history Flashcards
two ways slave trade made British rich
selling slaves. selling raw materials eg cotton back to the English
big reason for industrial rev to have happened
all the wealth from the slave trade
what did the british do with their wealth/
invested in machinery and new business
three raw materialsa imported from colonies
cotton, sugar, tobacco
why did some british farmers and farm workers to move to colonies
work that people did was being replaced by machinery because there was a need to produce more food.
When was the industrial revolution?
1700-1800
How long did britian trade slaves?
245 years
How many slaves taken from Africa to America
3-4 million
Three reasons for the industrial revolution
The wealth from trading slaves
The need for production
The increase of factories and mine
What were the living conditions
They were in a very small area that they had to share with many. bad sanitation and decease, pollution and all different mixed classes.
What were swing rioters
They were the farm workers who were losing their jobs to machines. 9 were hanged 450 sent to Australia
luddits
people in factories threatening by spinning jenny, broke the machines They brought in the army to stop them
What is the GNCTU
(grand nation consolidated trade union) formed by Robert Owen To protect and improve workers rights
Why did the GNCTU stop
to many people to organize in different trades
Britian changed from agriculture economy to..
an Industrial Capitalist system
what is a capitalist system
Anyone starting own business for own profit
who controlled the cape colony and Natal
The British
What were the Transvaal and Orange free state
They were Boer republics
How was South Africa divided
Cape colony and Natal/british. Transvaal and OFS/Boer republics. African Kingdoms/Sutho and Zulu.
What happened in 1833
British brought indentured labour
Indentured labour lasted
90 years more than a million indians were sent
How long was Indian a british colony
250 years
Where did the sugar cane come from
Mauritas
How long was the contract
5 years
What happened to Indians that stayed in south africa
Poduced always all fruit and veg in Durban and PMB
When were diamonds Discovered
!867
Where were Diamonds discovered
Near Hopetown in the Northern cape
What river did they dig
The Vaal river
When were Diamonds Discovered in Kimberly
1870
Where are Diamonds found
A pipe
what is the biggest human made hole
The big hole in Kimberly
Why are diamonds expensive
They are rare need 200 tons one carrot
they are beautiful
used for cutting theyre hard
What is a diamond claim
A mining area for one person
What happened in 1874
up to ten people to a claim
How many claims allotted for big hole
500
What was the black flag rebellion
White miners attacking Black indian and chinese
Dangers of mining
collapsing walls
Hard rock
Flooding
How did large mining companies form
Lack of equipment
Wealthy people bought out small claim holders
Cecil John Rodes and Barney Banerto
Where did rhodes come from
England in 1871
how long did it take him to buy large claims
four years
When did Barney bernato come
1873
How long to BB took to become a millionare
10 years
1887
Rhodes formed de beers mining
Why is gold valuable
Rare
its beautiful
Easy to melt
When was gold discovered
!886
What is an Empire
Group of countries controlled by one government
Why did Africans come to the mines
They needed to pay tax
They needed food
Where did the miners live
In closed compounds
How did gold influence changes
changed from agriculture to biggest gold producers
European and SA money backed by gold
Mining tunnels are called
Stopes
What is the rubble from blasting called
Lashing
Where is the gold found
in the rock and ore
wht is removing the rock and ore called
tramming
how is it removed
in trucks called coco pans
