History and Evolution of Medicinal Chemistry Flashcards
Lesson #1 Part #1 (January 27, 2025)
What is medical chemistry?
Invention, discovery, design and identification of biologically active compounds.
What does biological study focus on?
Study of metabolism.
Which cultures contributed to the history of medicinal chemistry?
Chinese, Hindus, Mayans, Mediterranean.
What are the contributions of Emperor Shen Nung?
Ch’ang Shang (antimalarial alkaloid) and Ma huang (ephedrine).
What is Chaulmogra Ipecacuanha used for?
Contains emetine for diarrhea and amoebiasis.
What is derived from cocoa leaves?
Cocaine.
What compound is found in mushrooms?
Tryptamine.
What substances were found in Greek apothecary shops?
Opium, Squill, Hypocamus, Viper toxin.
What did Paracelsus glorify?
Antimony as a cure-all elixir.
What is Adoph Kolbe known for?
Acetic acid.
What did Pierre Berthelot discover?
Methane.
Who is Friedrick Sertürner?
Known for isolating morphine.
What did Pierre-Joseph Pelletier isolate?
Emetine from ipecacuanha
Caffeine, quinine, colchicine.
What is Digitalis (Digoxin) used for?
Used for edema.
Who isolated cocaine and physostigmine?
physostigmine from Calabar bean
Albert Niemann.
What is Protonsil Red DVE?
2,4-diaminobenzene 4 sulfanamide for gram-positive bacteria.
What do sulfanamides act as?
Antagonists by para-aminobenzoic acid.
What did Florey and Chain purify?
Penicillin.
What is Chlorpromazine used for?
Treatment for schizophrenia
What class of drug is Imipramine?
Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA).
What is Chlordiazepoxide?
A hypnotic and sedative.
What do benzodiazepines produce?
Diazepam.
