History Flashcards

1
Q

What was the French and Indian War?

A

A conflict between Britain and France in North America from 1754 to 1763.

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2
Q

What was the Treaty of Paris?

A

The agreement that ended the French and Indian War in 1763.

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3
Q

What was the significance of war debt after the French and Indian War?

A

It led to increased taxation in the colonies.

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4
Q

What was the Proclamation of 1763?

A

A decree that prohibited American colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains.

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5
Q

What is mercantilism?

A

An economic theory that trade generates wealth and is stimulated by the accumulation of profitable balances.

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6
Q

What was the Sugar Act?

A

A law passed in 1764 that imposed taxes on sugar and molasses imported into the colonies.

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7
Q

What were Writs of Assistance?

A

Legal documents that allowed customs officers to search for smuggled goods without a warrant.

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8
Q

What was the Stamp Act?

A

A 1765 law that taxed printed materials in the colonies.

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9
Q

Who were the Sons and Daughters of Liberty?

A

Groups formed to oppose British policies and promote colonial resistance.

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10
Q

What does it mean to boycott?

A

To refuse to buy goods or services as a form of protest.

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11
Q

What was the Declaratory Act?

A

A law passed in 1766 affirming Parliament’s authority to legislate for the colonies.

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12
Q

What were the Townshend Acts?

A

A series of laws passed in 1767 imposing duties on imported goods.

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13
Q

What was the Boston Massacre?

A

A confrontation in 1770 where British soldiers killed five colonists.

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14
Q

What role did propaganda play in the American Revolution?

A

It was used to influence public opinion against British rule.

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15
Q

What was the Boston Tea Party?

A

A protest in 1773 against British taxes on tea, where colonists dumped tea into Boston Harbor.

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16
Q

What were the Coercive Acts?

A

A series of punitive measures taken by Britain in response to the Boston Tea Party.

17
Q

What was the First Continental Congress?

A

A meeting of delegates from 12 of the 13 colonies in 1774 to respond to British policies.

18
Q

What happened at the Battle at Lexington and Concord?

A

The first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War in April 1775.

19
Q

What was the Second Continental Congress?

A

A convention of delegates that managed the colonial war effort and moved incrementally towards independence.

20
Q

What was the Olive Branch Petition?

A

A final attempt by the colonists to avoid war with Britain in 1775.

21
Q

What is the Declaration of Independence?

A

The document adopted on July 4, 1776, declaring the colonies’ independence from Britain.

22
Q

What was the Magna Carta?

A

A charter signed in the 13th century that limited the powers of the king.

23
Q

What was the English Bill of Rights?

A

A document from the 17th century that outlined specific rights for citizens and limited the powers of the monarchy.

24
Q

What is the Enlightenment?

A

An intellectual movement emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition.

25
Q

What are natural rights?

A

Rights that individuals are born with, such as life, liberty, and property.

26
Q

What is the social contract?

A

An agreement among individuals to form a society and abide by its rules.

27
Q

What does ‘no taxation without representation’ mean?

A

The principle that taxes should not be levied without the consent of the taxed.

28
Q

Who were the Patriots?

A

Colonists who rebelled against British control during the American Revolution.

29
Q

Who were the Loyalists?

A

Colonists who remained loyal to the British crown during the American Revolution.

30
Q

What was the Continental Army?

A

The army formed by the colonies to fight against British rule.

31
Q

What was the Battle of Saratoga?

A

A turning point in the American Revolution in 1777 that led to French support for the colonies.

32
Q

What was Valley Forge?

A

The site of the Continental Army’s winter camp in 1777-1778, known for its hardships.

33
Q

What was the Battle of Yorktown?

A

The last major battle of the American Revolution in 1781, leading to British surrender.

34
Q

What was the Treaty of Paris?

A

The treaty that ended the American Revolution in 1783.