History And Social Context Flashcards
War during late 1800. Start of conflict no professional nurses available. Women volunteered as nurses.
American civil war
Lived in Britain. Daughter of privileged aristocratic family. Entered into nursing at 30. Started reform based on Crimean war.
Florence nightingale
Dorotha dix, Mary bickerdyke and Clara Barton emerged during what war?
Civil war.
Union superintendent of women nurses. Champion for mental health.
Dorothea Dix
Founded American Red Cross
Clara Barton.
During late 1800 what were three American schools were molded after nightingales school?
Bellevue training school
Connecticut
Boston (Mass Gen)
Requirements for early nursing school students were based on which stereotypes?
Victorian women
Discrimination against which three races in early training?
Make
African American
Jewish
First school for men in 1986
School for male nurses at NYC
First school for African Americans
Atlanta baptist female seminary (Spelman College)
National league for nursing (NLN) was formed where?
Chicago world far 1893
Isabel Robb, Lavainia Llyod Dock, Bedford Fenwick and paper by Florence Nightingale. These nursing leaders emerged after what?
Chicago worlds fair.
Besides world fair what other two pivotal points occurred in late 1800?
ANA. American Nurses Association
INC. International council of nurses
Founded ANA.
Isabel Hampton Robb (also part of worlds fair)
In early 1900 which two pivotal points in nursing occurred?
National association for colored nurses
African American students admitted to ANA in the north.
Addresses serious health conditions of immigrants. Provides services for visiting nurses, well baby clinics, disease prevention. Founded in NYC.
Henry street settlement.
Founded Henry street settlement.
Lillian Wald.
Part of Henry street settlement. Fought for safe contraception and family planning.
Margaret Sanger
Established stillman house.
Jessie sleet scales and Elizabeth Tyler.
Branch of Henry street settlement. Severed colored people.
Stillman house.
Besides American civil war. What other war created a need for nurses in late 1800.
Spanish American War.
Widespread epidemic of typhoid fever occurred during this war?
Spanish American war.
Spanish American war set the stage for developing which to military nursing organizations?
Army corps (1901) Navy corps (1908)
What four states in 1903 licensure?
NC
NY
NJ
VA
- What organization administered First Nation-wide state board test?
NLN
Years? Influenza epidemic
Entered in WWII
Frontier of nursing service established
1917-1930
Provided first organized US midwifery program in Appalachian mountains.
Mary Breckinridge
Years? Great Depression
SS act
School health services (CWA)
1931-1945
Hill-burton act
Rapid expansion of facilities
“Team nursing” introduced.
1945-1960
Provided funds to contrast hospitals.
Hill Burton act
Medicare and Medicaid established
Increases employment of nurses in hospitals.
1961-1985
Nurse practitioner role for primary care nursing. What year?
1970
War that necessitated mobile hospitals units staffed by nurses without direct supervision.
Vietnam war
Hired by Carinage. Defined profession as. Intellectual, has own body of knowledge, practical, taught through specialized education.
Flexner
Idea of profession as a calling and qualifications.
Hall
Characteristics of a profession Consistent criteria:
Specialized knowledge
Ethics
Service/altruism
What makes occupation different to profession?
Type and length of preparation
Level of commitment
Values/beliefs
Core competencies
Barriers to professionalism to nursing;
Variability in education preparation
Gender issues
Historical influences
External and internal conflicts.
Bixlers criteria
Kelly’s criteria
Millers wheel
Nursing status as a profession.
Standards established by nursing profession itself by what three resources?
Social policy statement
Scope and standards of practice
Code of ethics.
