History

Question 1

What were the Jim Crow laws?

Answer 1

Jim Crow laws were a collection of state and local statutes that legalized racial segregation and discrimination in the United States, primarily in the Southern states, from the late 19th century until 1965.

Question 2

What was the civil rights movement?

Answer 2

a social movement and campaign in the USA to abolish racial segregation and discrimination

Question 3

Who was the leader of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)?

Answer 3

Martin Luther King Jr.

Question 4

What landmark legislation was signed into law in 1964 to address discrimination?

Answer 4

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was the landmark legislation signed into law on July 2, 1964 to address discrimination in the United States.

Question 5

Which Supreme Court case ruled that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional?

Answer 5

Brown v. Board of Education (1954).

Question 6

Who was the prominent African American woman who refused to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama?

Answer 6

Rosa Parks.

Question 7

What was the significance of the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in 1963?

Answer 7

• It was a pivotal event where Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his famous “I Have a Dream” speech and highlighted the demand for racial equality and economic justice.
• Brought together an estimated 250,000 people, making it one of the largest political rallies for human rights in U.S. history at that time.
• massive scale and unity of the civil rights movement

Question 8

What organization was founded by Stokely Carmichael and aimed to promote Black power and self-determination?

Answer 8

The Black Panther Party.

Question 9

Who were the Little Rock Nine?

Answer 9

A group of nine African American students who were the first to integrate Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1957.

Question 10

What was the response of the Arkansas governor to the integration of Central High School?

Answer 10

Governor Orval Faubus deployed the National Guard to prevent the Little Rock Nine from entering the school.

Question 11

What was the main purpose of the Emancipation Proclamation issued by President Abraham Lincoln?

Answer 11

To declare the freedom of all enslaved people in Confederate-held territory.

Question 12

Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution officially abolished slavery?

Answer 12

The 13th Amendment

Question 13

Which amendment guarantees equal protection under the law and was instrumental in advancing civil rights?

Answer 13

The 14th Amendment

Question 14

What is the main purpose of the 15th Amendment?

Answer 14

To prohibit the denial of voting rights based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

Question 15

What was the primary goal of the Ku Klux Klan during the early 20th century?

Answer 15

The primary goal of the Ku Klux Klan was to maintain white supremacy and resist the civil rights and social progress of African Americans and other minority groups.

Question 16

In what year was the original Ku Klux Klan founded?

Answer 16

The original Ku Klux Klan was founded in 1865.

Question 17

What tactics did the KKK use to intimidate and oppose the Civil Rights Movement?

Answer 17

The KKK used violence, intimidation, and terror, including lynchings, bombings, and arson, to oppose the Civil Rights Movement and maintain segregation.

Question 18

What was the main objective of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)?

Answer 18

The main objective of SNCC was to promote and organize nonviolent protests and grassroots activism to advance civil rights and voter registration, especially among young people

Question 19

Which organization was founded in 1909 and played a significant role in the legal fight against racial discrimination?

Answer 19

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).

Question 20

What was the focus of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) during the Civil Rights Movement?

Answer 20

CORE focused on direct-action strategies such as sit-ins and Freedom Rides to challenge segregation and promote racial equality.

Question 21

In what year did the Montgomery Bus Boycott begin?

Answer 21

The Montgomery Bus Boycott began in December 1955.

Question 22

What was the role of Martin Luther King Jr. in the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

Answer 22

Martin Luther King Jr. emerged as a prominent leader during the boycott, advocating for nonviolent resistance and helping to organize and sustain the boycott.

Question 23

How long did the Montgomery Bus Boycott last?

Answer 23

The boycott lasted for 381 days

Question 24

What was the outcome of the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

Answer 24

The boycott led to a Supreme Court ruling that declared segregation on public buses unconstitutional, effectively ending racial segregation in Montgomery’s public transportation system

Question 25

What economic disparity persisted between African Americans and whites despite the civil rights movement’s efforts?

Answer 25

Economic inequality

Question 26

What were the major legal and legislative achievements of the African American civil rights movement in the USA by 1968?

Answer 26

The 1954 Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education overturning the Plessy v. Ferguson doctrine of “separate but equal.”

Civil Rights Act of 1964 was a landmark piece of legislation that outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, ending segregation in public places and banning employment discrimination.

Voting Rights Act of 1965 prohibited racial discrimination in voting

Civil Rights Act of 1968, also known as the Fair Housing Act, provided for equal housing opportunities regardless of race, religion, or national origin, and made it a federal crime to intimidate individuals exercising their civil rights.

Question 27

How did the African American civil rights movement impact social and cultural aspects of American life by 1968?

Answer 27

The movement led to the desegregation of public facilities, including schools, parks, libraries, and restaurants, particularly in the South.
increased African American political participation –> resulting in the election of African Americans to various public offices and a greater presence in political processes.

address economic disparities, promoting affirmative action policies to improve employment opportunities and reduce discrimination

Question 28

What were some of the key events and figures in the African American civil rights movement up to 1968, and what were their impacts?

Answer 28

he Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955-1956), Supreme Court ruling that segregation on public buses was unconstitutional.
The sit-ins and Freedom Rides of 1960-1961 .
The March on Washington in 1963,

Question 29

What were the ongoing challenges and limitations faced by the African American civil rights movement by 1968, despite its achievements?

Answer 29

Structural racism and segregation persisted in various areas, including housing, employment, and education. Economic disparities between African Americans and whites remained stark, with higher poverty and unemployment rates among African Americans

Question 30

What was the impact of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 on African American political engagement?

Answer 30

The Voting Rights Act of 1965 greatly increased African American voter registration and political participation, leading to more African Americans being elected to public office.

Question 31

How did the Montgomery Bus Boycott influence the civil rights movement?

Answer 31

The Montgomery Bus Boycott demonstrated the power of nonviolent protest and economic pressure, leading to the desegregation of public buses and inspiring similar protests across the country.

Question 32

What role did the March on Washington in 1963 play in the civil rights movement?

Answer 32

The March on Washington highlighted the demand for racial equality and civil rights, and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech became a defining moment in the struggle for justice.

Question 33

What were the main goals of the sit-ins and Freedom Rides in the early 1960s?

Answer 33

The sit-ins and Freedom Rides aimed to challenge and end segregation in public places and on interstate buses, drawing national attention to the civil rights movement.

Question 34

How did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 address discrimination in the workplace?

Answer 34

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 banned employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, promoting fair hiring practices and equal opportunity.

Question 35

What are some key organisations for African American Civil Rights?

Answer 35

The NAACP
Southern Christian Leadership Conference
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
Nation of Islam
Black Panthers

Question 36

How did economic inequality persist despite the achievements of the civil rights movement?

Answer 36

Economic inequality persisted through higher poverty and unemployment rates among African Americans, despite efforts to improve economic opportunities and reduce discrimination.

Question 37

What were the effects of violence and resistance faced by civil rights activists?

Answer 37

Violence and resistance from opponents created significant obstacles for the movement, leading to widespread fear and the need for increased security and legal protections for activists.

Question 38

What is the difference between the SS and the SA?

Answer 38

SS members generally came from the middle class, while the SA had its base among the unemployed and working class.

Question 39

What did SA do?

Answer 39

The SA. A military style organisation of the Nazi party formed in 1921 under Hitler. played a part in the Nazis’ increasing popularity by: intimidating the Nazis’ political opponents – especially the communists – by turning up at their meetings and attacking them.

Question 40

What was the SS?

Answer 40

The black-uniformed elite corps and self-described “political soldiers” of the Nazi Party. Founded by Adolf Hitler in April 1925 as a small personal bodyguard, the SS grew with the success of the Nazi movement and, gathering immense police and military powers, became virtually a state within a state.