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SA > History > Flashcards

History Flashcards

1
Q

Who founded the Free Software Movement and created the GNU Operating System?

A

Richard Stallman

He founded the Free Software Movement and created the GNU Operating System.

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2
Q

When did Proprietary software emerge?

A

1970s and 1980s

Proprietary software emerged in the 1970s and 1980s.

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3
Q

What are the core responsibilities of the Future of System Administration?

A

Future of System Administration

The Future of System Administration core responsibilities remain unchanged despite evolving technologies.

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4
Q

Who criticized software sharing without compensation in the ‘Open Letter to Hobbyists’ in 1976?

A

Bill Gates

During 1976, the ‘Open Letter to Hobbyists’ criticized software sharing without compensation.

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5
Q

When did the GNU project nearly replace proprietary Unix programs with free alternatives?

A

1991

By 1991, the GNU project had nearly replaced proprietary Unix programs with free alternatives.

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6
Q

What ensures software freedoms are preserved?

A

GNU General Public License (GPL)

The GNU General Public License (GPL) ensures software freedoms are preserved.

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7
Q

Who founded Cygnus Software, the first company focused on supporting Free Software?

A

Michael Tiemann

He founded Cygnus Software, the first company focused on supporting Free Software.

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8
Q

Who developed the Linux kernel to replicate the SunOS environment used at the University of Helsinki?

A

Linus Torvalds

Linus Torvalds developed the Linux kernel to replicate the SunOS environment he used at the University of Helsinki.

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9
Q

What is a complex microkernel system that faced debugging challenges?

A

GNU Hurd project

The GNU Hurd project is a complex microkernel system that faced debugging challenges.

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10
Q

What combined system is advocated for calling GNU/Linux?

A

GNU/Linux

The Linux and GNU projects are symbiotic, leading to advocacy for calling the combined system ‘GNU/Linux’.

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11
Q

What is the more reliable, flexible, and extensible web server compared to closed-source competitors?

A

Apache web server

The Apache web server is more reliable, flexible, and extensible than closed-source competitors.

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12
Q

What highlighted the effectiveness of the open-source peer review process?

A

Eric Raymond

‘The Cathedral and the Bazaar’ highlighted the effectiveness of the open-source peer review process.

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13
Q

Which major company released its source code in 1998, led by Jim Barksdale?

A

Netscape, Jim Barksdale

Netscape became the first major company to release its source code in 1998, led by Jim Barksdale.

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14
Q

What term was coined to avoid negative business connotations associated with ‘Free Software’?

A

Open Source

The term Open Source was coined to avoid negative business connotations associated with ‘Free Software’.

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15
Q

What is derived from the Debian Free Software Guidelines and outlines key rights like free redistribution and access to source code?

A

Open Source Definition

The Open Source Definition is derived from the Debian Free Software Guidelines and outlines key rights like free redistribution and access to source code.

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16
Q

The success of Linux relied on what supporting the platform?

A

Independent software vendors (ISVs)

The success of Linux relied on Independent software vendors (ISVs) like Oracle and Sybase supporting the platform.

17
Q

What protest on February 19th encouraged returning unused copies of Windows?

A

Windows Refund Day

A ‘Windows Refund Day’ protest on February 19th encouraged returning unused copies of Windows.

18
Q

Who believed the success of GNU/Linux promotes software freedom education?

A

Richard Stallman

Richard Stallman believes the success of GNU/Linux promotes software freedom education.

19
Q

What did Linus Torvalds expect but was surprised by the growth of the Linux ecosystem?

A

a small consulting business

Linus Torvalds expected a small consulting business but was surprised by the growth of the Linux ecosystem.

20
Q

Who is the vice president of Microsoft?

A

Craig Mundle

Craig Mundle is the vice president of Microsoft.

21
Q

What did Craig Mundie view Linux as a competitor to?

A

Microsoft Windows NT

Craig Mundie viewed Linux as a competitor to Microsoft Windows NT.

SA (2 decks)

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