History Flashcards
The Slave Trade:
What was transported from Europe to West Africa?
Metal goods (guns etc.)
The Slave Trade:
What was transported from West Africa to North America/West Indies?
Enslaved People
The Slave Trade:
What was transported from North America/West Indies to Europe?
Sugar, tobacco, cotton.
The Slave Trade:
What is slavery?
Slavery is when a human is owned by another person. That slave is classified as property to be bought and sold while working for nothing
The Slave Trade:
What was the Transatlantic Slave Trade?
It involved the capturing selling and buying of slaves that were kept in horrible conditions and forced to work for nothing.
The Slave Trade:
What were the three main reasons why the slave trade took place?
Beliefs and values, money, and religion.
The Slave Trade:
What beliefs and values meant that the slave trade took place?
It wasn’t against the law.
Some people thought that slavery made africans happier.
Slave owners thought they were superior to the slaves and thought of the slaves as animals.
Some people believed black people were lazy and needed controlling.
The Slave Trade:
Why did money mean that the slave trade took place?
Slaves could be sold for hundreds of pounds each.
Plantation owners made lots of money because the slaves worked for nothing.
The sugar trade made 2 million pounds per year!
The Slave Trade:
Why did religion mean that the slave trade took place?
Some people believed that God made white people the supreme race.
Some people thought that God approved of slavery.
There were slaves in the bible so people thought that made it ok.
The Slave Trade:
What were four main reasons why the slave trade was abolished?
Political reasons, beliefs, media and key individuals.
The Slave Trade:
What political reasons meant that the slave trade was abolished?
Slavery became legally unacceptable.
Law courts became more sympathetic.
The Slave Trade:
Why did beliefs mean that the slave trade was abolished?
Slaves said Europeans had no right to take them away from their families.
Some religious groups thought that slavery was a sin against God (such as the Quakers).
Slave rebellions slowly changed attitudes.
The Slave Trade:
Why did media mean that the slave trade was abolished?
Many people wrote about the horrors of slavery.
The Society for the Abolition of the Slave Trade was set up.
The Slave Trade:
What key individuals meant that the slave trade was abolished?
Josiah Wedgewood.
Thomas Clarkson.
William Wilberforce.
Olaudah Equiano.
The Industrial Revolution:
What were the 6 main changes in the Industrial Revolution?
Society, Science + technology, Industry, Agriculture, Transport and Cities
The Industrial Revolution:
What happened in cities during the Industrial Revolution?
Hundreds of families moved from the countryside to the cities into small cramped houses and the skyline became dominated with large chimneys, soot and smoke polluting the air.
The Industrial Revolution:
What happened to transport during the Industrial Revolution?
Roads, canals and railways were built.
The Industrial Revolution:
What happened with science + technology during the Industrial Revolution?
The battery was invented and a cure for small pox was created.
The Industrial Revolution:
What happened to society during the Industrial Revolution?
Woman and children began to work in factories. Factory owners became super rich and began challenging the Lords for power.
The Industrial Revolution:
What were the dangers and problems that child workers faced?
Long days - they would work for 16 hours with little breaks.
Lots of accidents with sharp tools and arms getting trapped in machinery.
Cruel whipping and beating for things such as being late.
Physical growth was affected because they were cooped up all day with little exercise.
Loud clattering that drove men mad.
Dirt eaten with horrible food and made children sick.
The British Empire:
What does EMPIRE mean?
A set of land or regions that is ruled by an emperor.
The British Empire:
What does COLONY mean?
A country that is under the control of another country - part of an empire.
The British Empire:
What does IMPERIALISM mean?
Expanding one’s territory by taking over other countries and making them your colonies.
The British Empire:
What are the main reasons why the British Empire happened?
Power, Money, Religion, Exploration, Education, Jobs, Military, Trade.
The British Empire:
Where were some colonies in the British Empire?
1/4 of the world at one point: Kenya, India, Jamaica, Australia, Egypt, etc.
The British Empire:
What was the East India Company?
An english company formed in order to trade with East Asia and India. It eventually grew to have its own army of Indians, called Sepoys.
The British Empire:
What was the Indian Mutiny and why did it happen?
The Indian mutiny started when the Sepoys refused to use the new Lee-Enfield rifles because Muslims and Hindus were forced to go against their religions by using the rifles.
The rebellion was soon stopped by British soldiers sent over from India, and punishments were given (death).
The British Empire:
What were the positive effects of the British Empire?
Built roads, schools, hospitals and railways.
Tea was brought from china to India and from Hong Kong.
Hong Kong gained lots of money from the British.
David Livingston went to Africa to try and abolish slavery and didn’t give up for 2 years.
English language was spoken throughout the world - good for trade.
The British introduced democracy for some countries
Society was set up in 3 big countries helping Britain win WWII.
The British Empire:
What were the negative effects of the British Empire?
Colonies suffered discrimination and prejudice, land was lost and were exploited for raw materials.
The British gave Hong Kong drugs and poison, and millions of citizens turned into drug addicts all because the British wanted money and tea.
The British also started the opium war with Hong Kong and Hong Kong had no choice but to surrender.
We took all of India’s money so that we developed but India couldn’t.
The British did not pay attention to the welfare of the people.
The British Empire:
What were the main reasons why the British Empire ended?
War - After WWI but especially WWII, colonies started to wonder why they were fighting fro someone else’s freedom and independence when they didn’t have their own. Also Britain lost a lot of money resources and power after the wars, so they weren’t able to prevent rebellions
Attitude - the wars changed people’s attitudes towards the empire, and the empire could no longer be justified
So DECOLONISATION happened.
