history Flashcards
what was the industrial revolution?
an increase in machine-made goods beginning in England during the 1700s
what was the result of the agricultural revolution?
Many small farmers became tenant farmers or moved to cities.
Landowners experimented with new agricultural methods.
Enclosures became landmarks of wealthy landowners.
What were the three factors of production required for industrialization?
land, labor, capital
What was the main cause of the process of urbanization that occurred in 19th-century Britain and elsewhere in Western Europe?
industrialization
How did landowners and aristocrats view wealthy members of the middle class?
looked down upon
What did Britain do to keep industrial secrets from the United States?
forbade engineers, mechanics, and toolmakers from leaving the country
What was the benefit of being a stockholder in a corporation?
not personally responsible for its debts
What is the laissez-faire policy?
Free market approach, all economic decisions made by producers and consumers, no government interference
What is the name for the voluntary associations of workers seeking labor reforms?
unions
What are examples of reform movements?
public education,women’s rights,abolition of slavery
How did the Agricultural Revolution lead to the Industrial Revolution?
It led to population growth.
How did Britain’s economy affect the process of industrialization?
positively, by Britain’s highly developed banking system
What was the impact of the steam engine on the production of British goods?
It launched the railway age, which brought transportation to a new level
How did the Industrial Revolution affect cities?
It made the population grow faster than the housing supply
What factors most contributed to the shorter life span of those living in cities as opposed to those in the country
illness caused by unhealthy living conditions
