History Flashcards
Who are the Ainu People?
Indigenous people of Japan. Live in Northern Tohoku and Hokkaido.
Different Language.
Spiritual belief that spirits reside in everything.
What are the different eras?
Jomon: 12,000-300BC
Yayoi: 300-300Ad
Kofun: 300-710
Nara: 710-794
Heian: 794-1185
Kamakura: 1185-1333
Moromachi: 1333-1568
Azuchi Momoyama: 1568-1600
Edo: 1600-1868
Meiji,Taisho: 1868-1926
Showa,Heisei, Reiwa: 1927-Now
What is Jomon known for?
Jomon Clayware
What is the Yayoi Period known for?
Rice Cultivation
Advanced pottery.
Bronze and Iron use
Class System
Yoshinohari Ruins
What is the Kofun Period known for?
Central Government in Nara.
Yamato clan established emperors
Kofun tombs for the powerful
Who is Prince Shotoku?
Established the 17 article constitution that outlined moral precepts for the ruling class.
Political system centered on emperor.
When was Horyuji Temple Built?
The Kofun Period by Prince Shotoku
What period had great influence from Chinese Culture?
The Nara period.
Envoys were sent to China. Many items were brought back from China and the West.
What was the Nara period known for?
Emperor Shomu built provincial temples including the great Buddha at todaiji temple which is 14.8m high. This was thought to ease social unrest.
When was “The Tale of Genji” written and what was its significance? Who is the author?
During the Heian Period. Written by Murasaki Shikibu (court lady). The oldest full-length novel. About relations and personal connections that tell about the lives of noble people at this time. Rise and fall and transition to the next generation. Beautiful writing and emotion.
What is the Heian Period Known for?
Nobility grew incredibly powerful and started Regency Politics.
Capital was moved to Kyoto.
Japanese Kana System was created
Stopped envoys to China which led to a very culturally rich period of Japan
Who was the Taira Clan
Small group of Samurais that gained political power and were defeated in the Heian period.
What is the Kamakura Period known for?
Japan entered a Feudal Period
Rise of the Shogunate
Buddhism became more popular.
Who was Minamoto Toritomo?
He became shogun during the Kamakura period. The Hojo clan (his wife’s family) established power as a regency government.
When did the Mongolians try to invade Japan and did they succeed?
They tried to invade twice and failed both times due to a typhoon. Likely would’ve won otherwise due to different ways of fighting on both sides.
What is at Todaiji Nandaimon South Gate?
Two wrathful and muscular buddhas
What is the Muromachi Period known for?
-The fall of the Kamakura Shogunate with the help of the Emperor and the rise of the Muromachi Shogunate.
- Zen Temples eg. Kinkakuji Temple
Establishment of Noh, Kyogen, Tea Ceremony, and Ikebana.
What is the Muromachi Period known for?
-The fall of the Kamakura Shogunate with the help of the Emperor and the rise of the Muromachi Shogunate.
- Zen Temples eg. Kinkakuji Temple
Establishment of Noh, Kyogen, Tea Ceremony, and Ikebana.
What is the Kinkakuji Temple?
Build during the Muromachi Period. This zen temple was a retirement home for Ashikaga Takauji.
What is Noh?
A form of theatre that includes dance, poetry, music, and drama. Muromachi Period
What is Ikebana?
A flower arrangement that is subtle and simple. Muromachi period.
What is the Tea Ceremony?
Muromachi Period. Also known as Chanouyu.
What is Azuchi Period know for?
Gekokujou: Those with Greater ability overcame those of higher rank.
-Samurais
-Folding Screens
Who were the Two famous Samurai of the Azuchi Momoyama Period?
Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi
Who was Oba Nobunaga
First Samurai to use a gun in battle. This was dying the battle of Nagashino. Cruel and died by his own stubborn hands.
Who was Toyotomi Hideyoshi?
Was a peasant to Oda Nobunaga. Became an advisor for the Emperor.
-land survey and sword hunting.
What were the 3 castles built in h thy e Azuchi Momoyama Period and which one did Nobunaga live in?
-Azuchi Castle:stones were used.
-Gifu Castle: Nobunaga and Rebuilt in Meiji period
-Osaka Castle: Popular tourist destination.
What was the Edo period know for?
-Time of peace, strict laws and social hierarchy
-post towns and Samurai marches
-Self isolation
-No Christianity and limited trade
-Increasing Western Influence
Edo period Staples that still exists today.
-Soy sauce production
-Sake Production
-Nishijin Textiles
-Haiku Poetry
- Kabuki Theatre
Tokugawa Leyasu?
established political power in Edo (Tokyo). Established shogunate. Desired peace. Edo Period
Meiji Period
-Edo to Tokyo.
-Japan was fully open and took on western influences.
-Solar Calendar
Taisho Period
-Western influence became more popular. Shown in fashion and food.
-WW1 outbreak
-economic boom, industrial growth, and expansion of power.
-radio broadcasting and media
