History Flashcards
cartography
The art and science of mapmaking
caravel
A light sailing ship that is easy to maneuver and can sail in shallow water
monarchy
A form of government with one person in charge. It is passed down to the heir.
lateen sails
A triangular sail on a long yard at an angle of 45° to the mast.
astrolabe
An instrument used to make astronomical measurement in navigation for calculating latitude
compass
An instrument with a magnetized pointer which shows the direction of magnetic north and directions from it.
capitalism
an economic system based on investment of money (capital) for profit
Example: King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
market economy
an economy in which prices are determined by the buying and selling decisions of individuals in the marketplace
Example: Law of supply and demand
cottage industry
a small scale business in which people work mostly at home
Example: Mom and Pop business
mercantilism
an economic policy by which nations try to gather as much gold and silver as possible by controlling trade and establishing colonies
Example: gold and silver: Spain and Portugal
: colonization: England
capitalism
an economic and political system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit.
market economy
A market economy is an economic system where two forces, known as supply and demand, direct the production of goods and services. Market economies are not controlled by a central authority (like a government) and are instead based on voluntary exchange.
cottage industry,
a business or manufacturing activity carried on in a person’s home.
mercantilism
the economic theory that trade generates wealth and is stimulated by the accumulation of profitable balances, which a government should encourage by means of protectionism.
cartography
the science or practice of drawing maps.
