history and Structure of Policing (chp 5)

Question 1

bow street runners

Answer 1

created by Henry Fielding; the best and most disciplined enforcement agents that London had to offer

Question 2

new police

Answer 2

the model for modern-day police forces throughout the western world; they were uniformed (like military) and adopted military administration style

Question 3

who created the new police and when?

Answer 3

1829; Sir Robert Peel

Question 4

bobbies

Answer 4

organized under two principles:

• the belief it was possible to discourage crime
• the practice of preventative administration style

Question 5

american policing and the frontier

Answer 5

huge uncharted territory made it difficult to track and punish criminals; citizen posses and vigilante groups were often the only law available

Question 6

when and where was the first formal organization of watchmen created?

Answer 6

1844 creation of NY police department

Question 7

where was the second police department created?

Answer 7

1855- boston

Question 8

International association of chiefs of police (IACP)

Answer 8

became the nation wide clearing house of criminal identification

Question 9

Alice Stebbins Wells

Answer 9

first woman to join the police force

Question 10

which police department became the first to have a woman police officer?

Answer 10

1910 Los Angeles Police Department

Question 11

fraternal order of police (FOP)

Answer 11

patterned after labor unions but didn’t support strikes

Question 12

Wickersham commission

Answer 12

recognized that prohibition was unenforceable and reported that it carried a great potential for police corruption

Question 13

law enforcement assistance (LEAA)

Answer 13

Funneled federal money to pay for crime reporting, technology, research…

Question 14

Evidence-Based Policing

Answer 14

the use of the best available research on the outcomes of police work to implement guidelines and evaluate agencies, units, and officers

Question 15

Kansas city experiment

Answer 15

first large scale scientific study of law enforcement; applied and evaluated police managment

Question 16

true or false: today’s EBP model has been called the single “most powerful force for change” in policing today

Answer 16

true

Question 17

Pennsylvania state police

Answer 17

“the first modern state police agency”

Question 18

state level agencies are divided into two two groups

Answer 18

centralized and decentralized

Question 19

centralized model

Answer 19

the tasks of major criminal investigations are combined with the patrol of state highways;

• help assist local law enforcement in criminal investigations, -patrol the state’s highways
• maintain a centralized criminal records repository

Question 20

decentralized model

Answer 20

draw a clear distinction between traffic enforcement on state highways and other state-level law enforcement functions by creating at least two separate agencies

Question 21

what are the three legislative and judicial jurisdictions in the US?

Answer 21

federal, state, and local

Question 22

example of local police

Answer 22

rural sheriff’s department, campus police and transit police

Question 23

what is the nations largest law enforcement agency?

Answer 23

NYPD

Question 24

sworn officer

Answer 24

a law enforcement officer who is trained and empowered to perform full police duties, such as making arrests, conducting investigations, and carrying firearms

Question 25

municipal police department

Answer 25

a city- or town-based law enforcement angency

Question 26

sheriff

Answer 26

the elected chief officers of a county law enforcement agency

Question 27

true or false: about half of all local agencies employ fewer than ten full time officers

Answer 27

true

Question 28

responsibilities of sheriffs

Answer 28

usually responsible for law enforcement in unincorporated areas and for the operation of county jail, serving court papers and maintaining security within the state courtrooms

Question 29

LEAA funding example

Answer 29

LEAA 20 mill –> federal 10mil –> state 5mill –> county 2mil –> tally 500k

• Narcotics 10k
• Homicide 10k
• Patrol 10k

Question 30

Watch & ward system

Answer 30

Bailors (watchmen) performed “night watches” on corners to detect mostly fires & thieves

Question 31

Ford foundation

Answer 31

established police development fund to pay for police research
–> established police foundation- started, supported, and divided the southern part of Kansas into 15 parts for the Kansas city experiment