History and Genetics

Question 1

Encompassing all aspects of blood donation, blood component prep, blood cell serology, and blood transfusion therapy.

Answer 1

Transfusion medicine

Question 2

Understanding different antigens found in the blood and the immunologic properties and reaction of blood components and constituents.

Answer 2

Immunohematology

Question 3

“the life of the flesh is in the blood”

Answer 3

Leviticus 17:11

Question 4

They drank the blood of fallen gladiators to transmit vitality and cure epilepsy.

Answer 4

Romans

Question 5

Bathing in blood as it cascaded from a sacrificial bull.

Answer 5

Taurobolium

Question 6

They bathed in blood to resuscitate the sick and rejuvenate the old.

Answer 6

Egyptians

Question 7

He proved that arteries contain blood.

Answer 7

Galen

Question 8

He made the four humors.

Answer 8

Hippocrates

Question 9

While in a semi-comatose state, he received blood from 3 young boys.

Answer 9

Pope Innocent VII

Question 10

Propose blood transfusion.

Answer 10

Andreas Libavius

Question 11

Described the blood circulation of the body

Answer 11

William Harvey

Question 12

First successful animal-to-animal transfusion using dogs.

Answer 12

Richard Lower

Question 13

First documented animal-to-man transfusion.

Answer 13

Jean-Baptiste Denise

Question 14

First human-to-human transfusion.

Answer 14

James Blundell

Question 15

Discovered A, B, and C (O) blood types.

Answer 15

Karl Landsteiner

Question 16

Discovered AB blood type.

Answer 16

Decastello and Sturli

Question 17

Who adopted ABO nomenclature in 1928?

Answer 17

American Association of Immunologists

Question 18

Developed nomenclature of Rh blood group system.

Answer 18

Ronald Fisher

Question 19

Arteriovenous anastomosis through a two-pieced cannula of Bernheim.

Answer 19

Direct transfusion

Question 20

Performed first vein-to-vein transfusion

Answer 20

Edward Lindermann

Question 21

Performed direct blood transfusion using two silver cannulae inserted into the recipient and donor.

Answer 21

James Aveling

Question 22

He used Na phosphate solution as anticoagulant

Answer 22

John Braxton Hicks

Question 23

Performed first human transfusion with citrated blood

Answer 23

Albert Hustin

Question 24

He proved 0.2% Na citrate is an effective anticoagulant

Answer 24

Richard Lewisohn

Question 25

He developed a citrate-dextrose/glucose solution.

Answer 25

Rous and Turner

Question 26

Developed acid citrate dextrose solution (ACD) that helped the blood to be stored for up to 3-4 weeks.

Answer 26

Loutit and Mollison

Question 27

He developed citrate phosphate dextrose solution (CPD) that helped the blood to be stored for up to 28 days with better RBC survival than ACD.

Answer 27

Gibson

Question 28

A process where the desired component is separated and retained, and the remainder of the blood returned to the donor

Answer 28

Apheresis

Question 29

What principle predicts the gene frequency in a living population?

Answer 29

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

Question 30

Who proposed the Hardy-Weinberg Principle?

Answer 30

Godfrey Harold Hardy and Wilhelm Weinberg

Question 31

In what organelle does the genetic material mostly located?

Answer 31

nucleus

Question 32

Genetic material is organized into ___.

Answer 32

Chromatin

Question 33

What are the components of chromatin?

Answer 33

DNA and Protein

Question 34

What is the basic repeat elements?

Answer 34

nucleosome

Question 35

What composes the 46 chromosomes in humans?

Answer 35

44 autosomal + 2 sex chromosomes

Question 36

What type of cell division produce identical daughter cells?

Answer 36

mitosis

Question 37

What type of cell division produce gametes or sex cells and results into 4 daughter cells?

Answer 37

meiosis

Question 38

What is the formula for the Harden-Weinberg principle?

Answer 38

p + q = 1

Question 39

Enumerate 3 levels of genetics.

Answer 39

1. Population genetics 2. Cellular genetics 3. Molecular genetics

Question 40

Identify Mendel's Law of Inheritance. - dominant alleles will be expressed and recessive alleles will be concealed

Answer 40

Law of Dominance

Question 41

Identify Mendel's Law of Inheritance. - separate traits are inherited independently

Answer 41

Law of Independent Assortment

Question 42

Identify Mendel's Law of Inheritance. - two different alleles for each gene segregate randomly during meiosis

Answer 42

Law of Segregation

Question 43

What refers to the study of inheritance or the transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring?

Answer 43

Genetics

Question 44

What refers to an allele that does not appear to produce a detectable antigen?

Answer 44

Silent or Amorphic

Question 45

What refers to a condition when one (1) chromosome has the gene and the other has that gene absent?

Answer 45

Hemizygous