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Blood Bank > History and Genetics > Flashcards

History and Genetics Flashcards

1
Q

Encompassing all aspects of blood donation, blood component prep, blood cell serology, and blood transfusion therapy.

A

Transfusion medicine

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2
Q

Understanding different antigens found in the blood and the immunologic properties and reaction of blood components and constituents.

A

Immunohematology

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3
Q

“the life of the flesh is in the blood”

A

Leviticus 17:11

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4
Q

They drank the blood of fallen gladiators to transmit vitality and cure epilepsy.

A

Romans

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5
Q

Bathing in blood as it cascaded from a sacrificial bull.

A

Taurobolium

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6
Q

They bathed in blood to resuscitate the sick and rejuvenate the old.

A

Egyptians

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7
Q

He proved that arteries contain blood.

A

Galen

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8
Q

He made the four humors.

A

Hippocrates

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9
Q

While in a semi-comatose state, he received blood from 3 young boys.

A

Pope Innocent VII

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10
Q

Propose blood transfusion.

A

Andreas Libavius

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11
Q

Described the blood circulation of the body

A

William Harvey

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12
Q

First successful animal-to-animal transfusion using dogs.

A

Richard Lower

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13
Q

First documented animal-to-man transfusion.

A

Jean-Baptiste Denise

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14
Q

First human-to-human transfusion.

A

James Blundell

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15
Q

Discovered A, B, and C (O) blood types.

A

Karl Landsteiner

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16
Q

Discovered AB blood type.

A

Decastello and Sturli

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17
Q

Who adopted ABO nomenclature in 1928?

A

American Association of Immunologists

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18
Q

Developed nomenclature of Rh blood group system.

A

Ronald Fisher

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19
Q

Arteriovenous anastomosis through a two-pieced cannula of Bernheim.

A

Direct transfusion

20
Q

Performed first vein-to-vein transfusion

A

Edward Lindermann

21
Q

Performed direct blood transfusion using two silver cannulae inserted into the recipient and donor.

A

James Aveling

22
Q

He used Na phosphate solution as anticoagulant

A

John Braxton Hicks

23
Q

Performed first human transfusion with citrated blood

A

Albert Hustin

24
Q

He proved 0.2% Na citrate is an effective anticoagulant

A

Richard Lewisohn

25
Q

He developed a citrate-dextrose/glucose solution.

A

Rous and Turner

26
Q

Developed acid citrate dextrose solution (ACD) that helped the blood to be stored for up to 3-4 weeks.

A

Loutit and Mollison

27
Q

He developed citrate phosphate dextrose solution (CPD) that helped the blood to be stored for up to 28 days with better RBC survival than ACD.

A

Gibson

28
Q

A process where the desired component is separated and retained, and the remainder of the blood returned to the donor

A

Apheresis

29
Q

What principle predicts the gene frequency in a living population?

A

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

30
Q

Who proposed the Hardy-Weinberg Principle?

A

Godfrey Harold Hardy and Wilhelm Weinberg

31
Q

In what organelle does the genetic material mostly located?

A

nucleus

32
Q

Genetic material is organized into ___.

A

Chromatin

33
Q

What are the components of chromatin?

A

DNA and Protein

34
Q

What is the basic repeat elements?

A

nucleosome

35
Q

What composes the 46 chromosomes in humans?

A

44 autosomal + 2 sex chromosomes

36
Q

What type of cell division produce identical daughter cells?

A

mitosis

37
Q

What type of cell division produce gametes or sex cells and results into 4 daughter cells?

A

meiosis

38
Q

What is the formula for the Harden-Weinberg principle?

A

p + q = 1

39
Q

Enumerate 3 levels of genetics.

A
  1. Population genetics
  2. Cellular genetics
  3. Molecular genetics
40
Q

Identify Mendel’s Law of Inheritance.

  • dominant alleles will be expressed and recessive alleles will be concealed
A

Law of Dominance

41
Q

Identify Mendel’s Law of Inheritance.

  • separate traits are inherited independently
A

Law of Independent Assortment

42
Q

Identify Mendel’s Law of Inheritance.

  • two different alleles for each gene segregate randomly during meiosis
A

Law of Segregation

43
Q

What refers to the study of inheritance or the transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring?

A

Genetics

44
Q

What refers to an allele that does not appear to produce a detectable antigen?

A

Silent or Amorphic

45
Q

What refers to a condition when one (1) chromosome has the gene and the other has that gene absent?

A

Hemizygous

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