

name the composer of brandenburg concerto no. 5

A

johann sebastian bach

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42
Q

name 3 instruments found in brandenburg concerto

A

harpischord, violin, flute, orchestra

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43
Q

time span of baroque era

A

1600-1750

44
Q

which studied piece is in a solo keyboard style?

A

invention in c major

45
Q

which studied piece is meant to be played by a baroque orchestra?

A

brandenburg concerto no. 5

46
Q

describe polyphonic texture and name the piece it’s found in

A
  • the combination of two or more independent melodic lines
  • also known as contrapuntal texture (or counterpoint)
    (the non melodic part would still sound like a melody)
    INVENTION IN C MAJOR
47
Q

describe an invention and name the piece it’s found in

A
  • a keyboard composition
  • in polyphonic texture
  • based on imitation
    INVENTION IN C MAJOR
48
Q

describe a motive

A
  • a short melodic or rhythmic fragment
  • used to build a melody
49
Q

describe imitation and name the piece it’s in

A
  • repetition of the same motive in another voice/part
    INVENTION IN C MAJOR
50
Q

describe sequence and name the piece it’s in

A
  • a motive or phrase that is repeated at a higher or lower PITCH in the SAME VOICE
    INVENTION IN C MAJOR
51
Q

genre of invention in c major

A

solo keyboard work

52
Q

what instruments used in invention in c major

A

written for harpsichord or clavichord, ,now played on piano

53
Q

texture of invention in c major

A

polyphonic texture with imitative counterpoint

54
Q

compositional devices in invention in c major

A

seven-note motive –> treated using imitation, inversion, transposition, sequence

55
Q

in invention in c major:
- one hand leads while the other follows
- the opening measure is repeated up a fifth
- the motive is used upside down
- the inverted motive is repeated in a descending pattern
NAME THE TERMS REFERRED TO IN ORDER

A

imitation, transposition, inversion, sequence

56
Q

describe an affect

A

a single idea or emotion upon which music is often based

57
Q

describe concerto grosso and name the piece it’s found in

A
  • a baroque orchestral work
  • usually in three movements –> fast–slow–fast
  • a group of solo instruments (concertino) is contrasted with a full string orchestra (ripieno)
    BRANDENBURG CONCERTO NO. 5
58
Q

describe ritornello form and name the piece it’s found in

A
  • a form often used in the first and third movements of a concerto grosso
  • the opening passage (ritornello or “refrain”) is repeated throughout the movement
    BRANDENBURG CONCERTO NO. 5
59
Q

in a group of solo instruments that is contrasted with a full string orchestra in a piece, what are the italian terms for both the group of solo instruments and the orchestra?

A

solo - concertino
orchestra - ripieno

60
Q

genre of brandendburg concerto

A

concerto grosso

61
Q

key of brandenburg concerto

A

d major

62
Q

tempo marking (term) of brandenburg concerto

A

allegro

63
Q

structure of brandenburg concerto

A

ritornello form

64
Q

describe the opening ritornello in brandenburg concerto
(consider which instrument is prominent, the types of notes, the role to the ripieno)

A
  • violins outlining tonic chord
  • constant sixteenth-note movement propels the music forward
  • ripieno blend in with orchestra instead of standing out
65
Q

desribe a cadenza and name the piece its used in

A

a solo passage in an improvisatory style that demonstrates the virtuosity of the performer (they get to show off and make the conclusion dramatic)

66
Q

when was the classical era?

A

1750-1825

67
Q

difference of texture between baroque and classical eras

A

baroque texture was more polyphonic but classical was lighter and texture was more homophonic

68
Q

classical era focuses

A

elegance, sophistication, balance, symmetry

69
Q

major genres of classical era that mozart contributed to

A

he contributed to all major genres
opera, symphonies, sonatas, concertos, chamber music

70
Q

define a serenade and name the piece which is one

A

often an entertainment for viennese audiences
EINE KLEINE NAUCHTMUSIK

71
Q

describe chamber music and name the piece that is described this way

A
  • music for a small ensemble (2-10 players)
  • one player per part
  • no conductor
    EINE KLEINE NAUCHTMUSIK
72
Q

describe homphonic texture and name the piece its found in

A
  • a single line of melody supported by a harmonic accompaniment
    (the accompaniment would sound weird on its own)
    EINE KLEINE NAUCHTMUSIK
73
Q

describe sonata form (and name its sections) and name the piece its found in

A
  • most important musical form invented in the classical era
  • consists of sections: exposition, development, recapitulation
  • a musical journey with a statement, departure, and return
    EINE KLEINE NAUCHTMUSIK
74
Q

describe and name the first section of a sonata

A

exposition
- main themes are stated
- often has two contrasting themes

75
Q

describe and name the second section of a sonata

A

development
- themes developed
- often changes keys

76
Q

describe and name the third section of a sonata

A

recapitulation
- return to main themes from exposition

77
Q

genre of eine kleine nauchtmusik

A

chamber music

78
Q

key of eine kleine nauchtmusik

A

g major

79
Q

tempo marking (term) of eine kleine nauchtmusik

A

allegro

80
Q

form of eine kleine nauchtmusik

A

sonata

81
Q

name 3 instuments in eine kleine nauchtmusik

A

two violins, viola, cello, optional double bass (often a small string orchestra)

82
Q

describe the opening of eine kleine nauchtmusik

A
  • lively unison melody (the famous one)
  • outlining tonic and dominant chords
  • leads towards dominant key
83
Q

what happens in the development of eine kleine nauchtmusik?

A

key changes to other dominant, subdominant, and parallel minor keys

84
Q

ad libitum

A

or ad lib., means at the liberty of the performer

85
Q

accent

A

a stressed note

86
Q

adagio

A

slow

87
Q

alla
or
all’

A

in the manner of

88
Q

allegretto

A

fairly fast

89
Q

andantino

A

a little faster than a walking pace (which is andante)

90
Q

what italian term means the same as decrescendo?

A

diminuendo

91
Q

grave

A

slow, solemn

92
Q

larghetto

A

fairly slow, but not very slow

93
Q

largo

A

very slow

94
Q

leggiero

A

light, nimble, quick

95
Q

loco

A

return to the normal register

96
Q

how do you say right hand in italian?

A

mano destra, m.d.

97
Q

how do you say left hand in italian?

A

mano sinestra, m.s.

98
Q

meno

A

less

99
Q

molto

A

much, very

100
Q

piu

A

more

101
Q

quasi

A

almost, as if

102
Q

what italian term has a similar definition to ritardando?

A

rallentando, rall.

103
Q

sempre

A

always, continuously

104
Q

tre corde

A

three strings (release the left piano pedal)

105
Q

vivace

A

lively, brisk

piano grade 6 theory (1 decks)

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