history Flashcards
When was the treaty of Tordesillas signed ? and by who?
It was signed 1494 by Portugal and Spain and divided the world between two nations.
What were the most famous raids in 1570?
In 1570 on the Isthmus Panama attacked the Spanish ship carrying silver and captured them
Explain the three types ;piracy ,privateering and buccaneering ?
- pirates that came on the high sea that came from several countries
- privateers were hired or authorized by a government to attack vessels during wartime
- buccaneers were specialist pirates with more violent and larger crews
Name two famous privateering ? and what cousins were they ?
John Hawkins and Sir Francis Drake, cousins who were supported by Queen Elizabeth of England
What is what the Europeans claimed “effective settlement’’?
any European nation which could set up a colony and keep it from being attacked or destroyed would break the Spanish monopoly
Who were the first settlers?
smugglers who used coves and bays as bases from which to trade illegally
What were early settlers encouraged to do?
Early settlers were encouraged to build a community and produce crops like tobacco, cotton, indigo and cocoa
What left the lesser Antilles open to foreign settlement?
The Spanish concentration on central and south America and the greater Antilles left nearly all north America and the lesser Antilles open to foreign settlement
What did England produce themselves?
They grew plenty of wheat and other grains, raised farm animals for meat, also raised numbers of sheep for wool, which was exported to other European countries to be made into cloth
Why were many labourers called indentured servants?
because they were bound by legal agreements called ‘indentures’
Which products did the Europeans import?
Manufactured and agricultural goods
What did early settlers face?
Hardships, hurricanes, diseases and droughts, and attacks from the Spanish and Kalinago’s. They also had to grow food crops to survive;
When and why did several Caribbean countries diversify into cocoa production?
When the market for sugar declined in the late 1800s and early 1900s
When was the first lucrative period? between ……
and ……., after which a glut caused a price slump and a
collapse of the industry.
1600, 1780
What were the 3 groups/gangs in the workforce of mahogany? And what were their jobs?
Armed Huntsmen, axe cutters and cattlemen and their jobs were to locate, cut and transport these trees
