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Canadian Citizenship > History > Flashcards

History Flashcards

1
Q

What is Canada’s Government type?

A

Constitutional Monarchy (only one in North America)

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2
Q

What is the British North America Act

A

Canada’s original constitution document in 1867

Commitment to Peace, Order and Good Government

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3
Q

What did poets and songwriters call Canada?

A

The Great Dominion

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4
Q

Three founding Peoples of Canada?

A

British, French and Aboroginal

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5
Q

How were Territorial rights first guaranteed?

A

Through the Royal Proclamation of 1763 by King George 3rd

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6
Q

Residential schools facts

A

From the 1800s till 1980s

Schools were poorly funded and inflicted hardship on students

Aboriginal languages cultural practices were prohibited

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7
Q

When did Ottawa formally apologize to former students of residential schools?

A

2008

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8
Q

Three groups that makes up the Aboriginal People?

A

Indian, Inuit and Metis

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9
Q

Who are the Indians?

A

People who are not Inuit or Metis

Also known as First Nation, term used in 1970s

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10
Q

Who is John Buchan

A

Former Governor General of Canada (1935-40) that promoted diversity

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11
Q

Who are the Inuit?

A

They speak Inukitut language

Live in communities across the arctic

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12
Q

Who are the Metis?

A

Mix of Aboriginal and European ancestry

Live in the Prairie Provinces

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13
Q

Breakdown of Aboriginal People

A

65% first nation

30% Metis

4% Inuit

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14
Q

Breakdown of Aboriginal People

A

65% first nation

30% Metis

4% Inuit

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15
Q

Canada’s official languages

A

English and French

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16
Q

Number of Anglophones today

A

18 million

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17
Q

Number of Francophones

A

7 million

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18
Q

What is the only officially bilingual province

A

New Brunswick

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19
Q

Who are the Arcadians?

A

descendants of French colonists who began settling in the Maritime in 1604

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20
Q

What is the Great Upheaval?

A

War between France and Britain where more than 2/3 of Arcadians were deported from their homeland

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21
Q

Who are the Quebecers?

A

Descendants of French settlers

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22
Q

When did the House of Commons recognize that Quebecious form a nation within a united Canada

A

2006

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23
Q

How was the basic way of life in English-speaking areas established

A

Irish, Welsh, Scottish and English settlers, soldiers and migrants

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24
Q

What are Anglophones referred to

A

English Canadians

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25
Q

Second most-spoken language at home in Canada

A

Chinese

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26
Q

% of the population that speak Chinese languages at home in Vancouver and Toronto

A

Vancouver: 13%
Toronto: 7%

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27
Q

Biggest religion in Canada

A

Catholic Christian

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28
Q

When was oil discovered in Alberta

A

1947

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29
Q

Canada’s biggest trading partner

A

US

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30
Q

Canada Health Act

A

ensures common elements and basic standard of coverage

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31
Q

When was EI introduced?

A

1940 by the Federal Gov’t

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32
Q

When was OAS introduced?

A

1927

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33
Q

When was Canada and Quebec Pension Plans introduced?

A

1965

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34
Q

What is NATO

A

North Atlantic Treaty Organization, which is a military alliance

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35
Q

What is the Quiet Revolution?

A

Happened in the 1960s to separate Quebec from Canada

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36
Q

What is the Official Languages Act

A

Established in 1969, guarantees French and English services in the federal Gov’t across Canada

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37
Q

Quebec sovereignty was defeated when?

A

In first referendum in 1980

and second referendum in 1995

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38
Q

Were Canadians of Asian descent given the right to vote historically?

A

No

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39
Q

Who was the last Asian descents to gain the right to vote?

A

The Japanese Canadian in 1948

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40
Q

When were Aboriginal people given the right to vote?

A

1960

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41
Q

How many Hungarians escaped the Soviet tyranny in 1956?

A

37,000

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42
Q

How many Vietnamese fled to Canada during the Vietnam war in 1975?

A

50,000

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43
Q

By 1960s, how many Canadians had origins that were neither British nor French

A

1/3

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44
Q

What is Canada known for in visual arts?

A

The Group of Seven, founded in 1920

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45
Q

Who invented Basketball?

A

Canadian James Naismith in 1891

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46
Q

Who is Donovan Bailey?

A

world record sprinter and double Olympic gold medallist in 1996 Olympic summer games

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47
Q

Who is Cantal Petitclerc

A

World champion wheelchair racer

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48
Q

Who is Wayne Gretzky?

A

Hockey player who played for Edmonton Oilers from 1979 to 1988

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49
Q

Who is Terry Fox?

A

British Columbian who lost his right leg to cancer at age of 18

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50
Q

What was Terry Fox’s marathon called?

A

Marathon of Hope

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51
Q

Who is Rick Hansen?

A

British Columbian who circled the globe in a wheelchair to raise funds for spinal cord research in 1985

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52
Q

in what year did majority of Canadians have adequate access to food and shelter

A

1951

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53
Q

What international organizations did Canada join?

A

NATO, NORAD and UN

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54
Q

Which UN operation did Canada join?

A

South Korea in Korean War

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55
Q

When did Canada create La Francophonie

A

1970

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56
Q

What did Paul Henderson do in 1972

A

scored the winning goal for Canada in the Canadian-Soviet Summit Series

Goal was named “the goal heard around the world”

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57
Q

What cup do Canadian football teams compete for?

A

The Grey cup

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58
Q

What did Sir Frederick and Charles Best discover

A

Insulin

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59
Q

What did Alexander Graham Bell discover?

A

The telephone

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60
Q

What did Joseph Bombardier invent?

A

snowmobile

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61
Q

What did Sir Sandford Fleming invent?

A

worldwide system of standard time zones

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62
Q

What did Matthew Evans and Henry Woodward invent?

A

the first electric light bulb

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63
Q

Who is Dr. Wilder Penfield?

A

Brain Surgeon at McGill, known as the greatest living Canadian

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64
Q

What did Mike Lazaridis and Jim Balsillie invent?

A

Research in Motion: Blackberry

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65
Q

What did John A. Hopps do?

A

invented the first cardiac pacemaker

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66
Q

What does Inuit mean?

A

The people

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67
Q

Largest Groups in Canada

A

English, French, Dutch, Ukranian, Aboriginal, Chinese, Scottish, Irish, German, Italian, Scandinivian, and South Asian

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68
Q

Canada’s system of government

A

Federal state
Parliamentary democracy
Constitutional monarchy

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69
Q

Where are the responsibilities of provincial and federal gov’t defined?

A

in Constitution Act (also known the British North American Act) in 1867

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70
Q

responsibilities of federal gov’t

A 
defense
citizenship
currency
criminal law
navigation
interprovincial trade and communication
foreign policy
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71
Q

responsibilities of provincial gov’t

A 
healthcare
education
natural resources
property and civil rights
highways
municipal gov't
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72
Q

what are shared responsibilities between federal and provincial

A

agriculture and immigration

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73
Q

Do northern territories have status of provinces?

A

no

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74
Q

how is House of Commons elected?

A

by the people

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75
Q

how are provincial and territorial members elected?

A

by the people

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76
Q

what are elected members responsible for?

A

keeping government accountable
passing bills
approving and monitoring expenditures

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77
Q

who are Cabinet Minister responsible for?

A

elected representatives

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78
Q

what must Cabinet Ministers maintain?

A

confidence of vote

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79
Q

what happens if Cabinet Ministers receive a no confidence vote?

A

they must resign

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80
Q

what are three parts of the Parliament?

A

Sovereign - Queen or King
Senate
House of Commons - Gov’t members (Prime Ministers and Cabinet Minister) and Opposition Members

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81
Q

what does the Provincial Legislature consist of?

A

Lieutenant

Elected Assembly

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82
Q

what does Prime Minister do?

A

appoints Cabinet Ministers

responsible for operation and policy of the Gov’t

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83
Q

What is House of Commons?

A

Members of Parliament
elected by people
traditionally every 4 years

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84
Q

Who are Senators?

A

appointed by the Gov’t General on the advice of PM and serve for 75 years

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85
Q

who reviews bills?

A

Senators and House of Commons

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86
Q

steps in passing a bill

A 
first reading
second reading - debate
committee stage - read more detailed
report stage - make any ammendments
third reading - debate and vote
senate 
royal assent
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87
Q

Who is the Head of State

A

Sovereign - the Queen

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88
Q

Who is the head of Gov’t

A

Prime Minister

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89
Q

What other countries have monarchies?

A 
Jordan 
Denmark 
Australia
New Zealand
Netherlands
Norway
Sweden
Morocco
Spain
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90
Q

Who represents the Sovereign in the federal gov’t

A

The Governor General - appointed by the Sovereign on advice from the PM, usually for five years

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91
Q

Who represents the Sovereign in the provincial gov’t

A

Lieutenant Governor - appointed by the Governor General on the advice of PM, for 5 years

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92
Q

Who plays the role of Prime Minister in Provincial Gov’t

A

Premier

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93
Q

Branches of the Canadian Gov’t

A

Legislative
Executive
Judicial

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94
Q

How many countries are linked to Canada through Commonwealth

A

53

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95
Q

when are federal elections held?

A

every 4 years, on third Monday every October

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96
Q

can PM ask for an earlier election?

A

yes

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97
Q

how many electoral districts are there in Canada?

A

308

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98
Q

other names of electoral districts?

A

ridings

constituencies

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99
Q

what is a riding or electoral district?

A

a geographical area that is represented by an MP

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100
Q

what are the people who run for office called?

A

candidates

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101
Q

how old do you need to be to run for office?

A

18

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102
Q

requirements to vote?

A

Canadian citizen
18 years old
on the voter’s list

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103
Q

how is the voting list produced?

A

through the National Register of Electors produced by a neutral party called Election Canada

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104
Q

what happens once an election is called?

A

Elections Canada sends a vote card in the mail that include where and when to vote and the number to call if you require interpretor services

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105
Q

when can you be added to the voter’s list?

A

at any time, including election day

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106
Q

what is the right to a secret ballot

A

no one can watch you vote or know who you voted for

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107
Q

what happens after elections are over?

A

the leader of the party with the most seats in the House of Commons becomes Prime Minister

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108
Q

what’s a majority gov’t

A

more than half of the seats are held by party in power

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109
Q

what happens if the majority of House of Commons vote against a major gov’t decision?

A

the party in power is defeated and a new election is called

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110
Q

what do the other parties that are not in power do

A

they are called the opposition parties and must peacefully oppose or try to improve government proposals

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111
Q

the opposition party with the most members of the House of Commons become?

A

the Official Opposition or Her Majesty’s Loyal Opposition

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112
Q

three major political parties in the House of Commons today

A

Liberal
NDP
Conservatives

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113
Q

what are municipal laws called?

A

by-laws

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114
Q

what does the municipal gov’t include?

A

mayor and councillers or aldermen

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115
Q

what are municipalities responsible for?

A

snow removal, streets, garbage removal, firefighting, ambulance, public transit, social and health services

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116
Q

how are first nations governed?

A

chiefs and councillers

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117
Q

what are the PM and Cabinet Ministers called?

A

The Cabinet

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118
Q

what do Cabinet Ministers do?

A

run government departments

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119
Q

what is the judicial system in Canada based on?

A

presumption of innocence

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120
Q

what is Canada’s legal system based on

A

rule of law, freedom under the law, democratic principles and due process

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121
Q

what is due process?

A

a principle that the government must respect all the legal rights a person is entitled to under the law

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122
Q

what does the blindfolded Lady of Justice in Vancouver represent?

A

blind to all considerations but the facts

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123
Q

how many judges make up the Supreme Court of Canada

A

nine

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124
Q

who are the supreme court of Canada appointed by?

A

the Governor General

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125
Q

types of courts in Canada

A

Supreme court, Federal Court, Provincial Court (appeal and trial court), family courts, traffic courts, small claims court (for civil cases)

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126
Q

What is the RCMP

A

Royal Canadian Mounted Police, which enforces federal laws throughout Canada, and serve as provincial police in all provinces except Ontario and Quebec

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127
Q

who’s job in enforce the laws of Canada

A

Police

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128
Q

When did Canada enact free trade with US

A

1988

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129
Q

when did Mexico become part of NAFTA

A

1994

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130
Q

Who are the G8?

A

US, Japan, Russia, Canada, Italy, UK, Germany, France

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131
Q

Three main industries in Canada

A

Service, manufacturing and natural resources

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132
Q

Services accounts for % of employees

A

75%

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133
Q

how much of Canadian exports are exported to the US

A

3/4

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134
Q

What is inscribed in the Peace of Arch in Washington

A

Children of a common mother

Together in unity

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135
Q

Is Canada in the top 10 world economies?

A

yes

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136
Q

Canada’s economy is mainly driven by?

A

Trade

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137
Q

Canada is ___ largest country on earth

A

second

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138
Q

how big is Canada?

A

10 million square kilometers

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139
Q

What are the three oceans that surround Canada?

A

Atlantic - east
Pacific - west
Arctic - north

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140
Q

Where is Canada-US border?

A

south of Canada

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141
Q

5 regions of Canada

A 
Central
Atlantic
West
Prairie
Northern Territories
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142
Q

what is the capital of Canada

A

Ottawa

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143
Q

when was Ottawa chosen to be capital?

A

1857

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144
Q

who chose Ottawa as capital?

A

Queen Victoria

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145
Q

How many provinces does Canada have?

A

10

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146
Q

How many territories does Canada have?

A

3

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147
Q

Population of Canada?

A

34 million

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148
Q

Provinces in the Atlantic Region?

A

PEI - Charlettown
Newfoundland and Labrador - St Johns
Nova Scotia - Halifax
New Brunswick - Fredericton

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149
Q

Provinces in Central region?

A

Ontario - Toronto

Quebec - Quebec City

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150
Q

Provinces in Prairies

A

Manitoba - Winnipeg
Alberta- Edmonton
Saskatchewan - Regina

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151
Q

Provinces in North Region

A

Nunavut - Iqaluit
Yukon - Whitehorse
Northwest - Yellowknife

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152
Q

Provinces in West

A

British Columbia - Victoria

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153
Q

Facts about Newfoundland and Labrador

A

Most eastern point in North America

has its own time zone

linked to the sea

oldest colony of the British Empire

has immense hydro-electric resources

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154
Q

facts about PEI

A

smallest province

known for red soil and potatoes

birthplace of the confederation

has the longest bridge in the world: Confederation bridge

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155
Q

facts about Nova Scotia

A

most populous atlantic province

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156
Q

facts about New Brunswick

A

situated in the Appalachian range

has the second largest river system

1/3 of population lives and works in French

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157
Q

How many Canadians live in Quebec and Ontario

A

more than 50%

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158
Q

How much do Quebec and Ontario manufacture

A

3/4 of all Canadian manufactured goods

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159
Q

How many people live in Quebec

A

8 million

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160
Q

How many people living in Quebec speak french as their first language

A

more than 3/4

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161
Q

Quebec is Canada’s main producer of what

A

Pulp and paper

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162
Q

Quebec is Canada’s largest producer of?

A

Hydro-electricity

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163
Q

Features of Montreal?

A

Second largest city in Canada and the second largest mainly French-speaking city in the world after Paris

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164
Q

How many people live in Ontario

A

12 million (1/3 of Canadians)

165
Q

What are the five Great Lakes located between Ontario and US

A 
Lake Huron
Lake Michigan 
Lake Superior 
Lake Ontario 
Lake Erie
166
Q

what will you be tested on in Canadian Citizenship test

A

1) knowledge of Canada and rights and responsibilities of being a citizen
2) adequate knowledge in English or French

167
Q

what happens after you take the test?

A

You will receive a notice called “Take the Oath of Citizenship”

At the ceremony you will:

1) Take the oath
2) sign the oath form
3) receive a certificate

168
Q

what are the sources of Canadian law

A

1) laws passed by the Parliament and Provincial legislatures
2) English common law
3) Civil code of French
4) unwritten constitution of Great Britain

169
Q

when was Magna Carta signed?

A

1215

170
Q

where was Magna Carta sign

A

England

171
Q

what is another name for Magna Carta

A

The Great Charter of Freedoms

172
Q

what is included in Magna Carta

A

1) freedom of conscience and religion
2) freedom of though, belief, speech and press
3) freedom of association
4) freedom of peaceful assembly

173
Q

what is Habeaus corpus

A

the right to challenge unlawful detention by the state

174
Q

where was Habeaus corpus derived from?

A

English Common law

175
Q

when was the constitution of Canada amended?

A

1982 by Queen Elizabeth 2nd

176
Q

what become the new constitution of Canada in 1982

A

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

177
Q

where did Queen Elizabeth 2nd amend the constitution of Canada

A

Ottawa

178
Q

what are most important rights included in the charter?

A

1) mobility rights: Canadians can work and live anywhere and can apply for passport
2) aboriginal rights
3) multiculturalism
4) official language rights: French and English have equal status in the Parliament and throughout the Government

179
Q

Responsibilities of Canadians

A

1) to vote
2) to be responsible for one’s self and family
3) to serve as a jury
4) to obey the law
5) to protect heritage and environment
6) help others in the community

180
Q

does Canada have a compulsory military service?

A

no

181
Q

what were the Huron-Wendat of the Great Lake Region (Iroquois)

A

Farmers and hunters

182
Q

what were the Cree and Dene of Northwest

A

hunters-gatherers

183
Q

what where the Sioux

A

nomadic, followed the Bison herd

184
Q

who was John Cabot

A

an Italian immigrant to England who was the first to map out Canada’s Atlantic Shore

185
Q

when did John Cabot come to Canada?

A

1497 in Newfoundland

186
Q

who was the first European to explore the St. Lawrence river?

A

Jacques Cartier

187
Q

who were the first Europeans?

A

The Vikings from Iceland

188
Q

when did Jacques Cartier explore the Atlantic

A

between 1534 and 1542

189
Q

how did Jacques Cartier name Canada?

A

he heard two captured guides speaking Iroquoian word kanata

190
Q

what does Kanata mean

A

Village

191
Q

when did Canada start appearing on maps?

A

1550s

192
Q

how long has the Crown been a symbol of the state of Canada

A

400 years

193
Q

when did Queen Elizabeth 2nd become Queen of Canada

A

1952

194
Q

when did the Queen celebrate her Gold and Diamond Jubilee?

A

2002 and 2012

195
Q

what is the Crown a symbol of?

A

a symbol of Government, the courts, police services, and Canadian Forces

196
Q

when was a new flag of Canada raised?

A

1965

197
Q

where does the red-white-red pattern come from?

A

Royal Military College in Kingston, founded in 1876

198
Q

Red and White are the national colors of Canada since?

A

1921

199
Q

what is the official royal flag for Canada?

A

Union Jack (England)

200
Q

what was the flag before the red-white-red flag?

A

Red Ensign

201
Q

when did Maple Leaves become adopted as a symbol?

A

1700s by French Canadians

202
Q

where are maple leaves used?

A

Canadian uniforms since 1850s and carved into headstones of fallen soldiers overseas and in Canada

203
Q

what is the coats of arms and motto?

A

After world war 1, Canada adopted an official coat of arms and a motto “A mari usque ad mare” which means from sea to sea.

204
Q

what does the coats of arms contain?

A

flags of scotland, england, france and Ireland as well as red maple leaves

205
Q

where can coats of arms be found?

A

dollar bills, government documents, and public buildings

206
Q

what is Canada’s most popular spectator sport

A

Hockey

207
Q

what is Canada’s winter sport

A

Hockey

208
Q

when was Hockey developed?

A

in 1800s

209
Q

what does NHL compete for?

A

The Stanley Cup, donated by Lord Stanley, Governor General, in 1892

210
Q

what is the Clarkson Cup

A

established in 2005 by Adrienne Clarkson, the 26th Governor General, and awarded to women hockey teams

211
Q

what is the second most popular Canadian sport

A

Football

212
Q

What is Canada’s official summer sport

A

Lacrosse

213
Q

Who first played Lacrosse

A

Aboriginals

214
Q

when can the Beaver symbol be seen?

A

symbol of Hudson Bay’s Company

emblem of St. Jean Baptiste Society

5 cent coin

coats of arms of Saskatchewan, Alberta and cities such as an Montreal and Toronto

215
Q

curling was introduced by what country?

A

Scotland

216
Q

what is the highest provincial court?

A

The Court of Queen’s Bench

217
Q

what is the national anthem of Canada called?

A

O Canada

218
Q

when was the National anthem proclaimed?

A

1980

219
Q

when was the national anthem first sung?

A

1880 in Quebec City

220
Q

do French and English Canadian sing different words to the national anthem?

A

yes

221
Q

first and last line of O Canada

A

O Canada! Our home and native land!

O Canada, we stand on guard for thee

222
Q

what is the royal anthem of Canada?

A

God Save the Queen

223
Q

when can the royal anthem be sung?

A

at any occasion when Canadians wish to honor the Sovereign

224
Q

first and last line of the Royal Anthem

A

God save our gracious Queen!

God save the Queen!

225
Q

when did Canada start using its own honors system

A

1967

226
Q

what is Canada’s honor system called?

A

The Order of Canada

227
Q

what is the highest honor available to Canadians

A

Victoria Cross

228
Q

why is Victoria Cross awarded?

A

for bravery and self-sacrifice

229
Q

How many Victoria Crosses has been awarded?

A

96 since 1854

230
Q

Who was the first person to receive a Victoria Cross

A

Lieutenant Alexander Roberts Dunn

231
Q

who was the first black person to receive Victoria Cross

A

Able Seaman William Hall

232
Q

who was the first members of the Canadians corps not born in the British Empire to be awarded the Victoria Cross

A

Filip Konowal, born in Ukraine

233
Q

who was the last person to receive the Victoria Cross

A

Lieutenant Robert Hampton Gray

234
Q

what do honours consist of?

A

decorations, medals and orders

235
Q

when is Sir John A. Macdonald day

A

January 11

236
Q

when is Victoria Day

A

Monday before May 25

237
Q

when is Canada day

A

July 1

238
Q

when is Labor Day

A

first Monday of September

239
Q

When is thanksgiving day?

A

second monday of October

240
Q

when is Remembrance day

A

November 11

241
Q

when is Sir Wilfred Day

A

November 20

242
Q

When is boxing day

A

December 26

243
Q

how long has the tradition of ordered liberty been there?

A

800 years

244
Q

what does the Canadian Charter of Rights begin with?

A

Whereas Canada is founded upon principles that recognize the supremacy of God and the rule of law

245
Q

what does the phrase “Whereas Canada is founded upon principles that recognize the supremacy of God and the rule of law” underlines

A

the importance of religious traditions to Canadian society

the dignity and worth of the human person

246
Q

are you legally required to serve as a jury?

A

yes

247
Q

what is Canada known as all around the world

A

a strong and free country

248
Q

how many Indians live on reserves?

A

50%

249
Q

how many communities of First Nations exist?

A

600

250
Q

what dialect do Metis people speak?

A

Michif

251
Q

how many francophones live outside Quebec

A

1 million

252
Q

when was the Great Upheaval?

A

between 1755 and 1763

253
Q

Since ___ most immigrants have come from Asian countries

A

1970s

254
Q

Who is Marjorie Turner-Bailey

A

Olympian who is a descendent of black loyalists

255
Q

when was the first permanent settlement in Canada

A

in 1604, by French colonists Pierre du Monts and Samuel de Champlain

256
Q

what did Samuel Champlain do in 1608

A

built a fortress in Quebec city

257
Q

when did the French and Iroquous make peace?

A

1701

258
Q

what did the French and Aboroginal people collaborate on?

A

fur-trade

259
Q

when did French and Britain battle?

A

in the 1700s

260
Q

in the British vs French war, who was defeated?

A

in 1759, the French were defeated

261
Q

After French vs British war, Britain renamed the colony to

A

the Province of Quebec

262
Q

what were French-speaking catholic people called in the Province of Quebec

A

Habitants or Canadiens

263
Q

what was the war called where France was defeated?

A

The Battle of the Plains of Abraham at Quebec City

264
Q

why was the Quebec Act introduced

A

to better govern the French Roman Catholic majority

265
Q

who introduced the Quebec Act

A

The British Parliament

266
Q

when was the Quebec Act introduced

A

1774

267
Q

what did the Quebec Act allow?

A

allowed religious freedoms for Catholics

allowed them to hold public office

268
Q

What did the Constitutional Act of 1791 do?

A

divided the Province of Quebec into Upper Canada (later Ontario) and Lower Canada (later Quebec)

269
Q

what did Lieutenant Governor John Graves Simcoe do?

A

in 1793 he led Upper Canada to becoming the first province to move toward slavery abolition

270
Q

when did the British Parliament prohibit the buying or selling of slaves?

A

1807

271
Q

when did the British Parliament abolish salvery thorought the whole empire?

A

1833

272
Q

when did the Montreal Stock Exchange open?

A

1832

273
Q

what happened in 1812?

A

USA launched an invasion of Canada

274
Q

when was the first representative assembly?

A

in 1758

275
Q

where was the first representative assembly?

A

Halifax, Nova Scotia

276
Q

when and where was the second representative assembly?

A

1773, PEI

277
Q

when and where was the third representative assembly?

A

1785, New Brunswick

278
Q

who lived in Upper Canada

A

loyalist, english speaking, protestant

279
Q

how did Black people escape slavery in the US

A

they followed the North Star to Canada via the Underground Railroad

280
Q

what happened in 1813?

A

the Americans burned Government House and the Parliament Building

281
Q

How did Canada retaliate in 1814?

A

Burned down the White House

282
Q

what is the significance of the Canada-USA border?

A

to ensure that Canada would remain independent of the US

283
Q

what did Laura Secord do?

A

in 1813, she travelled 30 km on foot to warn Lieutenant James FitzGibbon of an American Attack

284
Q

how many Canadians volunteered to fight in the South African War

A

7000

285
Q

what was the South African War called?

A

Boer War

286
Q

How many Canadians served in the 1914 war?

A

600,000

287
Q

what does April 9 signify?

A

Vimy day, to celebrate victory in April 1917 when Canadian Corps captured Vimy Ridge

288
Q

right to vote movement for women was called?

A

Women’s suffrage movement

289
Q

who founded the Women’s Suffrage movement

A

Dr. Emily Stowe, the first Canadian woman to practice medicine in Canada

290
Q

what was the first province to grant women rights?

A

Manitoba

291
Q

why did the war between America and Canada happen in 1812?

A

the British Empire, which includes Canada, trying to defeat Napoleon Bonparte ended up interfering with American shipping

292
Q

who fought the war in Canada vs US

A

Canadians including First Nations

293
Q

what did Canada do to protect itself after war with United States

A

built a costly defense system

Citadels in Halifax and Quebec City
Naval drydock in Nova Scotia
Fort Henry at Kingston

294
Q

what did Duke of Wellington do?

A

defeated Napoleon Bonparte in 1815

sent some of his best soldiers to defend Canada in 1814 (in Ottawa)

played a big role in founding the national capital, Ottawa

295
Q

why did rebels happen in 1830s?

A

some people believe that democracy in Upper and Lower Canada was happening too slow

296
Q

what did Lord Durham do?

A

an English reformer, recommended the Upper and Lower Canada be merged and given responsible government

297
Q

what does responsible government mean?

A

the Crown must have the support of the majority to govern

298
Q

what was one of Lord Durham’s controversial ideas?

A

that the quickest way for Canadiens to achieve progress was to assimilate into English-speaking Protestant culture

299
Q

who are some of the Fathers of Confederation?

A

Sir Etienne-Paschal and Sir George-Etienne Cartier and Sir Jon A. Macdonald

300
Q

when were Upper and Lower Canada joined?

A

1840

301
Q

what was the name for joint Upper and Lower Canada?

A

Province of Canada

302
Q

what was the first province in Canada to attain full responsible government?

A

Nova Scotia (1848)

303
Q

who became the first leader of a responsible government?

A

La Fontaine, a champion of democracy and French Language rights

304
Q

what happened from 1864-1867?

A

representatives from Province of Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick came together to create a new country.

They created two level of Government: Federal and Provincial

They separated Province of Canada to Ontario and Quebec

The new country was called Dominion of Canada

305
Q

when was the Dominion of Canada officially born?

A

July 1 1867

306
Q

What was July 1 1867 until 1982 called? and what is it called now?

A

Dominion Day. Now it is called Canada Day

307
Q

who was on $1 Dominion of Canada Bill

A

King George V which chose Canada’s national color (white and red) in 1921

308
Q

who named Canada, the Dominion of Canada

A

one of the Fathers of Confederation: Sir Leonard Tilley

309
Q

where did Sir Leonard Tilley get the inspiration from for Dominion of Canada

A

Psalm 72 in the Bible

310
Q

when did Manitoba and Northwest Territories join the Dominion?

A

1870

311
Q

when did British Columbia join the Dominion?

A

1871 after Ottawa promised to build a railway to the West Coast

312
Q

when did PEI join the Dominion?

A

1873

313
Q

when did Yukon join the Dominion?

A

1898

314
Q

when did Alberta and Saskatchewan join the Dominion?

A

1905

315
Q

when did Newfoundland and Labrador join the Dominion?

A

1949

316
Q

when did Nunavut join the Dominion?

A

1999

317
Q

who became the first Prime Minister in Canada in 1867?

A

Sir Jon A. Macdonald

One of the Fathers of Confederation

Born in Scotland on January 11

Portrait on $10 bill

318
Q

when was the Canadian Pacific Railway completed?

A

1885

319
Q

what is Head Tax?

A

a race-based entry fee applied to the Chinese

320
Q

when did Ottawa apologize for the Head Tax

A

2006

321
Q

who was the first French Prime Minister?

A

Sir Wilfrid Laurier

322
Q

who’s portrait is on the $5 bill?

A

Sir Wilfrid Laurier

323
Q

who was the right to vote given to in 1917?

A

first, to nurses at the battle front and then to women who were related to men in active wartime service

324
Q

what happened in 1918?

A

women aged 21 and over were granted the right to vote in federal government

325
Q

the Atlantic colonies and Upper and Lower Canada were known as

A

British North America

326
Q

the Quebec Act was based on?

A

French civil code and English criminal law

327
Q

when was the South African war, also known as Boer War

A

1899-1902

328
Q

how many people died in the Boer War

A

260

329
Q

how many people died in the Vimy Ridge capture

A

10,000 killed and wounded

330
Q

what were Canadians called after Vimy Ridge

A

the shock troops of the British Empire

331
Q

who granted exclusive trading rights to Hudson’s Bay company?

A

King Charles 2nd in 1670

332
Q

who refused to surrender Quebec to the English in 1690

A

Count Frontenac

333
Q

who defended the rights of Canadiens, defeated an American military invasion of Quebec in 1775, and supervise the Loyalist migration to Nova Scotia and Quebec in 1782

A

Sir Guy Carleton

334
Q

which air demonstration is a Canadian icon

A

snowbirds

335
Q

what is Beil Reid famous for?

A

Totem Pole carving

336
Q

how many Canadians served in the second world war?

A

over 1 million

337
Q

what did Mary Ann do?

A

weekly newspaper about slavery

first women publisher in Canada

activist for abolishment of slavery

338
Q

who was a key architect of Confederation?

A

Sir George Etienne

339
Q

which groups of people were significant in the building of the Canadian Pacific Railroad

A

Chinese and European

340
Q

how many Canadians have lost their lives till the present day?

A

110,000

341
Q

what did the Canadian Pacific Railway symbolize?

A

Unity

342
Q

who are the bluebirds?

A

nurses in the Royal Canadian Army Medical Corps

343
Q

what was Canada’s early economy based on?

A

export of natural resources such timber, fur and fish through rivers, canals and lakes

344
Q

who was Pierre le Moyne

A

great French hero, won may battles against the British

345
Q

where are the remains of the first settlement known as l’anse aux Meadow

A

Newfoundland and Labrador

346
Q

who were the United Empire Loyalists

A

loyalists that fled the American Revolution to Quebec and Nova Scotia

347
Q

who is Sir Arthur Currie

A

known as Canada’s greatest soldier

348
Q

when did Canada become an official title

A

1791

349
Q

who was the commander of the British Army in the Battle of the Plains of Abraham

A

James Wolfe

350
Q

who was the first women to become MP in 1921

A

Agnes Macphail

351
Q

what did Joseph Brant do?

A

led thousand of Native American that were loyal to the British to Canada during American Revolution (tribes were known as Mowhaks)

352
Q

who was Louis Reil?

A

Father of Manitoba and defender of Metis rights

353
Q

when did Quebec give women the right to vote?

A

1940

354
Q

how many people died in the Korean war (UN operation)

A

500

355
Q

what province is the birthplace of Confederation?

A

PEI

356
Q

what is a popular story in PEI

A

Anne of Green Gables by Lucy Montcemory

357
Q

which province is known as the gateway to Canada

A

Nova Scotia

358
Q

which province is known for its highest tides

A

Nova Scotia

359
Q

where are the highest tides found?

A

Bay of Fundy

360
Q

what is Nova Scotia known for?

A

shipping, shipbuilding, coal mining, forestry and agriculture

361
Q

where is the largest east coast port?

A

Halifax

362
Q

where is Canada’s largest naval base?

A

Halifax

363
Q

which provinces has Celtic and Gaelic traditions?

A

Nova Scotia

364
Q

how many annual festivals happen in Nova Scotia?

A

700 including military tattoo in Halifax

365
Q

who was New Brunswick found by?

A

United Empire Loyalists

366
Q

what is New Brunswick’s largest city?

A

St. John

367
Q

where is Canada’s main financial centre?

A

Toronto

368
Q

what is Niagara known for?

A

Vineyards and wines

369
Q

who founded Ontario?

A

the United Empire Loyalists

370
Q

what is Manitoba’s most populous city?

A

Winnipeg

371
Q

what does Winnipeg have?

A

the most famous street intersection: Portage and Main

372
Q

Manitoba has the largest population of:

A

Aboriginal (15%)
Ukrainian (14%)
Francophone community (45,000) - St. Boniface

373
Q

what is Saskatchewan known as?

A

the breadbasket of the world

the wheat province

374
Q

Saskatchewan has ___ of arable land

A

40%

375
Q

Saskatchewan is the largest producer of ?

A

grains and oilseeds

376
Q

which province has the richest deposits of Uranian and Potash?

A

Saskatchewan

377
Q

Where is the home of the training academy of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police

A

Regina, Saskatchewan

378
Q

what is Saskatchewan’s largest city?

A

Saskatoon: the headquarters of the mining industry

379
Q

what is the most populous province in the Prairie region

A

Alberta

380
Q

who was lake louise named after?

A

fourth daughter of Queen Victoria

381
Q

how many national parks does Alberta have

A

5, including banff (1855)

382
Q

Alberta is the world’s richest deposits of __

A

prehistoric fossils and dinosaur finds

383
Q

Alberta is the largest producer of?

A

beef and oil

384
Q

population of BC

A

4 million

385
Q

where is the headquarters of the Navy’s Pacific fleet?

A

Victoria

386
Q

BC is our gateway to ___

A

Asia Pacific

387
Q

the most valuable forestry industry is in what province

A

BC

388
Q

which province has the most extensive park system

A

BC, 600 provincial parks

389
Q

where is the largest port

A

Vancouver

390
Q

where is the largest east coast port

A

Halifax

391
Q

who is regulated by the law?

A

both Governments and individuals

392
Q

till when did slavery remain legal in the US

A

1863

393
Q

who did the Hudson bay compete with in 1670?

A

Montreal-based traders

394
Q

what were the men who travelled by canoe for trade called?

A

Voyageurs and coureurs des bois

395
Q

who led the war of Britain vs French

A

James Wolfe (Britain) and Marquis (France) - both killed in batle

396
Q

how many black loyalists came to Canada and what town did they later on move to

A

3000

Sierra Leone (West of Africa)

in 1792

397
Q

what were Winnepeg, Edmonton, Vancouver and Victoria before cities?

A

trading posts

398
Q

who were the leaders of the 1812 war?

A

Sir Isaac Brock and Cheif Tecusmeh (First Nations)

399
Q

who led the expedition from Nova Soctia that burnt down the White House

A

Major General Robert Ross

400
Q

which battle did Laura Secord help

A

Battle of Beaver Dams

401
Q

who introduced responsible government

A

Lord Elgin, 1849

402
Q

which flag flew over western Canada for 200 years before confederation

A

Hudson’s Bay

403
Q

who was Sir Sam Steele

A

mounted policeman and soldier of the Queen

404
Q

who was Gabriel Dumont

A

Metis greatest military leader

405
Q

how many people were wounded in Korean war

A

1000

406
Q

when did Parliament establish the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Bicultarailsm

A

1963

407
Q

who built Canadarm

A

Canadian Space Agency

408
Q

name some Nobel Prize-winning students

A

Gerhard Herzbeg and Bertram Brockhouse

Canadian Citizenship (1 decks)

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