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History 2 Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

The U.S. State Department listed _____ interventions by the U.S. government during the 19th century, long before the Spanish-American War.

A

103

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2
Q

Race was a factor in those advocating an imperialist government policy. Popular writer and lecturer _____________ advocated the superiority of the Anglo-Saxon race.

A

John Fisk

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3
Q

Religion was another factor in understanding U.S. imperialism. Prominent Congregationalist clergyman ____________ wrote “Our Country” in 1885 which called for the spread of the Christian religion abroad.

A

Josiah Strong

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4
Q

Economics was central to the desire to expand. By 1898 ____% of all American products were sold overseas. In fact, American foreign trade now exceeded every other nation except Great Britain.

A

10%

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5
Q

U.S. Secretary of State ________________ (1850-52) saw both _______________ and _____________ as stepping stones to the lucrative Chinese market.

A

Daniel Webster; California and Hawaii

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6
Q

In 1890, Alfred Thayer Mayan published a book which argued the United States should _________________________.

A

Improve Naval Power

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7
Q

______________ was viewed as the Crossroads of the Pacific, and it was essential to gain access to coaling stations there.

A

Hawaii

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8
Q

In 1887 the Hawaiian League (a group of American planters, missionaries and businessmen) forced _________________ to accept the Bayonet Constitution.

A

King David ; Shifted power from monarch to legislature

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9
Q

This man _________ ______became a folk hero after his failed attempt to overthrow the Bayonet Constitution.

A

Robert Wilcox

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10
Q

In 1890 Americans accounted for ___% of Hawaii’s population but controlled ___ quarters of the nation’s wealth.

A

10%

3

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11
Q

In 1894 pineapple entrepreneur ______________________ announced the creation of the Rep. of Hawaii

A

Sanford Dole

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12
Q

General Valeriano Weyler enacted a policy of ____________________ to forcibly move thousands of Cuban civilians into fortified areas.

A

re-concentration

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13
Q

These two men ____________________ and _______________________, owners of the New York Journal and New York World newspapers embodied yellow journalism.

A

William Randolph Hearst; Joseph Pulitzer

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14
Q

Yellow journalism was _____________________________.

A

No legitimate well researched news, exaggerated events, used eye-catching headlines to sell, sensationalism

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15
Q

The U.S.S. _________ exploded in Havana Harbor in February 1898 with many pointing the finger of blame towards the Spanish.

A

Maine

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16
Q

The report to Congress by Republican Senator _______________ on the terrible conditions inside Cuba furthered calls for American intervention.

A

Redfield Proctor

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17
Q

This man ___________________ had led a rebellion against Spain in the Philippines since 1896.

A

Emelio Aguinaldo

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18
Q

The first battle of the Spanish-American war took place at _____________ in the Philippines.

A

Manila Bay

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19
Q

Assistant Secretary of the Navy ________________ resigned his position to lead the all-volunteer regiment the ________________ as part of the invasion of Cuba.

A

Teddy roosevelt; “Rough Riders”

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20
Q

The Spanish-American War ended with the Treaty of ___________ on December 10, 1898.

A

Paris

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21
Q

______________ was president of the Anti-Imperialist League until his death in 1910.

A

Mark Twain

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22
Q

What was the purpose of Teller Amendment of 1898?

A

To ensure U.S. won’t remain in Cuba after the war and that there would be no permanent intervention in Cuba

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23
Q

The ____________ Amendment of 1901 effectively made Cuba an American territory.

A

Platt

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24
Q

In 1900 President McKinley sent judge ________________ to the Philippines to investigate the situation there and to establish a civil government.

A

William Howard Taft

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25
Q

The ____________ Treaty of 1903 granted the U.S. leasing rights on a strip of land 6 miles wide in the Panama region, but the Columbian Senate rejected the terms of the Treaty and demanded more money.

A

hay-herran

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26
Q

The Hay-Bunau-Varillla Treaty of 1903 _______________________________.

A

U.S. control of panama canal construction. U.S. guarantee panama independence

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27
Q

One of the best-known muckrakers was ____________ who wrote _____________ in 1906.

A

Upton Sinclair; “the Jungle”

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28
Q

This car company _________ launched its popular Model T car in 1908.

A

Ford

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29
Q

The ____________________ disaster of 1911 in New York City brought widespread attention to dangerous sweatshop conditions in factories.

A

triangle shirtwaist company

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30
Q

By 1900 ____ million women were employed outside of the home, accounting for 1/5 of all women in the USA.

A

5

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31
Q

By 1916 one out of every ___ marriages ended in divorce.

A

9

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32
Q

Formed in 1905, the _____________ Movement, opposed Booker T. Washington’s gradualist approach

A

Niagara

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33
Q

Birds of passage were ___________________________

A

Eastern & Southern European migrants (peasants) got money then returned to home

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34
Q

Founded in 1909 this organization _______________ led the fight for equal rights and education for African Americans

A

NAACP

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35
Q

One of the founders and most prominent leader of the IWW was _________________
What was his nickname?

A

William Haywood

“Big Bill”

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36
Q

The IWW was founded in 1905 in the city of __________________.

A

Chicago

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37
Q

The IWW’s goal was to ____________________________________

A

Organize all workers into one large union eventually try overthrow capitalism.

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38
Q

The city of ________________ in Massachusetts called on the IWW for help in 1912

A

Lawrence

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39
Q

After the Massachusetts state government intervened the strikers achieved a pay raise of ____%, and the outcome acted as a rallying cry for unorganized workers across the country

A

25

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40
Q

In 1900 only ___% of the U.S. population was older than 65 compared to 13% nowadays

A

4

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41
Q

In 1915 this epic silent movie ___________________ helped to inspire the birth of the second Ku Klux Klan

A

“birth of a nation”

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42
Q

The Women’s Christian Temperance Union led the crusade against _______________

A

alcohol

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43
Q

The ____ Amendment to the constitution was ratified in 1920, banning ____________

A

18th; alcohol

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44
Q

Susan B. Anthony founded ___________________________ in 1890

A

National American women suffrage association

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45
Q

In 1903 President Roosevelt created the Department of _________________ to investigate interstate commerce

A

commerce and labor

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46
Q

In 1906 the ___________ Act gave the Interstate Commerce Commission the power to examine railroad business records and to set reasonable shipping rates

A

Hepburn

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47
Q

In 1906 the ___________________ Act authorized the federal government to police the quality and labelling of food and drugs

A

pure food and drug

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48
Q

The ____________ Act of 1906 came in response to the novel the Jungle

A

meat inspection

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49
Q

President Roosevelt intervened personally in the _________________ strike to ensure the welfare of the American people

A

anthracite coalmine

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50
Q

Secretary of the Interior ______________ argued Roosevelt had exceeded his authority by placing land in forest reserves. The fallout over the protection of wildlife preserves irreparably split the Republican Party

A

Richard Ballinger

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51
Q

The 16th Amendment to the Constitution authorized _______________________

A

graduated income tax

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52
Q

In 1912 Teddy Roosevelt decided to run as leader of the newly formed Progressive Party. The new party was nicknamed the ____________ Party

A

bull moose

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53
Q

The winner of the 1912 Election was ____________________ of the ________________ Party

A

woodrow wilson; democratic

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54
Q

In the 1912 Election Roosevelt’s New Nationalism platform called for _________________________

A

strong national government

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55
Q

In the 1912 Election Wilson’s New Freedom policy called for _____________________________________

A

business competition and small governments

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56
Q

The ___________________ Act of 1913 created 12 regional banks, with a central bank board appointed by the presidency to oversee their activities

A

federal reserve

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57
Q

The assassination of _____________________ on June 28th 1914 acted as a catalyst for the outbreak of war across Europe

A

archduke Franz Ferdinand

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58
Q

A long-standing British treaty with this country _______________ since 1839 led Britain to declare war on Germany on August 4th

A

Belgium

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59
Q

At the start of the war _______________,_____________________, and __________________ made up the Axis Powers

A

Germany, Austria Hungary, ottoman empire

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60
Q

At the start of the war the Allied Powers were _______________,_______________ and _______________

A

Britain, France, Russia, Japan

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61
Q

The Schlieffen Plan was ________________________________

A

German invasion of France and Belgium

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62
Q

The Sussex Pledge of May 1916 meant that Germany would honor __________________

A

American ship neutrality

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63
Q

The Election of 1916 had Wilson pitted against Republican candidate ___________________

A

Charles Hughes

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64
Q

The Zimmermann Telegram called for _______________________

A

Mexican and German alliance against U.S.

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65
Q

An American Expeditionary Force led by General ______________ arrived in France in June 1917

A

Pershing

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66
Q

This organization __________________, led by George Creek, helped to publicize the war at home

A

committee on public information

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67
Q

The _________________ Act of 1917 censored the foreign language press

A

trading with the enemy

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68
Q

Overseen by Bernard Baruch the ______________ Board oversaw production in American factories

A

war industries

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69
Q

The Food Administration Board, which ensured American troops received adequate food supplies, was led by future president _________________

A

Herbert Hoover

70
Q

As part of his 14 Points Woodrow Wilson called for the establishment of a _____________________ that would help prevent future wars

A

league of naitions

71
Q

The Big Four who attended the Paris Peace Talks were _________________________________________________________

A

david lloyd george, woodrow wilson, george clemenceau, vittorio emanuele orlando

72
Q

The ___ Amendment to the Constitution gave women the right to vote

A

19th

73
Q

Flappers were _________________________

A

women with short hair, short skirts, makeup, smoking, and alcohol

74
Q

One of the most notorious gangsters of the Prohibition period was ____________ who made $60m a year in Chicago

A

al capone

75
Q

U.S Attorney General _________________ predicted a communist upheaval on May 1st 1920 at the height of the Red Scare

A

Mitchell palmer

76
Q

The arrest and trial of Italian immigrants _____________ and _________________ caused massive protests in Europe

A

sacco; vanzetti

77
Q

To enforce the _____________ Act Congress sent the 18th Amendment to the Constitution to the states for ratification, effectively outlawing alcohol

A

volstead

78
Q

The founder of the second KKK was _____________________

A

william j simmons

79
Q

The Second KKK waged a war of intimidation against _______________________

A

African Americans, immigrants, Catholics, Jews, liberals, and progressives

80
Q

The 1924 National Origins Quota Act limited European immigration to ______ thousand per years, and favored immigrants from ___________ Europe

A

150; northern and western

81
Q

The Scopes Trial centered around the teaching of ___________ in schools in Tennessee

A

evolution

82
Q

Leading the prosecution against science teacher John Scopes was former presidential candidate ___________________

A

william jennings bryan

83
Q

After Warren G. Harding had a heart attack in 1923 his vice-president _________________ took charge of the nation

A

calvin coolidge

84
Q

The first ever Roman Catholic presidential candidate was ___________, who ran against Hoover in 1928

A

al smith

85
Q

T/F -
Toward the end of the nineteenth century, Manifest Destiny focused on expanding American control over the Middle East and Russia.

A

False

86
Q

T/F -

Between 1875 and 1890, sugar from Hawaii could enter the United States duty free.

A

True

87
Q

According to your textbook, after the Civil War, Americans generally favored __________ in foreign policy.

A

Isolationism

88
Q

How did expansionists justify imperialism in the late nineteenth century?

A

They sought to spread their Christian and democratic beliefs to other parts of the world.

89
Q

What was a tenet of “The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660–1783”?

A

A powerful navy was essential for protecting national interests and developing global commerce.

90
Q

Many Americans in the late nineteenth century believed that the __________ race was superior and other races, like that of the __________, were inferior

A

Anglo-Saxon; Indians

91
Q

The cash crop that made Hawaii valuable to the United States was

A

Sugarcane

92
Q

The Hawaiian ruler Queen Liliuokalani tried to do which of the following in the early 1890s?

A

Restrict the growing political power of America in the islands

93
Q

What was a reason why the United States intervened in the Cuban War for Independence?

A

Americans, ironically, were incensed by the brutal imperialism Spain exercised over Cuba.

94
Q

Which of the following characterized yellow journalism, the type of newspaper reporting that appeared during the Spanish-American War (War of 1898)?

A

Sensationalism meant to affect public opinion

95
Q

What is the name of the U.S. battleship that famously sank in Havana Harbor in 1898?

A

The Maine

96
Q

The Teller Amendment, when added to the declaration of war on Spain, denied any U.S. intention to annex

A

Cuba

97
Q

Why has the Spanish-American War been renamed the War of 1898?

A

In the last phase of the war, Spain and the United States were on the same side.

98
Q

__________ was the leader of the Filipino nationalists during the War of 1898.

A

Emilio Aguinaldo

99
Q

The Philippines received their independence from the United States in what year?

A

1946

100
Q

Who created the “Open Door” policy stating that China should remain open to European and American trade?

A

John Hay

101
Q

Once Theodore Roosevelt became president, his motto became

A

“Speak softly, and carry a big stick.”

102
Q

In 1905, President Roosevelt helped negotiate a peace settlement between

A

Japan and Russia

103
Q

T/F -

Progressives generally believed government should not interfere with big business

A

False

104
Q

This belief during the Progressive Era persuaded followers to pursue their ideals to bring about the coming of the “Kingdom of God.”

A

Social Gospel

105
Q

The biggest problem progressivism faced during the Progressive Era was:

A

The regulation of Big Business

106
Q

Why was the 1902 coal strike significant?

A

Roosevelt intervened personally

107
Q

Which of the following statements best describes President Wilson?

A

He found it hard to understand and work with people who did not agree with him.

108
Q

T/F -
Whereas Theodore Roosevelt’s New Nationalism plan wanted to eliminate trusts, Woodrow Wilson’s New Freedom plan wanted to regulate them

A

False

Wilson wanted to eliminate them and Roosevelt wanted to regulate them

109
Q

T/F -

Lincoln Steffens was a leading muckraker and sought to make democracy more democratic.

A

True

110
Q

T/F -

The popular election of senators required a constitutional amendment

A

True

111
Q

Why did progressivism eventually fade around 1916?

A

The conflicts of the Great War to the forefront of American concerns, surpassing domestic issues

112
Q

President Wilson argued that women’s suffrage

A

Should be enacted by the States

113
Q

Woodrow Wilson won the election of 1912 because

A

Split in the Republican party

114
Q

Because of the Roosevelt-Taft feud, Theodore Roosevelt decided to

A

break a pledge he had made to not seek another term in office

115
Q

The first monopoly broken up by President Theodore Roosevelt was

A

Northern Securities Company

116
Q

Which of the following would have been considered the average, most common progressive activists during the Progressive period?

A

Christian moralists

117
Q

T/F -

The Great War lasted less than two years and saw about 1 million deaths.

A

False

118
Q

T/F -

Weapons of the Great War included machine guns, armored tanks, flame throwers, and land mines.

A

True

119
Q

Trench warfare was

A

a method that rewarded the side who lasted the longest.

120
Q

The stated purpose of the Food Administration during the Great War was to

A

reduce civilian food consumption.

121
Q

The “Great Migration” refers to

A

African Americans moving from the South to the North during the war

122
Q

During the Great War, the Espionage and Sedition Acts

A

stifled free speech by forbidding public criticism of politicians and war policies.

123
Q

Who was the last tsar to rule in Russia before the Bolshevik Revolution?

A

Nicholas II

124
Q

With the signing of the Treaty of __________, Russia ended its involvement in the Great War.

A

Brest-Litovsk

125
Q

__________ are the payment of money for war damages

A

Reparations

126
Q

T/F -

The Revenue Act of 1916 provided for the expansion of the U.S. army.

A

False

127
Q

T/F -
In 1917, the sinking of U.S. vessels by German submarines in the North Atlantic directly led to Wilson’s call for a formal declaration of war.

A

True

128
Q

President Wilson believed that the keystone to ensuring lasting world peace was

A

the League of Nations.

129
Q

__________ and __________ wanted Germany to pay for the entire financial cost of the war.

A

Great Britain; France

130
Q

Beginning in 1918, __________ killed millions of people worldwide and became a pandemic in the United States.

A

the Spanish flu

131
Q

The __________ rewarded women who had worked so hard during the Great War with the right to vote.

A

Nineteenth Amendment

132
Q

Fears of revolution were so widespread in postwar America that the U.S. attorney general created a government division to collect information on radicals headed by

A

J. Edgar Hoover.

133
Q

T/F -

The Roaring Twenties pitted a cosmopolitan urban America against the values of an insular, rural America.

A

True

134
Q

What helped drive the mass production of the 1920s?

A

Effective marketing tactics

135
Q

According to your textbook, what was the most significant economic and social development of the early twentieth century?

A

The automobile

136
Q

Ford’s Highland Park plant revolutionized the industrial process by

A

creating a moving assembly line method.

137
Q

In addition to the nickname “the Roaring Twenties,” the 1920s have also been labeled the

A

Jazz Age.

138
Q

Who was the founder of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, who W. E. B. Du Bois called the “most dangerous enemy of the Negro race”?

A

Marcus Garvey

139
Q

Why was the Red Scare significant?

A

It created anti-immigrant hysteria in the wake of the end of the Great War.

140
Q

The infamous ___________ case occurred amid terror attacks by anarchists, was overseen by a very biased judge, and resulted in the conviction and execution of two working-class immigrants

A

Sacco and Vanzetti

141
Q

Which of the following lowered the number of allowed immigrants from European nations to 2 percent of the number who lived in the United States as reported in the 1890 census

A

Immigration Act of 1924

142
Q

Which of the following statements about the Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s is accurate?

A

It targeted groups such as Catholics and Jews as well as African Americans.

143
Q

The _______ Trial is a classic example of modernism versus fundamentalism.

A

Scopes

144
Q

Which of the following is one of the reasons that Prohibition failed

A

Organized crime provided a steady supply of liquor.

145
Q

When President Harding died, he was replaced by

A

Calvin Coolidge.

146
Q

What best explains U.S. citizens’ overwhelming support for Coolidge in 1924?

A

The economy was going great, so citizens felt it would make sense to keep him on as president.

147
Q

When Coolidge chose not to run for a second term of his own, the Republicans nominated

A

Herbert Hoover.

148
Q

T/F -

The Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s was mainly a southern rural organization.

A

False

149
Q

T/F -
During the 1920s, the ideas of scientists about the nature of the universe inspired modernist artists to try new techniques

A

True

150
Q

T/F -

Spectator sports contributed to the rise of mass culture in the 1920s

A

True

151
Q

T/F -

In the 1920s many investors bought stocks on margin—that is, with borrowed funds.

A

True

152
Q

Economists call a marked slowdown in economic growth a…

A

Recession

153
Q

What was Europe’s role in the Great Depression?

A

Many European nations had not recovered from World War I and had high debts.

154
Q

Who did the Great Depression effect?

A

People of all classes and backgrounds.

155
Q

In response to the crises of the Great Depression, states deported hundreds of thousands of __________ and __________.

A

Mexican Americans; their American-born children

156
Q

According to your textbook, what was the initial response of the Hoover administration to the Great Depression?

A

The Hoover administration denied the problem.

157
Q

President Hoover believed the best ways to help the needy during the Great Depression were __________ and __________.

A

self-reliance; voluntarism

158
Q

What did Franklin Delano Roosevelt do throughout the presidential campaign of 1932?

A

He repeatedly promised a bold new deal for the American people.

159
Q

The purpose of the Emergency Banking Relief Act was to?

A

restore confidence in American banks.

160
Q

The Twenty-First Amendment, passed in 1933, allowed…

A

Americans to drink alcohol again.

161
Q

What did the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) do?

A

It hired young people to perform reforestation and conservation work.

162
Q

The Louisiana native known as the “Kingfish” who criticized President Roosevelt was?

A

Huey P. Long.

163
Q

T/F -

During the Great Depression, a thousand Americans per day lost their homes to foreclosure.

A

True

164
Q

T/F -

At one point during the Great Depression, states passed laws prohibiting the employment of married women.

A

True

165
Q

T/F -

The AAA required farmers to donate surplus crops and livestock to feed the poor.

A

False

166
Q

T/F -

By the end of 1936, the Supreme Court had proven itself an enemy of Roosevelt’s New Deal

A

True

167
Q

T/F -

The Wagner Act helped dramatically boost union membership.

A

True

168
Q

Because the Great Depression was especially hard on American senior citizens and those with disabilities, the Second New Deal included the…

A

Social Security Act.

169
Q

The first woman cabinet member in American history was…

A

Frances Perkins.

170
Q

In 1937, President Roosevelt tried to add six new justices to the Supreme Court. Why?

A

He wanted to change the court’s makeup to aid his policies.

History 2 Exam (1 decks)

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