History Flashcards
who was the Prime Minister of Britain when India got its independence?
Clement Attlee
Sare Jahan Se Achha Hindustan Hamara was written by
Mohammad Iqbal
who was the author of ‘Rajtarangini’ commonly regarded as the first genuine history of India
Author: Kalhana
Original language: Sanskrit
Rajatarangini, (Sanskrit: “River of Kings”) historical chronicle of early India, written in Sanskrit verse by the Kashmiri Brahman Kalhana in 1148, that is justifiably considered to be the best and most authentic work of its kind.
which Indian ruler was known as “Plato of his tribe”?
Maharaja Suraj Mal
Maharaja Suraj Mal was the ruler of Bharatpur in Rajasthan, India. A contemporary historian has described him as “ the Plato of the Jat people” and by a modern writer as the “ Jat Odysseus” because of his political sagacity, steady intellect, and clear vision.
which act formally introduced the principle of the election in India for the first time?
The Indian Councils Act 1909:
- formally introduced for the first time the principle of elections to the legislative councils
- gave general power to the government of India to disallow politically dangerous candidates
- kept income qualification of Muslims lower than that of Hindus for voting
Sati Pratha was declared illegal in British India during the Regime of
Governor-General Lord William Bentinck.
The Bengal Sati Regulation which banned the Sati practice in all jurisdictions of British India was passed on December 4, 1829, by the then Governor-General Lord William Bentinck. The regulation described the practice of Sati as revolting to the feelings of human nature
who first translated Bhagavad Gita into English?
Charles Wilkins
In 1785, the Bhagavad Gita was first translated into English by Charles Wilkins and published as “Bhagvat-Geeta or Dialogues of Krishna and Arjoon” by the British East India Company with an introduction by Lord Warren Hastings, the first British Governor-General of India.
during the time of which Mughal Emperor did the East India Company established its first factory?
emperor Jahangir
In 1615, Sir Thomas Roe, an English emissary of King James I reached out to the court of the then Mughal emperor Jahangir (1605-1627), in order to get a farman to establish a factory at Surat.
which was the first newspaper to be published in India
Hickey’s Bengal Gazette
Hickey’s Bengal Gazette was an English newspaper published from Kolkata (then Calcutta), India. It was the first major newspaper in India, started in 1780. It was published for two years. Founded by James Augustus Hicky, a highly eccentric Irishman who had previously spent two years in jail for debt.
under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi in the civil disobedience movement started in 1930 from
Sabarmati
It began with the famous Dandi March of Gandhi. On 12 March 1930, Gandhi left the Sabarmati Ashram at Ahmadabad on foot with 78 other members of the Ashram for Dandi, a village on the western sea-coast of India, at a distance of about 385 km from Ahmadabad.
Natya Shastra the main source of India’s classical dances was written by
Bharat Muni
the grant of Diwani of Bengal Bihar and Orissa is associated with
Great Mughal Shah Alam
Grant of the Diwani of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa to the East India Company by the Great Mughal Shah Alam (1765) Introduction: After Robert Clive had conquered Bengal in 1757, imposing a Nawab (governor) of his choice, the Great Mughal offered him the Diwani (civil administration) of the province.
Last British Emperor of India was
First monarch: Victoria
Last monarch: George VI
the capital of India was transferred from Kolkata to Delhi in the year of
12 December 1911
On 12 December 1911, during the Delhi Durbar, George V, then Emperor of India, along with Queen Mary, his Consort, made the announcement that the capital of the Raj was to be shifted from Calcutta to Delhi while laying the foundation stone for the Viceroy’s residence in the Coronation Park, Kingsway Camp.
the first Shaka king in India was
Maues
The first Shaka king in India was Maues or Moga (c. So B.C.), who established Shaka power in Gandhara. His successor, Azes, successfully attacked the last of the Greek kings in northern India, Hippostratos.
Sher Shah is well known for his administrative skill specialist
land revenue system
A monument resembling Taj Mahal was created by Aurangzeb in
Aurangabad
Bibi Ka Maqbara
In the following years, her tomb was repaired by her son Azam Shah under Aurangzeb’s orders. Bibi Ka Maqbara was the largest structure that Aurangzeb had to his credit and bears a striking resemblance to the Taj Mahal, the mausoleum of Dilras’ mother-in-law, Empress Mumtaz Mahal, who herself died in childbirth.
the maximum work in popularising the female education in the 19th century was done by
Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
he strongly protested against polygamy and child marriage. He also favored widow remarriage and women’s education in India. Due to his contribution to such issues, the Widow Remarriage Act was passed in 1856. It made the marriage of widows legal. He worked towards providing education to women.
the most earned ruler of Delhi Sultanate was well versed in various branches of learning including astronomy
Muhammad bin Tughlaq
He was the Sultan of Delhi and his father name is Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq.
the permanent settlement was introduced to
to fix the land revenue.
The Permanent Settlement of Bengal was brought into effect by the East India Company headed by the Governor-General Lord Cornwallis in 1793. This was basically an agreement between the company and the Zamindars to fix the land revenue.
which modern Indian historian
and has described the events of 1857 as “neither first nor national nor a war independence
R.C. Majumdar
the earliest codified laws (Civil and Criminal) that defined and demarcated for the first time in India during 335-345 AD was followed in the
Sakka Region
the famous Queen Chand Bibi who fought gallantly against Akbar belong to
Ahmednagar
Chand Bibi is best known for defending
Ahmednagar against the Mughal forces of Emperor Akbar in 1595. Chand Bibi was the daughter of Hussain Nizam Shah I and Ahmednagar, and the sister of Burhan-ul-Mulk the Sultan of Ahmednagar.
which Indian ruler established embassies in foreign countries on modern lines
Tipu Sultan
established embassies in Egypt, France, and Turkey on modern lines.
what was the political cause of the 1857 revolt?
The doctrine of Lapse or Dalhousie’s Annexation Policy
The main political cause for the great revolt of 1857 was the policy of Doctrine of Lapse. It was an annexation policy purportedly devised by Lord Dalhousie as per which any princely state or territory under the British East India Company would automatically be annexed if the ruler died without a male heir.
which governor-general created the covenanted civil service of India was later came to know as Indian Civil Service
Charles Cornwallis
Hence, Charles Cornwallis is known as ‘the father of civil service in India’. Cornwallis introduced two divisions of the Indian Civil service—covenanted and uncovenanted. The covenanted civil service consisted of only Europeans (i.e., British personnel) occupying the higher posts in the government
who were the official Congress negotiators with Cripps mission
Jawaharlal Nehru and Maulana Azad
On 11 March 1942, Prime Minister Winston Churchill announced that Sir Stafford Cripps, a member of the British Cabinet, would be sent to India from 22 March to 11 April to work out a formula for India’s participation in the war and partial transfer of power acceptable to all three, the Hindu and Muslim parties in India
who wrote mudrarakshasa?
Vishakhadatta
Mudrarakshasa. The Mudrarakshasa (IAST: Mudrārākṣasa, The Signet of the Minister) is a Sanskrit-language play by Vishakhadatta that narrates the ascent of the king Chandragupta Maurya ( r . c. 324 – c. 297 BCE) to power in India. The play is an example of creative writing, but not entirely fictional.
Lumbini is a place where Buddha
Born
who destroyed the Somnath Temple in Gujarat
Mahmud of Ghazni
In 1024, during the reign of Bhima I, the prominent Turkic Muslim ruler Mahmud of Ghazni raided Gujarat, plundering the Somnath temple and breaking its jyotirlinga. He took away a booty of 20 million dinars.
Prophet Muhammad was born in
571 AD
when was the first world war declared
28 July 1914
Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia. On July 28, 1914, one month to the day after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife were killed by a Serbian nationalist in Sarajevo, Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia, effectively beginning the First World War.
the Mughal Emperor Akbar died in the year of
27 October 1605
who was the founder editor of Kesari?
Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak
the British East India Company was formally dissolved by an act of parliament of United Kingdom called
East India Stock Dividend Redemption Act
The East India Company itself was formally dissolved by Act of Parliament in 1874. Thus began the British Raj, direct imperial rule of India by the British state.
which ruler is considered as the contemporary of the poet Tulsidas
Akbar
Tulsidas wrote several popular works in Sanskrit and Awadhi; he is best known as the author of the epic Ramcharitmanas, a retelling of the Sanskrit Ramayana based on Rama’s life in the vernacular Awadhi dialect of Hindi. He was a contemporary of Akbar.
when was the National Anthem of India first sung?
27 December 1911, Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress
“Jana Gana Mana ” is the national anthem of India. Written in highly Sanskritised (Tatsama) Bengali, it is the first of five stanzas of a Brahmo hymn composed and scored by Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore. It was first sung in [1] Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress on 27 December 1911.
Chili pepper and tobacco were introduced in India by
Portuguese traders,
who – aware of its trade value and resemblance to the spiciness of black pepper – promoted its commerce in the Asian spice trade routes. It was introduced in India by the Portuguese towards the end of the 15th century.
who was the first Sultan of Delhi to introduce the practice of Sajda?
Ghiyasuddin Balban
which is widely regarded as a milestone in the field of education in India
Hunter Commission Report
The commission submitted its report on 26th May 1920. In it, the majority of the members reprimanded Dyer for a ‘mistaken concept of duty’. It concluded that the gathering was not the result of a conspiracy by Indians.
Public Works Department was set up in India by
Lord Dalhousie
CPWD came into existence in July 1854 when Lord Dalhousie established a central agency for execution of public works and set up Ajmer Provincial Division. It has now grown into a comprehensive construction management department, which provides services from project concept to completion, and maintenance management.
the theory of economic drain from India to England was propounded by
Dadabhai Naoroji’s
work focused on the drain of wealth from India to England during the colonial rule of British in India. One of the reasons that the Drain theory is attributed to Naoroji is his decision to estimate the net national profit of India, and by extension, the effect that colonization has on the country.
the Calcutta session of Indian National Congress held in September 1920 passed a resolution which led to the
Non-Cooperation Movement
the policy of British East India company in during the period of 1813- 1858 is described as
The policy of Subordinate Isolation
which event LED Rabindranath Tagore to renounced his knighthood
Jallianwala Bagh massacre
He was awarded a knighthood by King George V in the 1915 Birthday Honours, but Tagore renounced it after the 1919 Jallianwala Bagh massacre.
assigning which pact with Gandhiji did Ambedkar give up his demand for separate election
Poona Pact
Vande Mataram is composed by
Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
“Vande Mataram” (also pronounced “Bande Mataram”) (IAST: Vande Mātaram) ( transl. Mother, I bow to thee) is a Bengali poem written by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in 1870s, which he included in his 1882 novel Anandamath. The poem was first sung by Rabindranath Tagore in 1896.
the person who conceptualized the idea of Pakistan
Mohammed Iqbal
Actually the idea of a separate state in the sub-continent was first espoused by Mohammed Iqbal during an address to the Muslim League in 1930. The name ‘Pakistan’ was coined by a Cambridge student Rahmat Ali and was published on 28 January 1933 in the pamphlet Now or Never
the island of Bombay was acquired by the East India Company from
Portugal
The growing power of the Dutch by the middle of the seventeenth century forced the Surat Council of the British Empire to acquire Bombay from King John IV of Portugal in 1659
the outstanding achievement of Todarmal was in the field of
Revenue Administration
Todar Mal’s most significant contribution, which is appreciated even today, is that he overhauled the revenue system of Akbar’s Mughal empire. Raja Todarmal built a fortress-palace at Laharpur in the Sitapur district of Uttar Pradesh.
the system of dyarchy decentralization and the bicameral legislature was introduced in India by
Govt of India Act 1919
inscriptions of Ashoka have been found in how many languages
Magadhi, Sanskrit, Greek & Aramaic
which Mughal Emperor prohibited the use of tobacco
emperor Jahangir
Answer and Explanation:
Around 1617, the Mughal emperor Jahangir banned the use of tobacco. Jahangir was the fourth Mughal emperor, holding the throne from 1605-1627..
who wrote the “Poverty and Unbritish rule in India”?
Dadabhai Naroji
who wrote” the story of the integration of Indian states”?
V. P. Menon
He authored a book on the political integration of India, The Story of the Integration of Indian States and on the partition of India, Transfer of Power. He later joined Swatantra Party, but never contested in elections. Menon died on 31 December 1965 at the age of 72.
who wrote the “freedom at midnight”?
Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre.
It describes events around Indian independence and partition in 1947-48, beginning with the appointment of Lord Mountbatten of Burma as the last viceroy of British India, and ending with the death and funeral of Mahatma Gandhi.
who was the first Travancore Diwan?
C.P. Ramaswami Iyer
He subsequently served as the Law member of the Governor of Madras and of the Viceroy of India before being appointed Diwan of Travancore in 1936. Ramaswami Iyer served as Diwan from 1936 to 1947; during his tenure, many social and administrative reforms were made.
the song Jana Gana Mana was first published under the title
Bharat Vidhata
It was adopted by the constituent assembly on January 24, 1950, in its Hindi version. 3. The song “Jana Gana Mana” was first published under the title “Bharat Vidhata” in Tattva Bodhini Patrika in January, 1912
Who popularised the famous slogan Satyameva Jayate
Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya
The slogan was popularized and brought into the national lexicon by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya in 1918 when serving his second of four terms as President of the Indian National Congress.
the province of Bengal was partitioned into two parts in 1905 by
Lord Curzon.
The partition separated the largely Muslim eastern areas from the largely Hindu western areas on 16 October 1905 after being announced on 19 July 1905 by the Viceroy of India of that period Lord Curzon.
which party was founded by Subhash Chandra Bose in 1939 after his break from Congress
All India Forward Bloc (AIFB)
The All India Forward Bloc (AIFB) is a left-wing nationalist political party in India. It emerged as a faction within the Indian National Congress in 1939, led by Subhas Chandra Bose. The party re-established as an independent political party after the independence of India.
who founded the theosophical society in the United States
Helena Petrovna Blavatsky
The Theosophical Society was officially formed in New York City, United States, on 17 November 1875 by Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, Colonel Henry Steel Olcott, William Quan Judge, and others.
during whose tenure was the capital of India transferred from Calcutta to Delhi
Lord Hardinge, the then Viceroy of India.
what is the local name of Mohenjo Daro
“Mound of the Dead Men” in Sindhi, and as “Mound of Mohan” (where Mohan is Krishna).
Daulatabad was constructed by
In 1327, Sultan Muhammad bin Tughluq of the Delhi Sultanate renamed the city as “Daulatabad” and shifted his imperial capital to the city from Delhi, ordering a mass migration of Delhi’s population to Daulatabad.
in which year did Gandhiji launch civil disobedience movement in India
6th April 1930
The Launch of the Civil Disobedience Movement
On 6th April 1930, Gandhi with the accompaniment of seventy-nine satyagrahis, violated the Salt Law by picking up a fistful of salt lying on the sea shore
Mahavira was born in 539 BC at kundagram and died in
Pavapuri, 467 B.C.
Buddhism was founded by Gautama Buddha
528 BC
Alexander the Great attacked India in
326 BC.
Megasthenes has written the book called
Indica
Indica was the book the Megasthenes wrote. It is a book containing information about Mauryan India.
who started the Gupta Era in 319 AD
Chandragupta I
Chandragupta I (A.D. 319-320 to 335): He took the title of Maharajadhiraja, and his accession in about A.D. 319-20 marked the beginning of the Gupta era.
the man who has been Chritsined with Indian Napoleon because of his territorial exploits
Samudra Gupta
which Chinese pilgrim came to India during Harsha’s time
Hiuen Tsang
in 1192 AD Prithviraj was defeated by Ghori in
Second Battle of Tarain
Second Battle of Tarain (1192), in which the Shahabuddin Mohammad Ghori defeated the Chahamana king Prithviraj Chauhan. Third Battle of Tarain (1216), in which the Mamluk king Iltutmish of Delhi Sultanate defeated and captured the former Ghurid general Taj al-Din Yildiz.
who was famous for his market policy and fixation of prices
Alauddin Khalji
Market reforms of Alauddin Khalji. In the early 14th century, the Delhi Sultanate ruler Alauddin Khalji (r. 1296-1316) instituted price controls and related reforms in his empire.
Which Mughal emperor was known as the prince of autobiographers
Babur
when was the third battle of Panipat was fought between Ahmad Shah Abdali & Marathas?
14 January 1761
The Third Battle of Panipat took place on 14 January 1761 at Panipat, about 97 km (60 miles) north of Delhi, between the Maratha Empire and the invading Afghan army of the King of Afghans, Ahmad Shah Abdali, supported by three Indian allies — the Rohilla Najib-ud-daulah, Afghans of the Doab region, and Shuja-ud-Daula
economic exploitation of India by the British was vividly described by RC Dutta in his book
The economic history of India in the Victorian age
Lucknow session of Indian National Congress was a Landmark session in which
The Indian National Congress and All India Muslim League were brought together on one page under the Lucknow Pact, in 1916. Bal Gangadhar Tilak was the person who played a significant role in this, who led the Congress during that period
on which date the historic meeting of AICC was organized at Gwalior tank in Mumbai and Gandhi gave the slogan “do or die” thus launching the “Quit India Movement”?
7 August 1942
Gandhi made a call to Do or Die in his Quit India speech delivered in Bombay at the Gowalia Tank Maidan on 7 August 1942.
Glimpses of World History, a book published by________?
Jawaharlal Nehru
in 1934, is a panoramic sweep of the history of humankind. It is a collection of 196 letters on world history written from various prisons in British India between 1930–1933.
Neel Darpan is written by
Dinabandhu Mitra
Gora is written by
Rabindranath Tagore
the Rowlatt Act of India was passed in
21 March 1919,
under Round table conference in 1931 and Englishmen describe Gandhiji’s as ‘half-naked Fakir’ or ‘Seditious Fakir’ who was he?
Winston Churchill
Jana Gana Mana was adopted by the constituent assembly as National Anthem was first sung at which session of INC?
Calcutta Session, 1911
when was the Swadeshi Movement started?
The Swadeshi Movement, now known as
1905
Its chief architects were Aurobindo Ghosh, Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal and Lala Lajpat Rai, V. O.
‘Make in India’ campaign was officially proclaimed on August 7, 1905 at the Calcutta Town Hall, in Bengal. Boycott movement was also launched along with the Swadeshi movement. The movements included using goods produced in India and burning British-made goods.
the Indian National Army was founded in
August 1942, South East Asia
who was regarded as the leading Hindu reformer of Western India
Sir Narayan Ganesh Chandavarkar
who is referred to as the Grand old man of India
Dadabhai Naoroji
Dadabhai Naoroji. Dadabhai Naoroji known as the Grand Old Man of India, was a Parsi intellectual, educator, cotton trader, and an early Indian political and social leader.
Who said, “The Muslims were fools to ask for safeguards and the Hindus were greater fools to refuse them”?
(a) Gandhi
(b) Mohammad Ali Jinnah
(c) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
who said political freedom is the life-breath of a nation
Sri Aurobindo Ghose
name the ruler who earned the title the prince of moneyers
Mohammad bin Tughlaq
dual government of Bengal was proposed by
Robert Clive
Lord Curzon partitioned Bengal and formed two new provinces of manageable size – East and West Bengal.
in 1940 that two Nation theory of India was put forward during the annual session of the Muslim League where was this session held?
Lahore on 22–24 March 1940
Akbar founded din-i-ilahi primarily to
Establish a national religion which would be acceptable to the Muslims and the Hindus
This was called as Din-i Ilahi meaning “Religion of God”. Akbar promoted debate on religious and philosophical issues which led to the formation of Ibadat Khana meaning “House of Worship” at Fatepur Sikiri in 1575. He removed Jizya tax on non-Muslims in 1568.
Asiatic Society of Bengal was founded by
Sir William Jones on 15 January 1784
in a meeting presided over by Robert Chambers, Justice of the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William at the Fort William in Calcutta, then capital of the British Raj, to enhance and further the cause of Oriental research.
no religion no caste and no god for mankind is spoken by
Sri Narayana Guru
preached the doctrine of ‘One caste, One religion, One God. ‘ Its worth note that one of his atheist disciples, Sahadaran Ayyapan, changed into ‘no religion, no caste and no God for mankind.
who was called the Frontier Gandhi
Abdul Ghaffar Khan
name the two monarchs for the battle of hydaspes
Alexander the Great and King Porus of the Paurava kingdom
on the banks of the Jhelum River (known to the Greeks as Hydaspes) in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent (modern-day Punjab, Pakistan).
defeat in the battle of talikota saw the downfall of which Empire
Vijayanagar Empire
The Battle of Talikota was a battle fought between the Vijayanagar Empire and the Deccan Sultanates. The combined forces of the Deccan Sultanates inflicted a devastating defeat on the Vijayanagar army.
who was the Greek navigator whom Darius the great had commissioned in around 510 BC to explore the Indus till its mouth
Scylax
It is known from Herodotus that Scylax was sent by the Persian king Darius I (in about 515 bc) to explore the course of the Indus River and that he returned by sea after two and a half years to the Isthmus of Heroonpolis (Suez).
On the 14th of July 1942, the Indian National Congress passed a resolution demanding full and complete independence from Britain. The draft proposed that massive civil disobedience would be launched if the British did not accede to the demands. However, it proved to be controversial within the party. A prominent INC leader quit the Congress over this decision. Identify him. Also, name the parties which opposed to the call
C. Rajagopalachari,
Communist Party, &
Hindu Mahasabha
who were the delegates of the first Round table conference
B. R. Ambedkar,
Mohammad Ali Jinnah,
Mahatma Gandhi,
Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru,
V. S. Srinivasa Sastri,
Sir Muhammad Zafrulla Khan and
Mirabehn
cooperation in any shape or form with This Satanic government is sinful this statement was made by MK Gandhi after
B) the Punjab tragedy
Jalianwalah Bagh massacre
Sudas the victor of the battle of ten Kings belong to the tribe of
Bhartas
the four varnas are mentioned for the first time in
Purusha Suktam
The first mention of Varna is found in the Purusha Suktam verse of the ancient Sanskrit Rig Veda. Purusha is the primordial being, constituted by the combination of the four Varnas. Brahmins constitute its mouth, Kshatriyas its arms, Vaishyas its thighs, and Shudras its feet.
which Sultan brought the Ashoka Pillar to Delhi
Feroz Shah Tughlaq
It was brought by Feroz Shah Tughlaq in 1356 A.D. The Ashoka Pillar was transported to his hunting lodge in Delhi from Meerut.
Hiuen Tsang found Jainism flourishing in:
(1) Orissa (2) Kashmir
(3) Bengal (4) Bihar
(5) Karnataka
Bengal
Assam was created as a separate province when
partition of Bengal was annulled in 1911
The Assam territory was first separated from Bengal in 1874 as the ‘North-East Frontier’ non-regulation province. It was incorporated into the new province of Eastern Bengal and Assam in 1905 and re-established as a province in 1912.
the system of competitive examination for civil service was accepted in the principle in the year
1853
the Pitt’s India Act of 1784 sought to
Convert the company into a business firm without any political authority
Pitt’s India Act of 1784 rectified the defects of the Regulating Act of 1773 and to make the administration of the company’s Indian territories efficient and responsible. This act provided the supreme control over the company’s affairs and its administration in India
which two kingdoms in Deccan were conquered by Aurangzeb
Bijapur and Golconda.
In 1685, Aurangzeb dispatched his son. Muhammad Azam Shah, with a force o nearly 50,000 men to capture Bijapur Fort and defeated Sikandar Adil Shah (the ruler of Bijapur) who refused to be a vassal.
the first king to issue gold coin in India were
Indo-Greeks
who is known as the father of modern Urdu poetry
Amir Khusrow
Amir Khusrow was an Urdu literature father. In the case of poetry, there is not a single person that we can say the father of poetry.
founder of Bahmani kingdom is
Alauddin Bahman Shah ( Hasan Gangu )
The founder of the Bahmani kingdom was Alauddin Bahman Shah also known as Hasan Gangu in 1347. The Sultans of Southern India derived their origin from the conquests of Ala-ud-din (1303-1306)
Vasco Da Gama landed in
Kozhikode, India
May 20, 1498,
Lord Buddha died at
Kushinagar
Black Pagoda is located at
Konark Sun Temple, Odisha
Who is known as Father of Local Self Government in India?
Lord Ripon
