History Flashcards
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Who we’re hunter gatherers?
Hunter gatherers were the first settlers in Ireland. They hunted fish, birds, wild boar. They gathered berries and nuts as well.
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What was the oldest settlement discovered in Ireland?
Mount sandal in co Derry
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How did the hunter gathers live?
The frames of their hut we’re built from saplings. The frame was then covered with animal skins or rushes. There was a hearth on the Middle of the hut.
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What was a Neolithic farmer?
The Neolithic farmer was as stone age farmer, the first farmers in the Stone Age
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How did the Neolithic farmer live?
They grew crops and kept animals. They led more a settled live and did not move from place to place as the the first settlers did. They built stronger and more lasting houses and their farms usually located on higher ground. Houses were made from wood and stone.
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How did the Neolithic farmer work or use tools?
They cut down trees with stone axes, removed them and then prepared the land for crops by using mat rocks or wooden ploughs to turn the soil.they grew wheat and barley
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What does megaliths stand for?
Megaliths stands for (huge=mega, stones=lithos
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What are the three types of megalithic tombs
1) dolmen
2) court cairn
3) passage grave
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What is a dolmen?
A dolmen gets its name from two Breton words meaning stone table.
The dolmen consists of three standing stones on which a huge capstone was placed. The body or cremated remains were then placed under the dolmen. Grave goods such as food, pottery and jewellery were often placed alongside the remains.
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What is a court cairn?
Court cairns get their name from a small entrance area, or court, which lies at the entrance of the burial chamber. The chamber is built from standing stones covered by earth.
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What is a passage grave?
The passage grave gets its name from a long passageway, which leads from the entrance to the burial chamber. There are over 300 such graves in Ireland; the famous of which is newgrange in co Meath.
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How was newgrange made?
The roof was a corbelled roof which means they placed each layer of stone slab sticking out from the ones below. It also had a roof box which was small opening above the main entrance that allowed sunlight to travel along the passage to light up the burial chamber at the dawn on the 21 of December each year.
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How do you make bronze?
Mix tin and copper
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What is….
1) a cist grave
2) a wedge tomb
1) The cist grave consisted of a shallow pit, lined with stone slabs and covered by a large flat stone.
2) wedge tombs were built above ground. They were narrow at the back and higher and wider at the front. The slabs were then covered in earth, much like the dolmen.
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What Is a fulachta fiadh?
A fulachta fiadh was new method of cooking during the Bronze Age by digging a hole in the damp ground and lining it with flat stones of pieces or wood. They poured water into the hole and brought it to boil by placing large stones, which had been heated in a nearby, into the water filled through.
