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Reid & Ryan Latin Class > History Alive! Ancient History > Flashcards

History Alive! Ancient History Flashcards

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Latin flashcards
1
Q

What did four boys discover in 1940 and where?

A

Cave paintings of animals in Lascaux, France

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2
Q

What do social scientists study?

A

Human society

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3
Q

Name 3 groups of history detectives

A

Archeologists, historians, geographers

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4
Q

How do archeologists study the past?

A

They study objects that people have left behind.

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5
Q

What are artifacts?

A

Artifacts are objects made or used by people in the past.

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6
Q

Give 4 examples of artifacts.

A

Clothing, tools, weapons, coins

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7
Q

Why do archeologists study artifacts?

A

They are looking for clues about the past.

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8
Q

What do historians do?

A

Historians are recorders of the past.

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9
Q

What do historians study to find out what happened in the past?

A

Historians study artifacts and documents; they read documents and letters.

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10
Q

Besides asking what happened in the past, what do historians try to understand?

A

Historians try to understand WHY events happened as they did in the past.

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11
Q

What do geographers do?

A

Geographers MAP the past.

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12
Q

What do geographers do?

A

Geographers study natural features of the Earth.

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13
Q

Name 4 natural features of the Earth.

A

Water, landforms, plants, and animals.

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14
Q

Name 4 humanmade features of the Earth.

A

Towns, roads, bridges, and dams

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15
Q

What do geographers often create to show what they have learned.

A

Geographers often create MAPS.

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16
Q

Name one unique challenge that social scientists who study prehistory face.

A

There is very little evidence from prehistoric times. There are huge gaps of time where there is no evidence at all. Scientists can look at the same evidence and come up with different answers about humans came to be.

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17
Q

Why are cave paintings important?

A

They provide clues about what life was like in prehistoric times before writing was invented.

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18
Q

Where have cave paintings been found?

A

All over the world.

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19
Q

Name two things that cave paintings show?

A

What animals roamed the Earth. How people hunted. Hints about what people believed.

20
Q

What did cave painters use to work?

A

Torches to see in the dark, scaffolding or planks to reach high places

21
Q

What artifacts have scientists found in caves?

A

Lamps for burning animal fat, bits of rope, and tools for painting and engraving.

22
Q

What is one technique that cave painters used to apply paint to the walls?

A

(See museum exhibit. Not online.)

23
Q

What does the word ‘prehistoric’ mean?

A

Prehistoric means BEFORE WRITTEN HISTORY.

24
Q

About how many years ago was the cave painting of a human made?

A

11,000 - 18,000 years ago

25
Q

Describe what the cave painting of the human shows.

A

The painting shows a hunt. A man is about to be gored. A woolly mammoth or bison is wounded with a spear in its side and its insides spilling out on the ground. The man is lying in front of the animal with a bird mask on. Next to the man is a long stick, probably a spear thrower, with a bird on top.

26
Q

How is the man drawn in the cave painting? How is the animal drawn?

A

The man is drawn as a stick figure; the animal is more realistic.

27
Q

What do most social scientists think this painting was created as?

A

As part of a hunting ritual. Maybe the artist was asking for a successful hunt. Maybe its a record of an actual event or simply a decoration.

28
Q

What is a ritual?

A

A ritual is something relating to a ceremony, such as a religious ceremony

29
Q

What animals are in the cave painting of animals?

A

Bulls, bison, and horses.

30
Q

How did the cave painters paint the horses?

A

To look like the horses are running along the uneven ledge.

31
Q

Why do scientists think the animal paintings were created?

A

To capture the magical power of certain animals, to honor or influence the spirits, to be used in rituals or ceremonies in the cave as a place of worship.

32
Q

What kinds of paintings were found in a cave in Argentina in South America?

A

A circular shape, sticklike animal, several handprints.

33
Q

What do many scientists believe that handprints in cave paintings were?

A

The way an artist signed the painting.

34
Q

What kinds of shapes do some scientists think have ritual meanings?

A

Geometric shapes.

35
Q

What happened when researchers sang in a cave in France?

A

They discovered that the sound was loudest in the painted areas.

36
Q

What conclusion did the researchers draw from this?

A

That those areas of the cave were used for special gatherings.

37
Q

What conclusion can you draw about why the handprints in the cave paintings are small?

A

That the cave painters were much smaller than people are today.

38
Q

What was the prehistoric spear thrower made of?

A

A reindeer antler bone.

39
Q

What was carved on top of the spear thrower?

A

A leaping horse with hundreds of tiny dashes.

40
Q

Why do scientists believe the man carved the horse? Give 2-3 ideas.

A

For decoration, as a good luck charm ??to protect the hunter or make him more successful, related to his name, identifying his clan.

41
Q

What details were found on the two clay bison figures?

A

Animal’s faces, coat markings, fringe of fur below powerful necks.

42
Q

What are the two main ideas why scientists think the two clay figures were created?

A

1) The sculptures showed which clan the cave belonged to. 2) They were part of an important ceremony inside the cave.

43
Q

What kind of ceremony might have happened in the cave and why do scientists think that?

A

A coming-of-age ceremony because they saw many footprints of young people near the sculptures.

44
Q

Name 3-4 cave art tools and materials found in the cave.

A

Two piles of colored, rock-hard minerals, a grindstone, a sculptor’s pick, and an engraving tool.

45
Q

How do scientists think that cave artists made their paint?

A

They ground minerals into powder and mixed the powder with animal fat or vegetable oil.

46
Q

What might the cave painters have used for brushes?

A

Moss, fur, human hair.

47
Q

Why might cave painters have blown air through hollow bird bones?

A

To create softer textures, such as shaggy winter coats on horses.

Reid & Ryan Latin Class (1 decks)

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