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fun studing > History > Flashcards

History Flashcards

1
Q

The valleys of the ______ and _____ rivers were the site of the world’s first civilizations

A

Tigris and Euphrates

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2
Q

annual floods of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers brought _____ that made the land ideal for farming

A

silt

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3
Q

mixture of rich soil and tiny rocks

A

silt

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4
Q

organized society within a specific area

A

civilization

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5
Q

what are features of civilization

A

writing
formal education
art
architecture
government

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6
Q

away from river

A

desert

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7
Q

Tigris and Euphrates rivers are the most important physical features of the region known as

A

Mesopotamia

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8
Q

Mesopotamia means ______ in Greek

A

land between the rivers

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9
Q

Mesopotamia is a part of a larger area of rich farmland called the

A

fertile crescent

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10
Q

______ supplied water to farmland from the rivers by taking water through canals and ditches to fields

A

irrigation

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11
Q

irrigation increased the amount of _____ farmers produced

A

food

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12
Q

increased amounts of food led to ______ or having more than was needed

A

surpluses

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13
Q

surpluses meant that fewer people needed to farm so

A

new occupations developed

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14
Q

fewer people needed to farm so they took on

A

other roles and jobs

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15
Q

when workers specialize in a particular task a ______ is created

A

division of labor

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16
Q

more than needed

A

surplus

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17
Q

consisted of a city and all of the surrounding countryside

A

city state

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18
Q

the amount of countryside in each city-state depended on its

A

military strength

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19
Q

a king of Uruk named ______ became a legendary figure

A

Gilamesh

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20
Q

bestfriend

A

Enkidu

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21
Q

monster

A

Humbaba

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22
Q

the _____ developed the first civilization in Mesopotamia

A

Sumerians

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23
Q

the Akkadian ruler ______ had the first permanent army

A

Sargon

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24
Q

when Sargon’s army conquered northern Mesopotamia, he established the world’s first

A

empire

25
Q

land with different territories and people under a single rule

A

empire

26
Q

Sumerian ______ was the basis of all Sumerian society

A

polytheism

27
Q

worship of many gods

A

polytheism

28
Q

involved the use of sharp tools called styluses

A

cuneiform system

29
Q

social hierarchy is a

A

triangle

30
Q

becoming a _____ was a way to move up in a social class

A

scribe

31
Q

pyramid-shaped temple tower, rose above each city

A

ziggurat

32
Q

this increased farm production

A

plow

33
Q

what was under city streets that was a technical advances

A

sewers

34
Q

tools were made out of

A

bronze

35
Q

who was the Babylon king that was the city’s greatest monarch

A

Hammurabi

36
Q

the Kassites ruled for

A

400 years

36
Q

the Hittities were taken over the by ____ after their king was assassinated

A

Kassites

36
Q

who was the first to master iron working so they had the strongest weapons

A

Hittities

36
Q

a wheeled, horse-drawn cart, which allowed to move quickly around the battlefield

A

chariot

37
Q

developed a set of 282 laws that were written down for all to see

A

Hammurabi’s code

38
Q

Hammurabi’s code was unique because

A

it was written down for all to see

39
Q

rebuilt Babylon into a beautiful city that had the famous hanging gardens

A

Nechuchadnezzar

40
Q

created a wealthy trading society along the Mediterranean Sea

A

Phoenicians

41
Q

developed one of the world’s first alphabets with 22 letters

A

Phoenicians

42
Q

who built a trading society in the eastern Mediterranean region that used cedar trees for timber

A

Phoenicians

43
Q

Persia became an empire under

A

Cyrus the Great

44
Q

the Persian army was composed of _____ which were 10,000 soldiers chosen for their bravery and skill

A

immportals

45
Q

the Persian army had a _____ which is unit of soldiers who ride horses. Cyrus the Great used this to charge at and shoot enemies with arrows

A

cavalry

46
Q

Cyrus the Great conquered many people but let them keep their own

A

customs

47
Q

Governors called ______ ruled the provinces

A

satraps

48
Q

during the rule of Darius 1 a new religion arose called

A

Zoroastrianism

49
Q

Zoroastrianism taught that two forces were fighting in the universe

A

good force and an evil force

50
Q

Darius 1 built ______ that connected various parts of the empire called Pony Express

A

roads

51
Q

the roads connected the empire and allowed _____ to travel quickly

A

messages

52
Q

Darius was angry that the Greeks had aided a revolt against the Persians so he invaded Greece in a series of battles known as the

A

Persian War

53
Q

according to legend a messenger ran from ___ to ____ to bring news of the Greek victory. It was 26 miles and he later died

A

Marathon to Athens

54
Q

Xerxes 1 tried to conquer Greece again joined by the Persian Navy. Who won

A

Greece

55
Q

The Spartans slowed the Persian army at _____ giving Greece enough time to gain the upper hand and eventually beat the Persians at Plataea, ending the Persian Wars

A

Thermopylae

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