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1
Q

What is a stereoscopic display?

A

A display that shows a different view of the scene to each eye, creating a sense of depth in the brain.

This technique is combined with depth levels and various shading techniques to enhance immersion.

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2
Q

What does motion tracking enable in VR?

A

It allows the environment to be viewed in 360° degrees by tracking head movements using sensors on the HMD.

The computer estimates which part of the environment to render based on sensor information.

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3
Q

What are the main components of a VR setup?

A
  • HMD (Head Mounted Display)
  • Controllers
  • Sensors

These components work together to create an immersive VR experience.

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4
Q

What is the difference between passive and interactive virtual reality environments?

A
  • Passive environment: User is only an observer
  • Interactive environment: User can interact with the environment

Interaction is crucial for immersion in VR.

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5
Q

What are controllers in VR?

A

Input devices that allow users to create actions in a virtual environment using buttons and sensors.

They can also provide feedback, such as vibrations.

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6
Q

What function do VR gloves serve?

A
  • Input device: Enables natural interaction
  • Output device: Provides sensation of touch

VR gloves enhance the immersive experience by allowing users to interact more naturally.

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7
Q

What is the purpose of a treadmill in VR?

A

To simulate the user’s movement through the virtual environment, giving the sensation of actually moving.

This adds to the realism and immersion of the VR experience.

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8
Q

Define position tracking in VR.

A

Tracking the position of the HMD, controller, or other input objects in Euclidean space.

It is crucial for creating an immersive experience.

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9
Q

What are the two approaches to optical tracking?

A
  • Inside-out tracking: Camera on the moving object
  • Outside-in tracking: Static cameras tracking a moving object

Each approach has different applications and requirements.

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10
Q

What is sensor fusion?

A

Combining data from multiple sensors and tracking algorithms to improve accuracy of position and orientation.

This technique reduces delay and improves the overall user experience.

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11
Q

True or False: Eye tracking is used to enhance rendering efficiency in VR.

A

True

Foveated rendering reduces the rendering workload by lowering image quality in peripheral vision.

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12
Q

What are common symptoms of VR sickness?

A
  • Discomfort
  • Headache
  • Urge to vomit
  • Dizziness
  • Disorientation

VR sickness can occur without real movement.

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13
Q

What are potential causes of VR sickness?

A
  • Eye strain
  • Refresh rate lag
  • Vergence-accommodation conflict
  • Visual-vestibular mismatch

These factors can lead to discomfort during VR use.

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14
Q

What is the purpose of adding a static frame in VR to combat sickness?

A

To provide a point of reference for the user, enhancing stability in the virtual environment.

This can help mitigate feelings of disorientation.

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15
Q

Fill in the blank: A simulated experience that can be similar to the real world or completely different is known as _______.

A

[Virtual Reality]

VR allows users to be part of the experience rather than just observers.

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16
Q

What was the significance of the year 1987 in VR history?

A

John Lanier coined the term ‘virtual reality’.

This marked a pivotal moment in the formalization of the concept.

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17
Q

What are the core design principles in VR?

A
  • Visual
  • UI/UX
  • Locomotion
  • Sound
  • Social
  • Presence

These principles guide the development of immersive VR experiences.

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18
Q

What locomotion schemes are commonly used in VR?

A
  • Teleportation
  • Joystick
  • Stationary / Room Scale
  • Gesture / Action Based
  • Specialized Hardware

Each scheme has its own advantages and is chosen based on the VR experience desired.

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19
Q

What does ‘screen space’ refer to in the context of VR?

A

Attached to the user’s perspective (non-diegetic)

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20
Q

What do users feel in relation to velocity in VR?

A

Changes in velocity, not velocity itself

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21
Q

What are the primary applications of VR?

A
  • Gaming/Entertainment
  • Simulation/Training
  • 360 Content
  • Telepresence
  • Visualization
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22
Q

What makes gaming in VR different from traditional gaming?

A
  • Immersion
  • Presence
  • Room-Scale
  • Interactive
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23
Q

What is ‘phantom limb pain’ in a medical context?

A

Sensations that an individual experiences relating to a limb or an organ that is not physically part of the body

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24
Q

How does VR help with exposure therapy for phobias?

A

By allowing patients to confront their fears in a safe and controlled environment

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25
What is the purpose of VR in industrial driving simulators?
To enable users to see all of the virtual environment, not just the view in front of them
26
What is the use of VR in the aerospace sector?
Training astronauts for spacewalks at NASA's Johnson Space Center
27
What is 'telepresence'?
Virtual collaboration across various fields such as business, medical, social, and judicial
28
What are '360 videos'?
Videos where you can see all around you, captured using a 360 camera
29
What is the difference between monoscopic and stereoscopic 360 video?
* Monoscopic: Uses one camera, flat 2D image * Stereoscopic: Uses two cameras, provides depth and three-dimensionality
30
What is 'ambisonics' in audio format?
A full-sphere surround sound format capturing sound directionality, including height information
31
What is the main focus of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)?
The design, evaluation, and implementation of interactive computing systems for human use
32
What does 'usability' refer to?
The extent to which a user can use a system, product, or service to achieve goals effectively and efficiently
33
List the ten usability heuristics according to Jakob Nielsen.
* Visibility of system status * Match between system and the real world * User control and freedom * Consistency and standards * Error prevention * Recognition rather than recall * Flexibility and efficiency of use * Aesthetic and minimalist design * Help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors * Help and documentation
34
What is the process of User-Centered Design (UCD)?
* User research * Design - Prototype * Iterate implementation * Evaluate
35
What does the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model focus on?
Factors affecting users' acceptance and use of technology
36
What are the potential negative implications of AR/VR?
* Online anonymity leading to cyber-bullying * Escapism from the real world * Information overload affecting focus
37
What is the significance of interaction in HCI?
A two-way process linked to human intention to use the device and its functionality
38
What is the goal of UX professionals?
To build new applications, products, and services with the user in focus
39
Fill in the blank: 'Interaction Design (ID) is about ______.'
[shaping digital things for people’s use]
40
True or False: VR movies use the 360 space around the viewer.
True
41
What are some examples of VR applications in education?
* AR Textbooks * Mission ISS Simulator * Virtual Housing Tours
42
What should be considered in XR design?
* Make Onboarding Simple * Keep It Predictable * Leave Clues * Make the Experience Useful * Delight the User, but Keep them Grounded * Design for a Diverse Set of Users
43
What is the primary focus of UX evaluation for games?
User surveys
44
What type of scale is commonly used in user surveys?
Likert scale with 5 or 7 levels
45
What statistical measures are important in user surveys?
* Central tendency * Distribution * Average values * Frequencies
46
What is the importance of visualization in user surveys?
47
What is a case study mentioned in relation to user surveys?
Crvena stijena case study
48
What does 'ED' stand for in the user survey data?
Educational data
49
What does 'IM' stand for in the user survey data?
Implementation metrics
50
What does 'EE' stand for in the user survey data?
Experiential evaluation
51
What can be concluded about user engagement from the survey data?
High scores in engagement metrics indicate positive user experiences.
52
What does 'baking' refer to in the context of Unity 3D lighting?
Calculation of complex static lighting effects
53
What are the two types of illumination in Unity 3D?
* Real-time illumination * Precomputed illumination
54
What are the primary types of lights available in Unity 3D?
* Point light * Spot light * Directional light * Area light * Ambient light * Emissive materials
55
What is ambient light in Unity 3D?
Light present throughout the scene that does not come from a specific source
56
What is the purpose of light probes in Unity?
To capture and use information about light passing through empty space
57
What is a skybox in Unity?
A rendering technique that creates the illusion of a realistic sky around the scene
58
What types of textures can be used to create a skybox?
* .hdr * .jpg * .png
59
What is the role of reflection probes in Unity?
To sample the virtual environment for reflection effects
60
Fill in the blank: The __________ is used for ambient lighting in Unity.
Skybox
61
True or False: Real-time lighting in Unity does not require recalculation during operation.
False
62
What is the difference between baked and real-time reflection probes?
* Baked: precalculated and static * Real-time: calculated dynamically
63
What is an example of a lighting technique that creates rich global illumination in Unity?
Precomputed real-time GI
64
What parameters must Unity know to calculate the shading of a 3D object?
* Intensity * Direction * Color of the light
65
What is the impact of well-placed lighting in computer graphics?
Contributes to the reality of the scene, overall atmosphere, and user experience

Virtual reality (1 decks)

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