History Flashcards
Pre 1066 England
It was a very bland place as it had no castle or particular big places.
Land was given to people like barons or knights of the king
Three contenders
In 1066 Edward the confessor died and he had no relatives left for the throne.
The three contenders
Harold Hardrada king of Norway claimed the throne belonged to him because his grandfather was stripped of the throne.
Harold Godwinson was said to have been promised the throne on King Edwards death bed.He was a powerful warrior and he had ruled for a bit when Edward did religious duties.
William duke of Normandy said that he was promised the throne when him and Edward grew up in Normandy together as they were cousins.He ruled Normandy since he was seven
Crowned king
Jan 6 Harold Godwinson was crowned king even though William had found him captured once and force him to sweat in god that Harold would support him in being king.
Battle of Stamford bridge
26th September
The vikings now sailed to England and have taken control of York and there are having supplies delivered to Stamford bridge.Harold is far away so when the Viking get to Stamford bridge they wait around and eventually harild army get to Stamford bridge and it took them four to five days.Harold caught the Viking by surprise and some didn’t even have armour on but there is one Viking on Stamford bridge who is killing all the Englishmen so a pike goes under the bridge and stabs him.Harold Hardrada is killed but the vikings fight on and eventually tostig harold brother is killed.Only24 out of 300 ships went home for the vikings.
Battle of Hastings
27th September William invades England.
14ty October the battle of Hastings takes place.The first thing that William did when he reached England was build castles.William had more troops and cavalry and more special Ed troops.Harold’s troops were tired.Williams troops couldn’t break the front line of defence so they pretended to retreat and then the cavalry flanked them which broke the wall so the other troops could attack.
What was expected if a royal kingship
They had to establish order and keep the peace
Fight foreign invaders
They were roscoe divine for administrating justice
Establish legal practice
Listen to their council
Look and act the part
Role of women
defined by their marital status: are they married, unmarried, or a widow? Their status is therefore based on the closest man who supports her. If the woman is unmarried, this is probably her father, if she is married it will be her husband. Widows have a little more financial independence
They always have to obey him and ask permission. The law, set by men, also greatly limited the freedom of women. Women were:
● Not allowed to marry without their parents’ consent
● Could only own business with special permission
● Not allowed to divorce their husbands
● Could not own property of any kind unless they were widows
● Could not inherit land from their parents’ if they had any surviving brothers Wealthy women were frequently married at a very young age and the marriage was usually arranged by her family. However, poorer women married when they were older and had more of a choice of who they could marry
Thomas Beckett
Thomas becket was a friend of King Henry II and Henry made him the archbishop thinking that he would help Henry but Beckett started taking other bishops sides and not his side so Henry was annoyed and said how dare Beckett in front of his knights so his knights found Beckett and killed him.Henry was so upset and took himself for the blame so for three days he did not eat and he agreed to be whipped.
John being a good king
He was the reason why the Magna Carta was invented and it was a rally important thing and still is,he was constantly trying to win land for England,he only taxed people so he could raise and army.
John being a bad king
He taxed way too much money,he was such a bad king the people felt like they needed the Magna Carta,he lost a ton of land,he forced widows ti remarry
Problems he faced
He had a poor army and the pope wanted to pick the archbishop
Things he inherited (baggage)
he had to manage clashes with the Pope, France and his own barons. He had to deal with all these problems without the finances he needed to successfully manage them.
Magna Carta
The Magna Carta was a document that explained that the people had free rights and also saying thing the king or queen cannot force them to do.It was very useful in that time and is still very useful but soon after John signed it he made a new paper saying that his choice overruled all.When John died his younger nephew who because king signed it because he had a wise advisor
Bubonic plague
It spread to England from china in trades and boats.It came from fleas on rats and you could get it by being bit.Tye rats hid in sewers and Some sewers were open.Tye mortality rate was 50%.It reached England June 1348
Bubonic plague cures?
Potions and pastes were a common attempt at dealing with illness, especially the Black Death. These concoctions could be made up of anything from snake venom, to alcohol, to crushed emeralds and even mercury.
People believed that sitting in sewers helped which only made things worse. Animal cures. One of the most popular animal Black Death cures was the ‘Vicary Method’, in which a live chicken would be strapped to the affected area of the patient. …
