History Flashcards
What are the Eugenics?
The Eugenics movement became popular in the 1880s. It was a movement that practiced the ‘improvement’ of the human gene pool by controlling the types of people giving birth. By the 1930s the Eugenics Movement declined while the Nazi Party slowly rose to power. The Nazi Party’s policies are greatly inspired by this movement - e.g the removal of Jews, disabled, alcoholics
Who was affected by Hitler’s law of compulsory sterilisation?
The following were affected:
– physically disabled
- e.g deaf, blind
– alcoholics
– mentally disable
- e.g schizophrenicWho were the main targets of the Holocaust?
The main targets of the Holocaust were gypsies, homosexuals, disabled and the Jews.
• 1933 - Jewish population an estimated 11 million
• 1945 - The end of WWII, an estimated 6 million
Who was Hitler for Germany?
- Germany had first begun to consider Hitler as charismatic and characterised when the Nazi Party formed in 1921, which he lead.
- He had become a saviour to Germany after employing young men to work the land.
- ‘Unite as one Germany’
- Hitler payed for German citizens to take holidays
- Germany did not experience the hardships (they had previously) when the Great Depression took play because of Hitler
What book did Hitler write and what did it outline?
Adolf Hitler wrote the Meir Kampf, which outlined his anti-semitism, hatred of communism and beliefs that Germany has to expand east to provide living room. He wanted to convince Germany that Jews were the primary reason to blame for Germany’s plight. He strongly believed that ‘aryan’ Germans are the ‘master’ race.
When and what did Hitler do the laws in Germany?
On September 13th 1935, Hitler changed the laws to ensure Jew’s were considered 7th class.
Who was the Axis? Who were the Allies?
Axis: Germany, Italy, Japan, Hungary etc.
Allies: U.S, Britain, France, USSR etc.
When did the Nazi Power rise into power?
In November 1932, the nazi party rose to power along with their ideology which was built on anti-semitism, ethic German purity superiority and anti-communism.
What happened in 1936 regarding Japan and Germany?
In 1936 Japan and Germany signed the Anti-Communism Pact, in 1937 Japan goes on to invade China. In 1940, The Tripartite Pact (Germany, Japan, Italy) is signed.
- Italy joined due to not getting much out of the Treaty Of Versailles
What were the conditions of the ghettos Jews were forced into?
- extremely dirty
- crowded
- couldn’t leave the ghetto
- no running water
- no toilet facilities
- malnutrition
- few rations depended on Nazi’s
800 000 Jews died from malnutrition, diseases and forced labour. Others were outright murdered.
Describe the Appeasement.
Immediately after coming into power in 1933, Hitler began to violate the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. He reintroduced conscription, reestablished the German Air Force and increased production of weapons and ammunition. He began to prepare Germany for war. One of hitlers main aims was to recover the territories taken from Germany under the Treaty of Versailles back in 1919.
What occurred in Japan on August 6th and August 9th, 1945?
On August 6th 1945, American air craft, B-29 bomber, dropped the worlds first atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, Japan, flattening the city in a mere 10 seconds.
On August 9th 1945, a second aircraft, a plutonium based bomb called Fat Man, dropped on Nagasaki.
Why did USA drop the atomic bombs on Japan?
The reasoning behind the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki was to :
- Force Japan to surrender - end of WW2.
- Revenge for the Pearl Harbour in 1941
- Prevent further deaths casualties of war
How many deaths were caused by the bombing within the year?
Over 70 000 people die in Hiroshima and another 40 000 in Nagasaki. By the end of the year, 140 000 had died from its effects.
Those who survived were left with no resources or doctors due to 90% of doctors dying or being injured.
In result of the bombing, what happened environmental wise?
Rivers were polluted, bridges were destroyed and no wildlife was said to have survived.
