History Flashcards
Who is the Maternal Grandfather of Claudius?
Marcus Antonius
Who assassinate Caesar, with other conspirators (Casca strikes first)?
Brutus and Cassius
Which battle took place in 260 BC?
Mylae
Which emperor reportedly played his fiddle as he watched Rome burn?
Nero
Who was the son of Claudius and Messalina?
Britannicus
Which emperor instituted the Tetrarchy in which the empire was divided into East & West?
Diocletian
What was Cicero’s full name?
Marcus Tullius Cicero
What is the modern day name of Neapolis?
Naples
Who brought the cherry tree from the East to Italy?
Lucullus
What did Augustus reportedly say before he died?
acta est fabula
What did Constantine rename Byzantium?
Constantinople
What does “acta est fabula” mean?
the story is finished
When Carthage refused to leave Messana, who did the Mamertines appeal to for help?
Rome
What Carthaginian made his young son Hannibal swear eternal hatred for Rome in return for the opportunity to join his father’s military exploits?
Hamilcar Barca
The 2nd Samnite War was fought over a dispute at what city?
Neapolis (Naples)
Who was referred to as “The Second Founder of Rome”?
Camillus
At what battle in 426 BC did Cossus defeat Tolumnius and win the Spolia Opima?
Fidenae
Where and when does Trajan die?
Selinus (117 AD)
What does “Cicero” mean?
chickpea
What group did Gallienus and Claudius Gothicus defeat at Naissus?
Goths
What philosophy did Marcus Aurelius practice?
Stoicism
What military innovation was Pyrrhus the first to use against the Romans?
elephants
Which emperor reigned from 138-161 AD?
Antoninus Pius
What group of Campanian mercenaries overran Messana after abandoning their agreement to fight for the Syracusans?
Mamertines
Which king’s wife was named Tanaquil?
Tarquinnius Priscus
What is another name for the battle of Cremona?
Bedriacum
What does “Scaevola” mean?
Left-Handed / Lefty
In what year did Marcellus defeat Viridomarus at Clastidium and win the Spolia Opima?
222 BC
Who were the two sons of Septimius Severus & Julia Domna?
Caracalla & Geta
Which emperor has the nickname/title Dominus et deus?
Domitian (‘lord and god’)
Which emperor ruled from 41 - 54?
Claudius
At what battle in 48 BC was Pompey defeated by Caesar and killed after fleeing to Egypt?
Pharsalus
Which battle took place in 207 BC?
Metaurus River
Which battle took place in 218 BC?
Trebia River
What war did the Romans fight from 215-205 BC?
First Macedonian War
What were the years of Titus’ reign?
79-81 AD
What were the years of Trajan’s reign?
98-117 AD
Which emperor built the first defensive wall in Britain to mark Rome’s territory?
Hadrian
Which emperor was responsible for the recovery of the legionary standards lost by Crassus at Carrhae in 53 BC?
Augustus
Which emperor ruled from 218 - 222?
Elagabalus
At what battle of 324 AD did Constantine defeat his rival Licinius and become sole emperor?
Chrysopolis
What happened after Appius Claudius tried to take advantage of Verginia?
she killed herself
Which emperor reigned from 379-395 AD?
Theodosius
Which emperor ruled from 217 - 218?
Macrinus
Which battle took place in 206 BC?
Ilipa
In what year did Attalus III bequeathe Pergamum to the Romans in his will?
133 BC
Who led the Sabines to Rome to recover their wives?
Titus Tatius
Who paraded Tetricus and Zenobia through the streets of Rome in his triumph?
Aurelian
What battle was the final of the 3rd Samnite War; Decius Mus’ famous charge; Egnatius loses?
Sentinum (295 BC)
Which emperor relied heavily on his freedmen as his chief advisors?
Claudius
What sack or siege occurs in 40 BC?
seige of Perugia (Perusine War), where Fulvia and L. Antonius are finally captured
What Germanic chieftain sacked Rome in 476 AD?
Odoacer
Which battle took place in 390 BC?
Allia River
Whose husband Odenaethus had been murdered despite his loyalty to Rome?
Zenobia
What book of Marcus Aurelius discussed stoic philosophy?
Meditations
What is a “corvus”?
grappling hook attached to a plank
Who was the last member of the Constantinian dynasty?
Julian the Apostate
Whose assualt on Rome was twarted by the bravery of Hortaius Cocles at the Pons Sublicius?
Lars Porsenna
In what year did the Lex Canuleia legalize marriage between patricians and plebeians?
445 BC
Who is the 4th wife of Claudius?
Agrippina the Younger
Which emperor has the nickname/title Parthicus Maximus?
Septimius Severus
Who earned the cognomen “Uticensis” for his fair administration in Utica during the Civil Wars?
Cato the Younger
On which hill did Remus choose to watch for a sign of bird flight?
Aventine
What brother of Hannibal who loses his head after Battle of Metaurus River, 207 BC?
Hasdrubal
What evil brother exiled Numitor from Alba Longa?
Amulius
Who was found hiding behind a curtain and made emperor after Caligula’s assassination?
Claudius
Who is Jugurtha’s father-in-law; hands Jugurtha over to Sulla?
Bocchus
In what year did Constantine defeat Licinius at Chrysopolis?
324 AD
In what year did the Treaty of Apamea officially end the war against Antiochus III?
188 BC
What did Archimedes say when the Romans soldiers came to kill him?
Don’t distub my circles
Which emperor ruled from 211-217 AD?
Caracalla
What Samnite general was one of Rome’s main antagonists during the Social War?
Mutilus
Which emperor reigned from 193-211 AD?
Septimius Severus
What were the years of the Third Samnite War?
298-290 BC
Which battle took place in 212 BC?
seige of Syracuse
What sack or siege occurs in 52 BC?
Alesia captured by Caesar, the last stronghold of Gaul
Which emperor reigned from 117-138?
Hadrian
What is the Cloaca Maxima?
Rome’s great sewer system
What structure in Rome was the greatest of its kind since the one built by Servius Tullius?
Aurelian’s Wall
Which battle took place in 451 AD?
Chalons/Catalaunian Plains
Who was the most famous Roman orator?
Cicero
What were the years of Marcus Aurelius’ reign?
161-180 AD
What law of 90 BC extended many rights to the Latin allies and helped end the Social War?
Lex Julia
Who are the Sons and Daughters of Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder?
Drusilla, Drusus Caesar, Nero Caesar (Not emperor), Julia Livilla, Agrippina the Younger, and Gaius Caesar (Caligula)
Which battle took place in 9 AD?
Teutoberg Forest
Which emperor was well-known for having a stutter?
Claudius
Who was the first plebeian consul?
Lucius Sextius
What battle in 190 BC was the last notable Roman naval victory over a foreign enemy?
Myonessus
Which emperor moved the official capital of the empire to Byzantium?
Constantine
Who was the last emperor to rule a united empire?
Theodosius
What novus homo from Arpinum became consul in 63 BC?
Cicero
At what battle in 268 AD did Gallienus and Claudius Gothicus defeat the Goths?
Naissus
What battle was in the 3rd Macedonian War; L. Aemilius Paullus defeats Perseus?
Carthage (146 BC)
Which emperor grow the empire to its greatest ever extent?
Trajan
Which emperor reigned from 41-54 AD?
Claudius
Why did Augustus exile his daughter Julia?
loose morals and lascivious behavior
In what year did Marius defeat the Teutones at Aquae Sextiae?
102 BC
Who married Lavinia when he reached Italty?
Aeneas
Which battle took place in 86 BC?
Chaeronea
Which emperor famously said “festina lente”?
Augustus
Which emperor ruled from 27 BC - 14 AD?
Augustus
In what year did Rome annex Macedonia as a Roman province?
148 BC
Which emperor reign from 54-68 AD?
Nero
At what event in 196 BC did Flamininus declare the freedom and independence of all the Greek states?
Isthmian Games
Which emperor ruled from 180 - 192?
Commodus
At what battle in 378 AD was the emperor Valens captured by Fritigern and the Goths?
Adrianople
Which emperor spent most of his reign at war against the Parthians, Quadi, and Marcomanni?
Marcus Aurelius
Which emperor reigned from 249-251 AD?
Decius
What does “Cynoscephalae” mean?
Dog’s Heads
Who was the father of Tarquinius Priscus?
Demaratus
Which emperor ruled from 27 BC - 14 AD?
Augustus
Which political party appealed to the interests of the Senate and aristocracy?
Optimates
Who did Sulla defeat in a struggle for supremacy in Rome?
Marius
Who captured an army of 50,000 Romans in Lusitania in 141 BC?
Viriathus
Where was Cicero executed on December 7, 43 BC?
Formiae
In what year did the Cimbri & Teutones defeat the Romans at Arausio?
105 BC
Name the 6 emperors of 238 AD.
Maximinus Thrax, Gordian I, Gordian II, Balbinus, Pupienus, Gordian III
Which emperor ruled from 270 - 275?
Aurelian
What last stronghold of Spanish resistance did the Romans capture in 133 BC?
Numantia
What bundle of rods with an axe symbolized the imperium (power) of the king?
Fasces
What kind of Carthaginian ship did the Romans first model their navy on?
quinquereme
In what year did the Romans besiege Messana?
264 BC
What mistress of Commodus was part of the successful plot against his life?
Marcia
Which battle took place in 321 BC?
Caudine Forks
Which emperor ruled from 96 - 98?
Nerva
What did Scipio Aemilianus do to ensure Carthage would never be able to grow crops again?
salted the fields
What daughter of King Latinus did Aeneas marry in Italy?
Lavinia
In what year did Scipio Africanus defeat Hannibal at Zama?
202 BC
What is another term for the empire?
principate
What symbolic name of the Romans was derived from the name Quirinus?
Quirites
What structure in Britain marked Roman territory north of Hadrian’s Wall?
Antonine Wall
What sack or siege occurs in 455 AD?
Rome is sacked by Gaiseric leading Vandals
What were the years of Julian the Apostate’s reign?
363-364 AD
What were the years of Geta’s reign?
211-212 AD
Which emperor was murdered along with his mother Julia Mamaea by the Praetorian Guard?
Severus Alexander
What ruler of Pontus fought three wars intending to overthrow Roman influence in the Eastern Mediterranean?
Mithridates VI
What does “qualis artifex pereo” mean?
what an artist dies in me
Who is the Paternal uncle of Claudius?
Tiberius
From 146-141 BC who led an army of Lusitanians in resistance to the Romans?
Viriathus
In what year did Alaric sack Rome?
410 AD
What son of Anchises and Venus was a great Trojan warrior?
Aeneas
Which emperor was married to Sabina?
Hadrian
What province is Trajan best known for conquering?
Dacia
How long did it take for Cincinnatus to defeat the Aequi?
16 days
What Gothic chieftain capture Valens at Adrianiople?
Fritigern
What river in Spain did Carthage cross to attack Saguntum?
Ebro River
What third wife of Claudius was executed for marrying another man and conspiring against him?
Messalina
What did the Romans call the commoners?
plebeians
What Roman was captured after the Bagradas Valley?
Regulus
What poisonous food was said to have killed Claudius?
mushrooms
Which battle took place in 280 BC?
Heraclea
Who committed suicide rather than being pardoned by Caesar after he was defeated at Thapsus?
Cato the Younger
What are the Spolia Opima?
“richest spoils” won by a general who defeated the opposing general in single combat
Which king of Rome made religious reforms including the Flamines and the establishment of the Cult of Vesta in Rome?
Numa Pompilius
Name both Gracchi brothers?
Tiberius & Gaius Gracchus
What were the years of Valens’ reign?
364-378 AD
Who is the Only son of Tiberius?
Drusus the Younger
Who was Augustus’ second wife?
Livia
In what year did Marcellus die leaving Augustus with no male hier?
23 BC
At what battle in 241 BC did the Romans defeat the Carthaginians and end the First Punic War?
Aegates Islands
Which king was deified as the god Quirinus after his death?
Romulus
Who led the mob which killed Tiberius Gracchus?
Scipio Nasica
What Roman, noted for his austerity and refusal to accept bribes, was the most famous to oppose Pyrrhus?
Fabricius
Who was the first emperor to be deified after his death?
Augustus
What was the major effect of the Sexto-Licinian Law?
at least one consul had to be plebeian
In what year did Marius hold his first consulship?
107 BC
Which battle took place in 219 BC?
seige of Saguntum
Which battle took place in 256 BC?
Cape Ecnomus
Which emperor was the son of Valerian?
Gallienus
What is the Ara Pacis?
Altar of Peace
Who famously said “Caesar’s wife must be above suspicion”?
Caesar
Who was Sulla’s leading general?
Pompey
Who are the wives of Augustus?
Scribonia, Livia
What famous road and aqueduct did Appius Claudius build when he was censor?
Via Appia & Aqua Appia
Whose 5 children included Gaius & Lucius Caesar, and Agrippina the Elder?
Julia & Agrippa
Who built a temple for Castor & Pollux after the Lake Regillus?
Postumius
Whose rebellion was put down by Verginius Rufus in 68 AD?
Vindex
Which emperor ruled from 79 - 81?
Titus
Which political party was Caesar a member of?
Populares
At what batttle in 9 AD were three Roman legions led by Varus completely destroyed by Arminius and the Germans?
Teutoberg Forest
What tribune of 91 BC was killed for trying to promote citizenship for the Latin allies?
Livius Drusus the Younger
Who outbid Sulpicianus to purchase the imperial throne in 193 AD?
Didius Julianus
What war did the Romans fight from 149-148 BC?
Fourth Macedonian War
Who was the victorious Roman general at the Cynoscephalae?
Flamininus
What daughter of Claudius did Nero marry?
Octavia
What Roman noble was expelled from Rome and came back leading an army of Volscians?
Coriolanus
What were the years of the Jugurthine War?
111-104 BC
Who defeated the Teutones at Aquae Sextiae in 102 BC?
Marius
What unique power did tribunes have?
power to veto legislation
Which emperor reigned from 37-41 AD?
Caligula
What Roman admiral won Rome’s first major naval battle at Mylae in 260 BC?
Duilius
What deified name was given to Romulus after his death?
Quirinus
Who is the wife of Domitian?
Domitia
Who was the wife of Tarquinnius Priscus?
Tanaquil
What sack or siege occurs in 390 BC?
Rome is sacked by Brennus, the Senonian chieftain (Vae victis!)
What sister-in-law of Tiberius had revealled the crimes of Sejanus to him?
Antonia
Which battle took place in 197 BC?
Cynoscephalae
What son of Tarquinius Superbus abused royal power by taking advantage of Lucretia, the wife of Collatinus?
Sextus Tarquinius
Who is the Mother of Marcellus?
Octavia Minor
What slave in a Capua gladiatorial school led a slave revolt against Rome from 73-71 BC?
Spartacus
Where and when does Marcus Aurelius die?
Vindobona (Vienna) (180 AD)
Who is defeated by Aetius and Visigoth allies at Chalons in 451 AD?
Attila the Hun
Which Tetrarch was the father of Constantine?
Constantius Chlorus
What was Quintus Fabius Maximus’ strategy against Hannibal?
stay close and harass him but avoid all out battle
From what island did Tiberius rule for the last ten years of his reign?
Capri
Which king was reported to have a water nymph named Egeria as his consort?
Numa Pompilius
Who was the only emperor to make it past 69 AD?
Vespasian
Which emperor was called “Resitutor Orbis” for defeating Tetricus?
Aurelian
What subordinate of Sertorius assassinated him?
Perperna
What battle did Mummius’ seige mark final Roman conquest of Greece?
Numantia (133 BC)
What did the Romans call the aristocrats?
patricians
Which battle took place in 101 BC?
Vercellae
Which battle took place in 31 BC?
Actium
At what battle in 101 BC did Marius defeat the Cimbri?
Vercellae
What does “oderint dum probent” mean?
let the hate so long as they approve
Which emperor was the father of Titus & Domitian?
Vespasian
What sack or siege occurs in 219 BC?
Hannibal captures Saguntum, igniting 2nd Punic War
Which author did Augustus exile for his scandalous poetry?
Ovid
What woman revealed the crimes of Sejanus to Tiberius?
Antonia
What Lusitanian chief led 144BC revolt but killed by traitors; Caepio arranged assassination?
Viriathus
What is the alternate name for the Colosseum?
Flavian Amphitheater
Who were the twin sons of Rhea Silvia and Mars?
Romulus & Remus
Who is the 3rd wife of Julius Caesar?
Calpurnia
Which emperor has the nickname/title Restitutor orbis?
Aurelian (‘restorer of the world’)
What Roman held his right hand in a fire to show Lars Porsenna the resolve of the Roman people?
Mucius Scaevola
What were the years of the Third Punic “War”?
149-146 BC
Who was Pyrrhus’ ambassador?
Cineas
Which emperor put down the rebellion of Lusius Quietus, the moorish cavalry commander?
Hadrian
What where the years of Constantine’s reign?
306-337 AD
In what year did the Samnites defeat the Romans at the Caudine Forks and force them to walk under the yoke?
321 BC
What Samnite leader in Social War?
Mutilus
How did the last survivor of the Horatii defeat the three Curiatii?
pretended to run away then turned around and killed them one by one
Who defeated the Romans at the Allia River in 390 BC?
Brennus
Which emperor reigned from 284-305 AD?
Diocletian
Who is the Son of Claudius and Messalina?
Britannicus
Which battle took place in 146 BC?
sack of Corinth
Which emperor ruled from 54 - 68?
Nero
What two generals were horribly defeated by Hannibal at Cannae in 216 BC?
Paulus & Varro
How many times did Marius serve as consul?
7
What Roman general was victorious at the Lake Regillus?
Postumius
What farmer was called from his plow to be dictator during an invasion of Aequi?
Cincinnatus
Who bequeathed his kingdom of Pergamum to the Romans in 133 BC?
Attalus III
Who is the wife of Septimius Severus?
Julia Domna (whose sister Julia Maesa was Elagabalus’ grandmother)
What tribune of 100 BC, who supported Marius, was pelted to death with roof tiles from the Curia?
Saturninus
What does “Superbus” mean?
Proud
After Rome’s early catastrophic defeats to Hannibal who was made dictator?
Quintus Fabius Maximus Cunctator
What king welcomed Aeneas to Italy?
Latinus
What treaty of 188 BC ended the war against Antiochus III?
Treaty of Apamea
Who led a rebellion against Gallienus at Mediolanum?
Aureolus
Who warned Tiberius of Sejanus’ plot?
Antonia minor
What is a proscription list?
a list of enemies to be executed without trial
What rival did Constantine defeat at Chrysopolis to become sole ruler?
Licinius
Which battle took place in 202 BC?
Zama
Who shared the throne with Marcus Aurelius from 161-169 AD?
Lucius Verus
What battle was in the 2nd Macedonian War; ““Dog’s heads””; Flamininus defeats Philip V?
Pydna (168 BC)
Which emperor reigned from 363-364 AD?
Julian the Apostate
On what road did Tullia ride over her father’s body with a chariot?
Via Scelerata
What did Domitian like to be called?
dominus et deus
To what city was the Via Appia eventually extended?
Brundisium
Which emperor exiled the poet Ovid for scandalous poetry?
Augustus
Who was the seventh king of Rome?
Tarquinius Superbus
What tribune had Cicero exiled for executing the Catilinarian conspirators without a trial?
Clodius Pulcher
What biological son of Marcus Aurelius succeeded him as emperor?
Commodus
What did Cineas call the Roman senate?
an assembly of kings
Who leads Gauls against Caesar, but is defeated at Alesia in 52 BC?
Vercingetorix
Why did Aeneas leave Dido?
his destiny called him to Italy
Which emperor ruled from 475-476 AD in the West?
Romulus Augustulus
Who was the first Roman general ever to lead a Roman army to occupy Rome itself?
Sulla
In what year did Pertinax suceed Commodus and rule briefly?
193 AD
How did Cloelia escape from Lars Porsenna?
swam across the Tiber (or rode on horseback)
Who was the first wife of Augustus?
Scribonia
What horse did Caligula name a senator?
Incitatus
In what year did Hannibal defeat Sempronius Longus at the Trebia River?
218 BC
What city hired Pyrrhus to fight the Romans?
Tarentum
Who assassinates Commodus; was his wrestling partner?
Narcissus
What were the years of Honorius’ reign in the West?
395-423 AD
Who is the 3rd Wife of Claudius?
Valeria Messalina
Which emperor ruled from 14 - 37?
Tiberius
What water nymph was reported to have been the consort of Numa Pompilius?
Egeria
What two Gallic tribes defeated a Roman army at Arausio in 105 BC?
Cimbri & Teutones
What Persian king who captures Valerian, but is later defeated by Valerian’s son Gallienus?
Shapur
What law gives Pompey 3-year command against the pirates; he needs 3 months?
Lex Gabinia (67 BC)
What tribune of 123 BC was re-elected before he was killed for proposing radical legislation?
Gaius Gracchus
Who were the parents of Britannicus?
Claudius & Messalina
What Numidian chieftain who leads namesake war (111-104 BC); captured by Sulla?
Jugurtha
Which battle took place in 102 BC?
Aquae Sextiae
Who murdered Clodius Pulcher in 52 BC?
Milo
At what battle in 168 BC did the Roman general Aemilius Paullus defeat Perseus of Macedon?
Pydna
Which king completed the Cloaca Maxima, Rome’s great sewer?
Tarquinius Superbus
What is the alternate name of the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus?
Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus
Who is the wife of Antoninus Pius?
Faustina the Elder
Which battle took place in 46 BC?
Thapsus
Who is the First husband of Poppaea Sabina?
Otho
Who defeated the Cimbri at Vercellae in 101 BC?
Marius
Who pretends to be son of Perseus and leads Macedon into 4th Macedonian War?
Andriscus
How many vultures did Romulus see flying overhead as a sign he should rule the city?
12
What novus homo was born at Arpinum in 106 BC?
Cicero
In what year did the Romans defeat Antiochus III at Myonessus?
190 BC
What tribune was killed in 132 BC for seeking re-election?
Tiberius Gracchus
What distant 8th hill across the Tiber did Ancus Marcius add to the city?
Janiculum
During what war did Mutilus lead the Samnites against the Romans?
Social War
What law forbade enslavement for debt?
Lex Poetelia Papiria (326 BC)
What war was fought over a disputue at Neapolis from 327-303 BC?
Second Samnite War
Who was the mother of Severus Alexander?
Julia Mamaea
What sign of complete surrender did the Samnites force upon the Romans after the Caudine Forks?
walk under the yoke
Which two men over threw the Tarquins and became the first consuls of the Republic?
Collatinus & Lucius Junius Brutus
What great sewer did Tarquinius Superbus complete?
Cloaca Maxima
What was the ancient name of Portugal?
Lusitania
In what two years did Pompey and Crassus share the consulship?
70 BC & 55 BC
When was a dictator appointed?
when one or both consuls were killed
What novus homo ended all of his speeches with the line “Carthago delenda est”?
Cato the Elder
Who recovered the standards lost by Varus in the Teuroberg Forest?
Germanicus
Which emperor ruled from 193 - 211?
Septimius Severus
Why did the Mamertines appeal to Rome for help?
to make Carthage leave Messana
What type of tree did Lucullus bring from the East to Italy?
cherry tree
Why did the Sibyl burn 6 of the original Sibylline Books of prophecy?
Tarquinius Superbus refused to pay the price (twice)
Which battle took place in 426 BC?
Fidenae
What is a Senatus Consultum Ultimum?
supreme decree of the Senate
What treaty from 226 BC did the Carthaginians break by attacking Saguntum?
Ebro River Treaty
What war began when Carthage crossed the Ebro River in Spain to attack Saguntum?
Second Punic War
What woman did Sextus Tarquinius take advantage of?
Lucretia
Which emperor was murdered by his butler Stephanus?
Domitian
Which battle took place in 496 BC?
Lake Regillus
In what year did the Romans defeat the Latins at the Lake Regillus?
496 BC
What Queen of Palmyra, conquered by Aurelian; wife of Odenaethus, mother of Vaballathus?
Zenobia
Who reportedly wept after salting the Carthaginian land because he recognized a similar fate for Rome one day?
Scipio Aemilianus
Who is Livia’s husband before Octavian?
Tiberius Claudius Nero
Who led a rebellion with her infant son Vaballathus against Aurelian?
Zenobia
At what city did Titus put down a Jewish rebellion during his father’s reign?
Jerusalem
Who was the third and final Roman to win the Spolia Opima?
Marcellus
What battle did Caesar defeat Pompey, his greatest rival?
Philippi (42 BC)
Who is the Brother of Antonia Minor?
Marcellus
In what year was Appius Claudius Caecus censor?
312 BC
What were the years of Diocletian’s reign?
284-305 AD
Which emperor was strangled in his bath?
Commodus
Who put down the rebellion of Spartacus?
Crassus
Which emperor put down the rebellion of Zenobia in the East?
Aurelian
What is the term for a victory which costs more than it is worth?
Pyrrhic Victory
In what year did Marius die during his seventh consulship?
86 BC
What war did the Romans fight from 91-88 BC?
Social War
At what battle in 218 BC did Hannibal defeat Sempronius Longus and the Romans?
Trebia River
Who was the son of Agrippina the Elder and Germanicus?
Caligula
What Roman general was responsible for the disastrous defeat at the Teutoberg Forest?
Quinctilius Varus
How did the Colosseum receive its name?
Colossus statue of Nero in front
What title did Aurelian earn for defeating Tetricus?
Restitutor Orbis
Which battle took place in 216 BC?
Cannae
What Persian king captured Valerian at Edessa in 260 AD?
Shapur
Which battle took place in 52 BC?
Gergovia
Where did Theodosius massacre a crowd to avenge the murder of his general?
Thessalonica
What Sicilian city did Marcellus capture in 212 BC?
Syracuse
Which decemvir abused his power by trying to take advantage of the maiden Verginia?
Appius Claudius
What city did Constantine make the capital of the empire?
Byzantium
What ambassador of Pyrrhus called the Roman senate an “assembly of kings”?
Cineas
Who is the Paternal aunt of Claudius in (1 A.D.)?
Julia the Elder
How did Hannibal defeat the Romans at Cannae?
drew the Romans into the center and surrounded them
What son of Claudius did Nero kill to secure his ascension to the imperial throne?
Britannicus
What governor of Syria revolted during Marcus Aurelius’ reign?
Avidius Cassius
In what two ways did Romulus expand Rome’s population?
(1) offering asylum to outlaws on the Capitoline & (2) rape of the Sabine women
Which king established a 12 month lunar calendar in place of a 10 month one?
Numa Pompilius
Whose rape led Brutus and Collatinus to overthrow the Tarquins?
Lucretia
What statesman routinely opposed Julius Caesar and fought for the death penalty for Catiline and his co-conspirators?
Cato the Younger
Who is the Father of Octavian?
Gaius Octavius
Who attempts to assassinate Lars Porsenna, but is captured?
Mucius Scaevola
Which emperor ruled from 37 - 41?
Caligula
Which emperor died of plague in 270 AD?
Claudius Gothicus
What daughter of Servius Tullius married Tarquinius Superbus?
Tullia
Who captured the Spanish town of Numantia in 133 BC?
Scipio Aemilianus
What does “Cunctator” mean?
The Delayer
Why did Sulla lead an army to occupy Rome?
to make sure command against Mithridates VI was not transferred to Marius
Who was the first Christian emperor?
Constantine
Who committed a devotio at Sentinum which spurred the Romans on to victory?
Decius Mus
Who fell in love with the Carthaginian queen Dido after he left Troy?
Aeneas
What was Hersilia’s deified name?
Hora
Which emperor ruled with his brother from 211-212 AD?
Geta
What battle was the final of the 1st Punic War; Lutatius Catulus wins naval victory?
Zama (202 BC)
Which emperor was known as “the Apostate” because he tried to restore Pagan worship?
Julian the Apostate
What does closing the doors of the Temple of Janus signify?
peace
What queen of Palmyra revolted against Aurelian?
Zenobia
What were the years of Commodus’ reign?
180-192 AD
Which battle took place in 53 BC?
Carrhae
What adopted grandson of Scipio Africanus destroyed Carthage in 146 BC?
Scipio Aemilianus
What nephew of Tiberius was the father of Caligula?
Germanicus
What bronze tablets of Roman law were inscribed in 450 BC and posted in the Forum for all to see?
Twelve Tables
Which battle took place in 82 BC?
Colline Gate (Sulla)
What were the years of the Second Macedonian War?
200-196 BC
What were the years of Vespasian’s reign?
69-79 AD
What Syracusan engineer attempted to defend the city from the Romans?
Archimedes
Who crucified 6000 slaves along the Via Appia after the rebellion of Spartacus?
Pompey
At what battle in 295 BC did Decius Mus spur the Romans to victory by commiting a devotio?
Sentinum
Which emperor has the nickname/title Hercules Romanus?
Commodus
In what year did Pyrrhus earn a costly victory over the Romans at Heraclea?
280 BC
What did Titus Tatius lead a group of Sabines to Rome?
to recover their wives
What Roman statesman was known for his stern manner, high moral standards, and love of cabbage?
Cato the Elder
Which battle took place in 70 AD?
Jerusalem
What were the years of the Julio-Claudian dynasty?
27 BC - 68 AD
What were the years of the Flavian Dynasty?
69-96 AD
Who is the Husband of Octavia?
Nero
In what year did the Roman empire begin?
27 BC
Which member of the praetorian guard assassinated Caligula?
Cassius Chaerea
Which Roman became consul an unprecedented 7 times?
Marius
Who assassinates Caligula?
Cassius Chaerea
Which emperor died at Vindobona in 180 AD?
Marcus Aurelius
What religion did Constantine make the official religion of the empire?
Christianity
What is the modern day name of Vindobona?
Vienna
Augustus recovered the legionary standards lost by which triumvir at Carrhae in 53 BC?
Crassus
Who saved his father in battle at the Ticinus River in 218 BC?
Scipio Africanus
In what year did Augustus receive imperium from the Senate?
27 BC
Which emperor reportedly said “I found Rome a city of brick, and left it a city of marble”?
Augustus
What small town was Marius from?
Arpinum
In what year did Pyrrhus defeat the Romans at Asculum but at a high cost?
279 BC
What king of Pergamum appealed to Rome for help against Philip V in 200 BC?
Attalus I
In what year did Cicero become consul?
63 BC
Who was the wife of Hadrian?
Sabina
In what battle is Rome’s worst defeat yet; 70,000 Romans under Paullus and Varro die?
Cannae (216 BC)
Which emperor ruled from 98 - 117?
Trajan
Which emperor reigned from 270-275 AD?
Aurelian
Which battle took place in 378 AD?
Adrianople
Which emperor was killed at the First Battle of Cremona in 69 AD?
Otho
What emperor attended lectures on Plotinus with his wife Salonina?
Gallienus
What law of 287 BC removed the restriction that plebian laws be approved by the Comitia Centuriata?
Lex Hortensia
Which emperor changed the name of Rome to Colonia Commodiana?
Commodus
Who are the Parents of Agrippina the Younger?
Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder
What were the years of Nero’s reign?
54-68 AD
Which emperor reigned from 253-260 AD?
Valerian
What settlement did Ancus Marcius establish where the Tiber meets the Mediterranean?
Ostia
What city in Spain is named after Hamilcar Barca?
Barcelona
What were the years of Gordian III’s reign?
238-244 AD
What refugee did Antiochus III use as an advisor and admiral, albeit ineffective?
Hannibal
In what battle in the 2nd Samnite War; Pontius sends Roman army under yoke?
Caudine Forks (321 BC)
What war did the Romans fight from 218-202 BC?
Second Punic War
At what battle did Claudius Gothicus earn his cognomen for defeating the Goths?
Naissus
What were the years of Gallienus’ reign?
253-268 AD
Whose Numidian cavalry assisted Scipio Africanus in defeating Hannibal at Zama in 202 BC?
Massinissa
What bridge across the Tiber connected the Janiculum hill to Rome?
Pons Sublicius
What cities were buried by the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius?
Pompeii & Herculaneum
What river runs through Rome?
Tiber River
Why did Romulus kill Remus when they argued about who should rule the city?
Remus jumped over his sacred boundary
In what year was Carthage completely destroyed?
146 BC
Which emperor of 69 Ad captured Rome through his general Antonius Primus?
Vespasian
In what year was Valens captured by the Goths at Adrianople?
378 AD
What happened to Tarpeia’s body after she was killed by the Sabines?
thrown from the “Tarpeian” rock
What were the years of Claudius Gothicus’ reign?
268-270 AD
Who was the first emperor to abdicate from power and retire?
Diocletian
What were the years of Caligula’s reign?
37-41 AD
What veteran of Marius fled to Spain and led a resistance agaunst the Sullan government from 82-73 BC?
Sertorius
What Roman woman escaped from Lars Porsenna by swimming across the Tiber?
Cloelia
Which battle took place in 40 BC?
Perusia (Perusine War)
What Macedonian king who fights Rome in 1st and 2nd Macedonian Wars?
Philip V
What king of Macedon allied with Hannibal and attacked Rome in 215 BC?
Philip V
Who is the Brother in law of Cn. Domitius Ahenobarbus (Name one)?
Gaius Caesar (Caligula)/ Nero Caesar/ Drusus Caesar
What war began when Attalus I of Pergamum appealed to Rome for help against Philip V of Macedon?
Second Macedonian War
Who saw twelve vultures flying overhead and believed he should rule the city?
Romulus
How many children did Agrippa and Julia have?
5
Name the wife and mother of Coriolanus who persuaded him to turn back from his assault.
Veturia (mother) & Volumnia (wife)
Which law made plebiscite (laws passed by the Concilium Plebis) legally binding?
Lex Canuleia
After Marcellus died, who did Julia marry?
Agrippa
Which emperor ruled from 306 - 337?
Constantine
In what year did Titus complete the construction of the Colosseum?
80 AD
Which emperor granted citizenship to all free inhabitants of the Roman empire in 212 AD?
Caracalla
Where did Marcus Aurelius die in 180 AD?
Vindobona
At what battle in 255 BC did the Spartan mercenary Xanthippus help the Carthaginians defeat and capture Regulus?
Bagradas Valley
What Roman, the wealthiest of his day, joined Pompey and Caesar in the First Triumvirate?
Crassus
Which battle took place in 146 BC?
sack of Carthage
What sack or siege occurs in 410 AD?
Rome is sacked by Alaric leading Visigoths
Who did the Mamertines appeal to for help against the Syracusans?
Carthage
In what year did Flamininus declare freedom and independence for all the Greek states at the Isthmian Games?
196 BC
Which consul died in battle at Cannae in 216 BC?
Aemilius Paulus
Which emperor reigned from 268-270 AD?
Claudius Gothicus
Where and when does Pompey die?
Egypt (48 BC)
Who were the famous sons of Cornelia whom she called her “jewels”?
Tiberius & Gaius Gracchus
How did the Romans combat Pyrrhus’ elephants?
used fiery missles to scare them
Who adopted a delaying strategy and avoided all out battle with Hannibal when he was appointed dictator?
Quintus Fabius Maximus Cunctator
What tribe’s invasion force the Romans to appoint the farmer Cincinnatus as dictator?
Aequi
Who executed his wife Messalina for marrying another man and conspiring against him?
Claudius
Which emperor said on his deathbed “vae, puto, deus fio”?
Vespasian
What Etruscan king tried to capture Rome at the beginning of the Republic?
Lars Porsenna
What bridge did Horatius Cocles single-handedly defend from the assault of Lars Porsenna?
Pons Sublicius
Who is the Third wife of Octavian?
Livia
Which triumvir was killed fighting the the Parthians at Carrhae in 53 BC?
Crassus
Where did Rome earn its last notable naval victory over a foreign enemy in 190 BC?
Myonessus
What war did the Romans fight from 298-290 BC?
Third Samnite War
What sack or siege occurs in 211 BC?
Syracuse is captured by Marcellus (Archimedes: Don’t disturb my circles!)
In what year were there four emperors?
69 AD
When Amulius exposed the infants Romulus & Remus in the wilderness, what creature saved them?
a she-wolf
Which emperor thought of himself as a reincarnation of Hercules?
Commodus
In what year did the Roman general Glabrio defeat Antiochus III at Thermopylae?
191 BC
What Spartan mercenary hired by Carthage during 1st Punic War?
Xanthippus
Which emperor’s last words were “go to the rising sun, my sun is setting”?
Marcus Aurelius
Which emperor reigned from 364-378 AD?
Valens
What words did Constantine reportedly see in a cross before the battle of Milvian Bridge?
in hoc signo vinces
Who was exiled from Alba Long by his evil brother Amulius
Numitor
Who swam in his armor back to Rome after defending the Pons Sublicius from Lars Porsenna?
Horatius Cocles
How many slaves did Pompey crucify along the Via Appia after the rebellion of Spartacus?
6000
Which emperor was the last person buried in the Mausoleum of Augustus?
Nerva
Which battle took place in 275 BC?
Beneventum
Who was the famous father of Cornelia, the mother of the Gracchi?
Scipio Africanus
What were the years of Romulus Augustulus’ reign?
475-476 AD
What law was passed in 445 BC which legalized marriage between patricians and plebeians?
Lex Canuleia
What colony did Gaius Gracchus propose establishing on the site of Carthage?
Iunonia
Who reportedly shouted “Varus give me back my legions” after the disaster at Teutoberg Forest?
Augustus
On which hill did Romulus choose to watch for a sign of bird flight?
Palatine
How did Mucius Scaevola earn his cognomen?
held his left hand in a fire to show Lars Porsenna the Romans would not surrender
What warrior king destroyed Alba Longa?
Tullus Hostilius
In what year did Augustus dedicate the Ara Pacis in Rome?
9 BC
Who, known as Gaius Marcius, leads Volscians against Rome until Veturia and Volumnia stop him?
Coriolanus
In what battle in the 2nd Samnite War; Roman army under Fabius Rullianus nearly destroyed?
Lautulae (315 BC)
Who placed Cicero first on his proscription list when the Second Triumvirate was formed?
Marc Antony
Who were the parents of Aeneas?
Anchises & Venus
In what year did the Rome win its first major naval battle at Mylae?
260 BC
What were the years of Claudius’ reign?
41-54 AD
Who rebelled against Nero in 68 AD?
Vindex
Which emperor has the nickname/title Caligula?
Gaius (‘little boot’)
Which political office had the power to veto legislation?
tribune
What position was given to Junius Brutus and Collatinus at the start of the Republic?
consuls
Which emperor ruled from 69 - 79?
Vespasian
Which emperor eventually left Rome to rule from his palace on the island of Capri?
Tiberius
What is the modern day name of Mediolanum?
Milan
What King of Armenia who is defeated by Lucullus in 69 BC?
Tigranes
