History and scope of microbiolgy Flashcards
Microorganisms are also known as?
microbes.
Microbiology is a branch of biology that deals with?
microorganisms and their effects on other living things
What is phototropic microorganisms?
organisms that harvest energy from sunlight
What is anoxygenic mean?
non-oxygen producing
What are the first phototrophs?
Purple sulfur bacteria and green sulfur bacteria
Humans are considered as what phototrophs?
Oxygenic
What is the ultimate tool for studying microbiology?
Microscope
Who illustrated the first know image of microscope and fruiting moulds?
Robert Hooke
who constructed a single lens microscope and first to observe bacteria by using pepper-water infusion?
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
who constructed a single lens microscope and first to observe bacteria by using pepper-water infusion?
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
What is Louis Pasteur experimented with?
the process of fermentation and sterilization
who introduced the aseptic technique to kill and prevent microbial infection in surgical patients?
Joseph Lister
who introduced the method of hand washing?
Ignaz Semmelweis
who discovered the causative agent of diseases like anthrax, cholera, and tuberculosis?
Robert Koch
who developed a transparent double-sided dish known as the “Petri dish” and what is the used of it?
Richard Petri, for obtaining pure cultures.
What are the different theories in microbilogy?
Cell Theory by Robert Hooke, Spontaneous Generation Theory, Germ Theory of Disease or Koch’s postulate by Robert Koch
What does Cell theory state?
“All Living organisms are composed of cells”
What does Spontaneous generation theory state?
“Life could arise spontaneously from nonliving matter
what are the four criteria of Koch’s postulate
- microorganism must be found in organisms suffering from the disease but not in the healthy organism
- Microorganisms must be isolated from the diseased organism (grown in culture)
- The cultured microorganism should cause disease when introduced into a healthy organism
- the microorganism must be re-isolated, and the diseased experimental host is identified as being identical to the original causative agent.
