History

Question 1

Herodicus

Answer 1

Greek physician who wrote about the benefits of rubbing the body at different pressures and speeds.

Question 2

Four humors theory

Answer 2

Hippocrates believed in the balance of forces within the body for optimal health nd that imbalances lead to disease. He described bodily fluids as phlegm (cold and wet), blood (hot and moist), yellow bile (hot and dry) and black bile (cold and dry). Hellenic period in greece.

Question 3

Origin of the idea that massage towards the heart aids circulation

Answer 3

Hippocrates called rubbing of the body anatripsis and believed that strokes should move towards the heart to aid circulation and elimination. Classical greece.

Question 4

Asclepiades

Answer 4

Greek physician who moved to Rome - 100 AD. Continued Hippocratic model of treatment

Question 5

Aulus Cornelius Celsus

Answer 5

100 AD wrote De Medicina- a medical guide that addressed diet, exercise, surgery etc. Wrote about the use of hydrotherapy and rubbing, or ‘massage’.

Question 6

Middle ages after fall of roman empire in europe.

Answer 6

Massage was still performed for the sick and dying by woman through the church.

Question 7

980-1037 CE

Arabian physician who was influenced by greek writers in using massage and hydrotherapy

Answer 7

Avicenna

Question 8

Ambroise Pare

Answer 8

Rennaisance- 1400-1600

French surgeon discovered orthopaedic benefits of massage.

Question 9

Timothy Bright 1500’s

Answer 9

Cambridge uni in England- wrote about benefits of baths, exercise, and massage.

Question 10

Borelli- italian 17th century

Answer 10

Learned about muscle contraction through dissection

Question 11

William Harvey english physician

Answer 11

17th century

Discovered how the heart circulates blood

Question 12

Pehr Henrik Ling

Answer 12

1776 Sweden

Fencing and gymnastics teacher who observed that poor posture effected movement. Developed a system of retraining muscles. Known today in terms of table stretches, joint mobs, and rom techniques.

Question 13

Swedish movement cure

Answer 13

Created by ling, picked up by physicians and spread across europe and usa. Spread by Taylor in 1856 to usa.

Question 14

Dutch physician Johann Mezger

Answer 14

Incorporated massage into physical rehab. Considered the founder of modern massage.

Question 15

1888 swedish movement and massage published

Answer 15

Hartvig Nissen opened Swedish Health Institute for the treatment of chronic diseases by swedish movements and massage and published a paper.

Question 16

Harvey Kellogg

Answer 16

Physician credited with the spread of massage via books articles and a wellness centre. The art of massage was published in 1895.